Hangu Pass was built during the reign of King Mu of the Western Zhou Dynasty, "because in the valley, the depths and dangers are like letters (square holes or round holes of money), so it is named." "When King Mu of Zhou rode to Kunlun Mountain to meet the Queen Mother of the West, it was from this pass. Closing the door is all about the slope, a lane in the middle, as if between the cliffs, the car is not square, the horse is not together, a mud ball can be sealed.
Guan Ling Yin Xi had not slept well for three consecutive days. Every morning in the morning, he would dream of a cloud of purple qi rolling in from the east, and the shadows of people and cattle suddenly appeared in the purple qi. Dreaming once is not unusual, three times in a row, Yin Xi's heart is a bit lost. Since he was assigned here by The King of Zhou to guard the pass ten years ago, he has always had a stomach full of resentment in his heart, and every day he goes to the high slopes of the loess to look up and scream, asks the heavens a lot of questions, and lets the questions wander in the sky.
Three years later, Yin Xi slowly got used to life here and fell in love with this wild and strong land. He asked his friend to bring a pair of Go from Luoyi, immersed himself in the vertical and horizontal crossing every day, and slowly forgot about his little broken thing to the cloud of nine clouds. Every day as the sun rises in the east, Yin Xi gets up early, stands on the city wall and looks at the four fields, sees the sky and the earth, and suddenly feels that people are small and helpless. After dancing the sword for a while, he went back to eat, then took out the Go and entertained himself, until twilight fell, and he went out again, watching the bloody slanting sun slowly enter the sea.
This morning, the sun also rose as usual, Yin Xi climbed to the far horizon as usual, and suddenly saw a cloud of purple qi rolling on the narrow official road, which was far away in the sky at first, and in an instant it was under the city, and the city gate guards had already whirred and checked, and after a while, the guards brought this purple gas up. Yin Xi fixed his eyes and saw that it was one person and one cow.
The man is an elderly man with white clothes and white hair and white eyebrows and white beard, tall and thin, mentally strong, as if smiling, his eyes are dark, and he can't see the bottom. The cow is a green cow, with an indigo blue body, shaking its head and tail.
Yin Xi stepped forward and said, who is the honorable driver and where he wants to go. The old man bent down slightly, and said softly, Old Decadent Li Er, disturb the honor order. Li Erwai is the old man, is the director of the Zhou Royal Library, exquisite learning, profound Taoism, Yin Xi has heard about it earlier, but he did not have the opportunity to see it, and now when he hears the old man report to his home, he is surprised, and he heard that this old snail has lived in the library for thirty years without leaving the library for half a step, but today he wants to go far away from the guanwai, and there will be something strange in between.
Yin Xi returned the favor, it turned out that It was Li Guan who came to visit, Yin Mou had lost a long way, and hoped to forgive the crime. Yin Mou has long heard of Li Guan's name, and he has long wanted to go to visit, but he is cumbersome and stingy. Li Er laughed, although I have never met an adult, but God has been friends for a long time. When Yin Xi heard the word Divine Intercourse, his heart was stunned, is it true that the purple qi I recently dreamed of coming east should be on this old man?
Yin Xi welcomed Li Er into the living room and sat down as guests and hosts. Yin Xi opened the door to the mountain, Director Li is out of the customs today, he is about to live in seclusion, he must leave something and go again, otherwise he will not let you out of the customs. Li Erdao, old and decaying, wrote more than 5,000 words of the Tao Te Ching, please order to appreciate. Yin Xi said, and the lower officials listened.
Li Er cleared his throat, took a sip of boiled water, and said, "Dao ke Dao, very Dao; name can be named, very famous." Nameless, the beginning of heaven and earth; named, mother of all things". "Therefore there is always no desire to see its wonders, and there is always a desire to see its tricks. The two are the same name. The same is called the Xuan, the Xuan and the Xuan, the Gate of all the Wonders."
......
A total of 5,162 words.
Li Er said that the whole hall was as silent as the early dawn of midnight, even everyone's breathing seemed to stop, the clouds above the hall were steaming, the Dao Qi was longitudinal, the sun, moon and stars were shuttling in the Dao Qi, the Phoenix Qilin was flying in the Dao Qi, and Yin Xi's spirit also seemed to be out of the blue, accompanied by the Sun Moon Stars Phoenix Qilin Singing and Dancing.
