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Wu Tong
Wu Tong (1899-1962), Hui, Ziqin, ancestral home of Cangzhou, Hebei, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hohhot City, Tokto County, is a famous martial artist in Inner Mongolia, and has made important contributions to the development of martial arts in Inner Mongolia.
The Wu family was a well-known martial arts family in the Guisui (present-day Hohhot) region. Grandfather Wu Ying was born in a peasant family in Tokto County, in the early years of the Qing Dynasty, he studied big guns and Taizu Fist with Sun Lao, a native of Dezhou, Shandong, and later the Bagua Master Dong Haichuan traveled to Saiwai to run a land reclamation for a certain gongfu and lived in Suidong Erdaohezi. Wu Ying was famous for his quest for art and obtained Dong Haichuan's gossip and true biography.
Dong Haichuan
In the spring of the twenty-second year of Guangxu (1896), Wu Ying served as an escort for the government of The Duke of Yingcheng in Beijing, and was rewarded with five pins to wear a flower plume. In the 26th year of Guangxu (1900), the Boxer Rebellion broke out, and the local "boxers" in Tuoxian County also followed the trend, robbing the local rich households and catholics. Wu Ying, who was the captain of the "winter defense team" of the Tokto Hall at that time, and his brother Wu Yao, as well as his classmates Wu Shengtang and Tao Dali, a doorman, and 8 other people protected and rescued the family of The rich Yang Qigao who had been abducted, which was praised by the local people.
Before the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution, the brothers Wu Ying and Wu Yao were influenced by democratic ideas and joined the League led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen and threw themselves into the anti-Qing revolution. At the end of 1911, Yan Xishan led more than 5,000 rebellious Qing army new troops into the city of Tokto and Hekou Town, as the president of the Tokto Chamber of Commerce, Wu Ying, who has always been known as a chivalrous man, was falsely accused by the local gentry because he was dissatisfied with Yan Xishan's army's forcible "borrowing money" and "labor army", and Wu Ying was summoned to Yan Xishan's military headquarters for questioning. Wu Ying then went calmly with his apprentice Zhang Sanmian.
During the summons and questioning, the officer of the Yan Army, because he could not get the "confession" he wanted, was angry and demoralized, and he beat Wu Ying, who punched the officer and spat out blood. The guards (guards) drew their pistols to shoot, but were shot by Zhang San, who was quick-eyed. Afterwards, Wu Ying was arrested and imprisoned.
Subsequently, Yan Jun brutally beat and insulted Wu Ying without any interrogation, and then sent him to Hekou Town for execution at the age of 59. His apprentices Yang Rong, Zhang Wenming and dozens of others buried him in the western suburbs of Tuocheng. After the establishment of the National Government in Nanjing, his reputation was restored and a special monument was engraved.
Wu Ying's third brother Wu Yao was also outstanding in martial arts, teaching many apprentices in Sa County and Guisui, including Song Biao, Yang Rong, Gao Taicheng, Nan Ziyi, Fu Shikui, Ma Xun, and Bai Yongwang. Zhou Hailiang and others.
In his childhood, Wu Tong mainly studied martial arts with his third grandfather Wu Yao, and practiced bullet legs, Taizu fist, cha fist, leaning hammer, bagua palm, Yang family gun and so on. At that time, Wu Tong had a family martial art, strong body strength, and a violent temperament, which was the "head" of a group of children at that time. Other children could not beat him, they did not dare to fight against him, after seeing him, often throw stones at him, Wu Tong also practiced the ability to throw stones almost a hundred shots.
Wu Tong attended Guisui Middle School as a teenager. Guisui Middle School is the highest school in the western region of Inner Mongolia in the early Republic of China, formerly known as Gufeng Academy founded in the eleventh year of Guangxu (1885), and later renamed Guisui Middle School, with a four-year school system. The school is small in size, but well equipped and well-equipped with good teachers. Most of the teachers are hired from Lianghu and Zhejiang. Exposure to modern science. Basketball courts, tennis courts, libraries, biological specimen rooms, etc. are readily available on campus, and there is a strong sports trend.
When Wu Tong was in middle school, there was a Lantern Festival one year, and the city of Tokto was very lively. In the crowd of people visiting the Lantern Festival and watching the lantern festival, there were a few old policemen flirting with women in broad daylight, causing the anger and accusations of the common people. The guys were angry and beat them up in the crowd with batons. Wu Tong was indignant when he saw this, so he led a few classmates to rush up, take off the baton, and beat up these guys. Then ran back to school overnight.
