In The Famous Work of Being and Time, Heidegger uses unique philosophical terms to describe and judge the sinking of people in daily life. In questioning existence, Heidegger first distinguishes between the question of "being" and "being", and on this basis leads to the "existence" of "here and now", that is, the existence of man. In his view, only man is the only being in his existence who can comprehend his existence. On this basis, Heidegger discusses the specific manifestations of "this-in" in various states of existence, and analyzes two ways in which people live in the world, namely: "co-existence" (the way of dealing with people around him) and "mixing" (the way of dealing with external things); It introduces the concepts of "old and ordinary people" and "ordinary people", and analyzes the "sinking and being thrown away" in daily life. Heidegger attributed the different situations that arise when dealing with others and external objects in this "here and now" to two different beings, which are what we call authenticity and depravity.
This is in one- sinking, alienating
Heidegger discusses the state of decay in everyday life and watches over the truth in this state of decay. He believes that man is born in the binary choice of the voice of others and the return of conscience, and that human activities in real life must be subject to the constraints of social laws and moral laws, which is a kind of "non-authentic" existence. Since man's whole life basically lives in this "unreal" state of existence, he will lose his voice as the "original self", and this code of behavior or way is, in Heidegger's view, the "sinking" of man. People who live according to their true selves in real life will be lonely, and in real life, almost no one is willing to play a lonely role, so people often reject this "true self" voice and are willing to "sink". In the sinking, the existence of the individual is replaced by "coexistence with ordinary people", and the sinking of ordinary people tempts every "here and now" to join in, and in this way constantly stabilizes and consolidates the sinking of "in the world".
In the current society, each of us will encounter a time when we have to bow to society or the rules in which we are immersed, and if we insist on acting according to our true will, we will be abandoned by society or have to endure a lot of pressure to live our lives, which is why people are willing to sink or have to sink, but we can't take it as the reason why we should sink. Because there are many times when we sink against our own wishes, it is the authentic performance that makes us more clear. Therefore, many people are attached to tradition but eager to realize their self-worth in modern society, and this ambivalence makes them fall into confusion at the critical point of falling into tradition and realizing themselves. Makes people anxious and restless.
In today's coexistence of life, in the modern society where the Network and media technology are so developed, it is completely dissolved in the way of existence of others: people are in the clouds, people are doing their own thing; Dissolve in the asexual "ordinary people". Ordinary people judge how literature and art are read, and how we read and judge; Even how ordinary people withdraw from the "masses", we will also withdraw; Ordinary people are angry at something, we are angry at something - it is this "ordinary person" who specifies the way of existence in our daily life, he is not any certain person, anyone is this ordinary person. As a result, this existence in itself is silently taken away by this "ordinary person".
Man is constantly present in existence, and constantly being cast aside from existence. As far as his daily life is concerned, man changes his nature of being what he is (the true state) and sinks into a "normal man" to live a life that is not his true nature, so that he is divided from himself, loses his freedom and personality, and thus enters a state of one-sex alienation. Man is increasingly held back by things and wills outside of himself, and even relish in the idea that he is living a real and concrete life. The essence is that man has become a slave to many people and things, and is repeatedly obsessed with his so-called position, superior, boss, car, house, ticket, and even the thousand possibilities he chooses at the expense of his own. At the same time as the obsession, many people feel confused, but they are also powerless. Gradually alienated by this materialized society, without knowing it. On the contrary, he is still happy to work hard for this, thinking that this is what he wants, what he should get, these houses and cars, etc., this is the realization of his self-worth. If you think so, ask yourself: Is this what I really want?
In society, everyone plans and chooses between the true and the unreal, but not everyone can do what they want. There will always be a lot of ups and downs and hardships to go through in life. For example, if you can't ask for it, there will always be many people and things that people can't let go. In today's society, people are facing more and more pressure from the outside world, such as some people are depressed and sad because they can't afford to buy a house, some people are indignant because they have not found the job they want, some people are uneven because they do not have the position that he thinks should be promoted, some people complain about the injustice and darkness of today's society because they lose their jobs because of other people's "back doors", etc. Affects the emotions of everyone in it. If you want to get rid of this status quo, you have to redeem yourself: call yourself with "conscience".
2 The Call of Conscience I - Return to Authenticity
The call of conscience is the call to oneself, the call to oneself in the form of silence, which is a nameless fear. Awaken this to become your true self. Authenticity is a state of striving to pursue one's own mind without being satisfied with external objects, and this freedom is not indulgence in doing whatever one wants. As Rousseau said, "Man is born free, but he is not in chains." And if you want to get out of this situation of being left behind, you must listen to the call of a different person. The difference between man and matter is that man is inquiring about the existence of this existence, and Heidegger has thought from the philosophical thought of the ancient Greek Hegel that the metaphysical system constructed by man has long been partial to the original meaning, that is, to regard existence as a universal concept, as a self-evident concept. This attitude and practice of existence raises the danger of treating existence as being, and people always use one person to explain another, which leads to people missing the question of the meaning of existence. Man's essence really lies in a kind of freedom, but liberation from the world is not freedom, freedom is in the adaptation, if this adaptation is adapted to a kind of existence, this kind of existence, whether it is another thing, a primitive desire, as long as it is free from existence, man will fall into another kind of shackles, which will inevitably lead to man's downfall.
Therefore, man's true freedom lies in listening to the call of existence and responding to the call of existence, so as to achieve an authentic state of existence similar to that of "self-sincerity and nature" as stated in "The Mean", and to achieve the state of "not exceeding the rules from the heart". And the true true hope to follow the existence of one's own heart is not to lose oneself, not to escape oneself, to follow the original things of human nature, and to open up one's own existence with one's own unique creation.
In Heidegger's call of conscience, it does not depend on physical voices, nor does it convey any concrete message. However, this call is clear and clear, with a definite direction, which can be understood in nature. This call does not come from superhuman power or "world conscience," but from within itself. Moreover, the one who is called by this cry is still the same here and there. So returning to authenticity is not about saving oneself through others, but about the redemption of oneself.
The call of conscience allows this to be individualized from the ordinary ideals of the public back to the individualized presences of the here and now. And no longer blindly indulge in the society of the people can not extricate themselves. There will always be many things that people cannot do and cannot do in this world, or there are many things that are difficult to let go and grumpy until death. Conscience will call us back to our true selves at this time. Let us face our own hearts and make decisions that are most in line with our own authenticity, rather than being subject to the rules and regulations of society. When we stand on the cusp of the storm, when we are defeated, when we face death, when we stand on the tip of success, when we face the departure of our loved ones... Let yourself stop struggling in these emotions, don't blindly cater to society and others and go against your true will, let yourself return to your true nature.
Heidegger's theory of the true existence and non-authentic existence of man. It shows the living conditions of people in our current society, and also gives its own solutions. As long as people live in the world, they will face destruction, alienation, and return, and eventually some people will achieve their own sublimation and some people may not return to their true selves until the end of their lives.
Therefore, whether to obey the needs of the self or to obey the vision of others; Whether to choose the true existence or to indulge in self-indulgence depends on the will of the individual. Who is acting out the truth? Who is willing to sink in? Who should be judged by traditional morality? Who are the sinners who have destroyed their dreams and lives? Whose fault is it all? Behind everything, how should the true and the sinking be divided, and where should the sword of moral judgment that is held high should stop? It's all up to you.