For a long time, Yin Xi returned to his senses, burst into tears, and fell to his knees at Li Ertong, the teacher taught me, and the teacher saved me. Li Er was full of kindness and said, "Life in the world, unsatisfactory things are often eight or nine, can be indistinguishable from others, and have heaven and earth in your chest, so that you can see sentient beings, see yourself, and see the moon." Paranoid in a corner, resentful of a few people, how deep can you cultivate, how much can you cultivate? The pass in your heart, like the Hangu Pass you guard, is blocked by a small piece of mud pill, so it is depressed all the time and cannot grow.
The next day, when the golden rooster first sounded, Li Er rode a green bull, went west out of Hangu Pass, and went straight to the Quicksand River.
After Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching was written, it ushered in a few interpreters.
The first is Confucius. Confucius visited Lao Tzu when he was thirty years old, and Lao Tzu said, These people you worship have been dead for a long time, and the person who knows the current affairs is Junjie. I've heard that rich people hide their money deeply, as if they had nothing. Smart people all look like fools. You are too arrogant, you have too many desires, these are not good for you, they are all faults, they have to be changed. Confucius said goodbye and told his disciples that Lao Tzu was like a dragon in the sky, and I couldn't catch him.
Confucius "could not grasp" Lao Tzu's thoughts in his early years, and in his later years he traveled around the world and experienced vicissitudes, "trembling like a dog that lost his family", he understood. He studied the I Ching, deleted the Book of Poetry, composed the Spring and Autumn Period, and at the same time understood the Tao Te Ching. The analects of the Analects/For Government begins by writing: For the sake of government and virtue, such as the North Star, dwelling in its place and the stars are common, which is the meaning of Lao Tzu's "rule by doing nothing".
The second is Han Feizi. Han Feizi wrote two articles, "Xie Lao" and "Yu Lao". The "Xie Lao" is an outline that tells the essence of the Virtue (Attainment) Tao, virtue is the inner practice, and it must be taken externally (the Tao Te Ching unearthed by Ma Wangdui, the De Jing is in the front, the Dao Jing is after, and the Tao Te Ching is actually the De Dao Sutra, the De Tong De, that is, the scripture on how to attain the Tao). "Yu Lao" is a case, Han Feizi used twenty-five historical stories and folklore to interpret the eight chapters of the Dejing and the four chapters of the Daojing respectively, so that the Tao Te Ching had a practical mode.
The third is Zhuangzi. Zhuangzi gave Lao Tzu's "Tao" a profound and simple interpretation of the magnificent and beautiful interpretation. Lu Xun praised: Zhuangzi's article is rich in imagination and magnificent. Its writing is unbridled, magnificent and devious, and it is a model of the articles of the pre-Qin dynasty. Its structure is very peculiar, it does not look strict, it often comes out of nowhere, it does what it wants, it stops what it wants, it changes for no reason, sometimes it seems unrelated, it jumps and falls arbitrarily, but the thought can run through a line. The sentence pattern is also rich in variation, either smooth or inverted, long or short, more vocabulary rich, meticulous description, and often irregular rhyme, appearing extremely expressive, extremely original, with high literary value, representing the highest achievement of pre-Qin prose.
The interpretation of the Tao Te Ching requires the interpreter to possess three qualities at the same time, one of which is indispensable.
First, there is an extremely rich reserve of knowledge. Lao Tzu worked as a curator in the Chu State Library when he was young, and after the age of forty, he came to Luoyang, the capital of Wang, and worked as a curator in the royal library. There are many ancient classics of the Chinese nation, the vast majority of which have not been handed down, and the books we now know such as the Classic of Mountains and Seas, the Book of I Ching, the Book of Poetry, the Three Graves, and the Five Classics are the relics of the classics. Lao Tzu worked as a librarian all his life, read tianliang books, accepted tianliang information, and became the most knowledgeable person at that time. In his later years, he wrote five thousand words in his lifetime.
Therefore, if you want to interpret Lao Tzu, the first condition is to "read ten thousand books."
Second, extremely rich life experience. Lao Tzu and Confucius, Shakyamuni, Plato and others lived in the same era, their ideas are very similar in many places, the famous scholar Zhu Dake said in the "Ancient Chinese Myths" that they are all enlightened, and the enlightenment is the same Tao. It is certain from the records of the Classic of Mountains and Seas that the tribes of the whole earth at that time were communicating with each other, and the phenomenon of polar day and night was recorded in the book, as well as the corn in South America. Therefore, Lao Tzu had read many foreign texts at that time. In real history, King Mu of Zhou once visited the Queen Mother of the West in kunlun Mountains, a tribal chief of a matriarchal clan in the Western Regions. The Xia Dynasty and Shang Dynasties before the Zhou Dynasty were all nomadic fishing and hunting peoples, and they were likely to go further, and now american Indian tribes can find a lot of cultural information close to the Shang Dynasty.