After graduating from high school, Wu Tong enrolled in the Beijing Physical Education Research School. This is a private school, founded by Xu Yusheng, a famous modern taijiquan master, who studied for two years. During Wu Tong's time in school, he not only had the opportunity to learn Tai Chi from Xu Yusheng, but also coincided with the famous Taijiquan master Wu Jianquan teaching Tai Chi at the school. Seeing that Wu Tong's qualifications were very good, Wu Jianquan took him as the only Hui student who could not kowtow to his master as a disciple. Wu Tong had a good foundation before, coupled with his diligent study and hard work, he systematically learned Wu's Taijiquan and became the first descendant of Wu's Taijiquan outside Saiwai. With Mr. Wu's true biography, his boxing skills are more refined.
Wu Jianquan
After graduation, Wu Tong returned to Suiyuan and was hired as a physical education teacher at his alma mater, Guisui Middle School, and concurrently served as a physical education and music teacher at Suiyuan Girls' Normal School. He was versatile and diligent, and his physical education classes were both serious and lively, and he was deeply loved by students, and soon became the core figure of sports activities in Suiyuan City.
On October 1, 1928, the "First National Examination of Chinese Arts" (referred to as the "National Examination of Chinese Arts", commonly known as "Beating") was held in Nanjing. After being selected, Suiyuan Province sent Wu Tong and Song Biao to represent the province in Nanjing. At that time, funds were tight and transportation was inconvenient, and Wu and Song traveled through arduous treks to reach Nanjing. After a fierce competition, Wu Tong was shortlisted for the top 37 of the "National Examination Excellence" with three battles and three victories, and Song Biao was selected as one of the eighty-two places in the "National Examination Medium". This achievement was undoubtedly a great success for the remote Suiyuan martial arts community, and the news came that the Suiyuan society and martial arts were all excited.
Zhang Zhijiang
In the final round, Wu Tong drew lots against a tall and athletic Shandong player. Wu Tong's teacher, Mr. Wu Jianquan, was a judge on the stage at the time, and Wu Tong was a little timid. Mr. Wu Jianquan demanded that he must remain calm and use the "softness" of tai chi to overcome the "rigidity" of the other party.
Group photo at the opening ceremony of the first National Arts Examination held at the Central Guoshu Hall
At the beginning of the fight, the other party really rushed and punched, and Wu Tong used the round soft kung fu of tai chi to dissolve, looking for an opportunity to kick the other party under the stage, causing the other party to die of serious injuries. Since then, Wu Tong has been famous for winning the "Hit Broadcasting Station". Wu Tong accidentally injured people in the game, and regretted it very much, and since then Wu Tong's personality has become tolerant and generous, and he rarely works with people again.
Sanda competition in the national examination The sanda match in the national examination
After the "ring" match, the Suiyuan Provincial Government decided to establish the Suiyuan National Art Museum in accordance with the telegram from the Central Guoshu Hall requesting the establishment of the GuoshuGuan in various places. To this end, the Suiyuan area planned to take the Laoye Temple of the North Tea House in Naturalization City (Hohhot Old City) as the site, and the board of directors jointly elected Wu Tong as the director of the Provincial Guoshu Museum, responsible for the preparation and presiding over the daily work, and submitted to the Central Guoshu Hall for approval. After the approval of the Central Guoshu Museum, it was suggested that the director of the Suiyuan Provincial Guoshu Museum should be Li Peiji, then chairman of Suiyuan Province, and Wu Tong should be the deputy director to preside over the daily work. After Li Peiji, the director of the Suiyuan Guoshu Museum was Xu Yongchang. When Fu Zuoyi became the chairman of Suiyuan Province in 1931, the position of curator was held by Fu. However, the position of deputy curator has always been Wu Tong.
Fu Zuoyi
In order to promote the work of the Guoshu Hall and the development of Guoshu in the Suiyuan area, Wu Tong and others held the first Suiyuan Provincial Guoshu Examination activity on April 20, 1929, in front of the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, a small school in the north of Naturalization City. The event was widely supported by the Suiyuan martial arts community, and 59 winners were selected in the competition, including 7 first class, zhang Yongde in the first place, 29 second class, and Yang Rong in the first place; Class C 19, first place Ma Zhengying; Ding and other 4, the first place Yang Xiaotang.
Wu Tong practicing "Yin Gun"
The whole event was held in accordance with the "National Examination" in Nanjing, and also adopted the mode of coexistence of martial arts routine drills and confrontational projects. At that time, the scene of the competition was very lively, first a freehand and equipment exhibition match and finally a sanda. Every day, the audience is crowded, becoming a grand event in Inner Mongolia. The success of the event had a profound impact on the development of the Guoshu system in the Suiyuan region.