Therefore, if you want to interpret Lao Tzu, the second condition is to "walk a thousand miles."
Third, an extremely rich personal experience. Lao Tzu only wrote a book at the age of eighty, and wrote five thousand words in his lifetime, or wrote it under the condition of "forced to do it", and he would not let him go without writing. Comparable to him is Confucius, who never wrote a single word in his life, "to speak but not to do." In his later years, he itched his hands, deleted poetry books, changed the Spring and Autumn Period, and studied the I Ching, that is, he did not write his own things. In the words of the Buddhist scriptures, the only way of heaven is the only one, and when you open your mouth, you lose it. The first sentence of the Tao Te Ching is, "The Tao is the Tao, the Tao." Saying it is not the way you think.
Therefore, if you want to interpret Lao Tzu, the third condition is age. The age should be older, and it should be the same age as Lao Tzu, so that it can resonate with Lao Tzu and interpret the Tao Te Ching, which is closer to Lao Tzu's original intention.
For 2,500 years, this interpreter has not appeared due to the limitations of the times, but now that he has it, he is mr. Yu Qiuyu, a famous prose master.
Mr. Yu Qiuyu's family is very knowledgeable, intelligent and studious since childhood, and at the age of twenty, he hid in the deep mountain library and read the classics of various families. More than thirty years ago, the collection of historical and cultural essays he wrote in the walking of the rivers and mountains of his motherland, "Cultural Journey", created a generation of literary styles, and a piece of paper is popular to this day, becoming the traditional cultural enlightenment reading of generations. More than two decades ago, he traveled to the important sites of ancient civilizations around the world and nearly 100 cities in Europe, gained an external perspective on Chinese culture, and became the only humanist in the world who has completed all of the on-site cultural exploration. More than a decade ago, he was invited to explain Chinese culture in speeches at the United Nations Headquarters, the Library of Congress, Harvard University and other international arenas, which received great response. In his decades of writing career, he has continued to sort out Chinese culture from the dimensions of space, time, personality, aesthetics, philosophy, etc., and completed a Chinese cultural cognitive system with a complete framework and a clear point of view. His text, which is both rational and contagious, builds a bridge between difficult learning and a wide range of readers.
In recent years, Mr. Yu Qiuyu is more than a rare person, still working tirelessly, concentrating on the most difficult ancient texts in traditional Chinese culture, on the one hand, to conduct in-depth research at the academic level, on the other hand, to devote himself to presenting ancient classics to contemporary readers in an easy-to-understand way.
Mr. Yan Ke, a famous researcher of the Classic of Mountains and Seas, once said that doing scholarship "such as accumulating wages" is "the latecomers are on top" . In Newton's words, the masters were children who stepped on the shoulders of giants to pick up shells. Although the interpreters of the Tao Te Ching before Mr. Yu Qiuyu were not lacking in outstanding talents, they were trapped by the times, could not understand the external civilization, and could not integrate the world culture, so the interpretation of the "Tao Te Ching" was not satisfactory. Mr. Yu Qiuyu was blessed with the fact that he became the child who picked up shells.
The "General Interpretation of Lao Tzu" is a huge systematic cultural project. This "pass" includes the following six indicators: First, the entire contents of the eighty-one chapters are described in general. Second, analyze the internal logic of each chapter and section. Third, look at the similarities and differences in thinking between more than two thousand years. Fourth, synaesthesia between the original text and the literary charm of the translation. Fifth, general discussion on the consensus and differences of researchers over the generations. Sixth, through the examination of various versions of the gap and correction. After a little thought, you can know how many dangerous cliffs and deep ravines and long and arduous roads will be in the meantime, but fortunately, Mr. Yu Qiuyu has finally come down.
The General Interpretation of Lao Tzu is an academic work that includes a large number of difficult expositions, but on the whole Mr. Yu Qiuyu is written in prose. He wanted to maintain a smooth spirituality between boring theory and examination. He believed that only by bringing about the convergence of contemporary life could the millennium text be nourished.
The General Interpretation of Lao Tzu follows the following three principles: First, try to approach the original intention and maintain a high degree of academic rigor. Second, echo the literary charm of Lao Tzu and give play to the aesthetic function of modern prose in the rhythm of language. Third, wash away the pedantic and entangled research habits, so that the majority of readers can be pleasantly accepted.
If you want to understand Lao Tzu, buy a copy of "Lao Tzu's General Interpretation" and go home and look at it. Click on the link below to purchase directly.
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Lao Tzu Tongshi (Yu Qiuyu speaks of the Tao Te Ching) ¥68 purchase