In April 1929, the Suiyuan National Art Museum was officially established. The provincial library consists of three departments: academic affairs, general affairs and editing. There are 8 regular staff members in the museum, and the monthly activity fund is 300 silver yuan, of which 100 yuan is funded by the local industrial promotion society.
At the beginning of the establishment of the Provincial National Art Museum, due to the lack of experience in running schools, the teaching popularization work was relatively cold, and there were few people who asked for it. For this reason, Wu Tong turned to Ma Zhengying, an influential local Hui boxer. Ma Zhengying was touched by Wu Tong's sincerity and gladly agreed to follow ma Yin, Bai Huaili, Wang Mei and other disciples who were studying art to the Guoshuguan to enroll in the Guoshuguan, so as to open up the situation of the Guoshuguan running the school.
At first, in addition to serving as the deputy director and coach of the GuoshuGuan, Wu Tong still insisted on concurrently serving as a physical education teacher at Suiyuan Middle School and Guisui Girls' Normal School. After 1933, with the continuous expansion of the scale of the Guoshuguan and the increasingly busy affairs, he had to give up teaching work and become a full-time staff of the Guoshuguan, concentrating on teaching Tai Chi, Taiji Sword, Tai Chi Pusher, etc., especially actively promoting Wu-style Taijiquan.
Suiyuan Guoshuguan employed a number of well-known local boxers as coaches. Among them was Song Biao, who participated in the "National Examination" with Wu Tong. Song left in 1933 and was replaced by Ma Zhengying. In addition, Su Erqing was hired as a coach. Su Erqing, whose original name was Su Fu, was a well-known Hui boxer in Guisui and was considered wu Tong's uncle. In addition, Wu Tong also hired the famous Mongolian boxer Yun Liansheng (Yun Lianzhen), who taught at Guisui Middle School, and his brother Cheng Quanzhong to teach in the museum.
Clouds are alive
Yun Liansheng is the third generation of the unique martial arts "Yin Gun" (also known as "Yin Gun", "Bagua Gun", "Yin Pistol"),) in Inner Mongolia, Yun Liansheng's master is Guo Yuhong of Saraqi, Guo Yuhong's master is Saraqi people Yousi Lama, and Yousi Lama's master is Zhao Laotong, the founder of Yin Gun. Zhao Laotong is a native of Shandong, and "Zhao Laotong" is not his real name. Zhao Laotong was examined as an important leader of the "Black Flag Army" in Shandong at the end of the Qing Dynasty, and after the failure of the uprising, he hid his name in Suiyuan, and many people believed that Zhao Laotong was Song Jingshi, the leader of the "Black Flag Army".
The image of Song Jingshi in the movie
Yun Liansheng taught at the Suiyuan Provincial Guoshu Hall, and Wu Tong worshiped him as a teacher, learning the "Yin Gun" and the Taiji "Inverted Hand Sword Technique". Because he has the skills of Tai Chi Pusher and family gun skills, he can accurately listen to the strength of the gun and understand the marksmanship quickly. On several occasions, he easily cracked Yun Liansheng's sudden incoming gun. Yun asked in amazement, "How do you know?" He explained it in terms of tai chi theory, which was highly praised. He spent nearly ten years with Yunshi, like father and son, until 1937, when the "July 7" Incident closed, he sent Yunshi back to his hometown.
The "Yin Gun" legacy
After the Japanese invasion and the forced closure of the Guoshu Museum, Wu Tong, as the curator, could only helplessly lead his family to move back to Tuo County, the situation was difficult, there was no way to report to the country, and Wu Tong was very desolate in his heart. At this time, General Fu Zuoyi, chairman of the province, personally summoned him and ordered him, as a representative of the Hui nationality in Tuoxian County, to openly attend the inaugural meeting of the Japanese and puppet "Houhe (Guisui) Islamic Branch of the Northwest Islamic Federation" planned by the Japanese Kou in Guisui, and to take this as an opportunity to carry out the work of gathering intelligence.
In 1939, Wu Tong served as the principal of the Japanese pseudo-"Houhe Islamic Youth School". There is a Japanese consultant in the school named Yatsuo Komura, who usually points fingers and feet on the campus, and is tyrannical, and teachers and students dare not speak out. Xiaocun loves wrestling, and usually lets students practice with him, which makes the students' noses and faces swollen. Later, Komura felt that wrestling with the students was not exciting enough, so he invited Wu Tong to wrestle with him. The news did not go away, and the students who were watching were three floors outside the three floors.
A hand-to-hand Komura grabbed Wu Tong's arm, turned around, and used the "back throw" (over-the-shoulder wrestling) in Japanese judo, wanting to give Wu Tong a dismount, but just as he turned around, Wu Tong, who was very stable in the next plate, also used his knee to put a small village's ass, and Komura stumbled to come to a "dog eat shit". Xiaocun was still not convinced, blushing and thick neck climbed up and pounced on Wu Tong, Wu Tong used a move to press his knees and shoulders, making him sit on the ground.
In order to give the village a step down, Wu Tong smiled and pulled him up with his hand and let the students practice with him. This student was also a good hand, and seeing that the principal was present to strengthen his courage and did not give the Japanese face, he threw Komura heavily on the ground with a neat movement, and then ran away. After that, Komura never wrestled with anyone again.
During Wu Tong's tenure as principal of the Japanese pseudo-"Houhe Islamic Youth School", he obtained information on the Japanese attack on Wuyuan and immediately telegraphed General Fu Zuoyi, causing The Japanese to suffer heavy losses in the Battle of Wuyuan. After the great victory of Wuyuan, the Japanese army wantonly searched for Suiyuan intellectuals, and the Wu family was on the blacklist. After Wu Tong quickly resettled his family and relatives, he escaped to Beiping alone. General Fu Zuoyi specially sent Wu Tong's exploits to the Kuomintang Central Committee and vigorously overrode the public opinion, appointing Wu Tong as a member of the Kuomintang Suiyuan Provincial Party Department and a commissioner of the Third Supervision District.
On April 19, 1940, in response to the call of the China Muslim National Salvation Association, Wu Tong also formed the Suiyuan Branch of the China Muslim National Salvation Association together with others. Wu Tong served as the chairman, cao Shizhen, Wu Rong, Fei Deming and other 15 people as directors. Ma Wenshi, Wang Yousan, Sun Guangdou and other 5 people are supervisors.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, the Third Supervision District was abolished, and Wu Tong returned to work in the Party Department of Suiyuan Province. In September 1945, during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Suiyuan Provincial Islamic Association was reorganized into the Suiyuan Provincial Islamic Association, and Wu Tong was elected as the chairman of the board, vice chairman Cao Menglin, and the secretary was his brother Wu Rong.
In 1947, under his active planning, the Provincial GuoshuGuan was able to resume its activities, with Dong Qiwu as the honorary curator, and he continued to serve as the deputy director and presided over the daily affairs of the museum. Wu Tong quickly established 6 sub-fields, hired Guan Chongxu (Guan Deshan), Ma Zhengying, Ma Xun, Wang Mei and other coaches, and the Guoshuguan gradually returned to normal.
In July and August 1949, the provincial government institutional reform, Suiyuan Province set up four institutions belonging to the Suimin Religious Center, Library, National Art Hall and Stadium, "in order to play the efficiency of work", the provincial government officially established the "Social Education Promotion Committee" on August 25, and appointed Wu Tong as the chairman of the committee until the "919" peaceful uprising.
In the summer and autumn of 1949, Wu Tong's brother Wu Rong reported to the Education Department of the Suidong Liberated Area, and Wu Tong took advantage of this opportunity to draft a letter supporting the uprising, which was forwarded to the Mengsui District Committee by Wu Daping, director of the Education Department of the Suimeng Government.
On September 19, 1949, the peaceful uprising in Suiyuan Province, Wu Tong signed the uprising book in the name of the chairman of the Suiyuan Provincial Muslim Association.
Classmates collect family trees
After liberation, Wu Tong was transferred to work at the Inner Mongolia Sports Committee. He continues to participate in various martial arts performances and teaching work, and has also participated in regional and national martial arts competitions and refereeing work many times. In particular, in order to adapt to the development situation of martial arts, the yin gun transmitted by Yun Liansheng was compiled into a routine.
In May 1962, Wu Tong died of illness at the age of 63. Before his death, Wu Tong served as a member of the Suiyuan Provincial Ethnic Affairs Committee, deputy director of the Office of the Inner Mongolia Sports Committee, and a member of the first and second sessions of the Inner Mongolia CppcC.
The famous Hui martial artist Wu Tong is my classmate's uncle and grandfather, here also thank the classmates for giving help in the materials, a generation of martial arts, passed down from generation to generation, Wu Tong's son Wu Bingxiao inherited the mantle of Wu Tong, the excellent traditional martial arts culture carried forward, Mr. Wu Bingxiao died at 10:00 pm on May 5, 2021, at the age of 90, may Wu Taiji be passed on from generation to generation. I also understand why my classmates treat others with leniency and low-key style, which is inseparable from good family style.