Huang Jingren, also known as Zhongze, was a descendant of Huang Tingjian and a poet of the mid-Qing Dynasty.
Look at this name alone, or unfamiliar, but if you have watched the TV series "Ji Xiaolan" people may know that there is a lyric in the theme song "a hundred useless is a student", many people also use this sentence as a joke and self-deprecating, and the original author of this poem is Huang Jingren.
A reader, a student, but issued a "useless" indignation, a lifetime of sleep, wandering and displacement, it is enough to imagine.
It is true that throughout Huang Jingren I, in just thirty-five years, he was a young man and a lonely man, and although he had amazing talents, he fell into a state of distress after his short-lived youth and fame, never lifted his life, sank into his subordinates, and died in a state of distress.
But even so, Huang Jingren has the typical madness of ancient literati, his personality is stubborn and wild, and he is lonely and conceited. He rubbed all the things he saw and felt in his life into poetry, and he rarely had words of praise for the world, and the poems he composed were mostly poor and sad, lonely and miserable, and it was precisely these low and sentimental works that represented Huang Jingren's poetic achievements. As Uddhav said:
If you want to seek some poems with a poetic temperament among the poets of the two generations of Qianjia, which have a painful language and bitter words, it is naturally none other than Huang Zhong.
Huang Jingren's achievements in his life are all in poetry, the poetry of the middle of the Qing Dynasty is clear, the Changzhou poetry school is followed by countless followers, with Hong Liangji and Huang Jingren as the core of the "Seven Sons of Biling" is one of the leaders, and Huang Jingren's achievements, when the number first. Bao Shichen commented on Huang Jingren in the "Four Techniques of QiMin":
Sexual arrogance, informality. Not only is he broad and well-read, but he is full of the aspirations of the world, and when he sees the filthy and obscene, he makes the wine sound and laughs, and he laughs and insults, and he starts in poetry. The poem is deep and stable, and although the reader admires it, it does not specify where its meaning belongs. Claiming to be noisy for a while, during the sixty years of Qianlong, the commentators pushed the poets to be the first.
Yuan Ming called him "Li Bai at that time", and Zhang Weiping even promoted him as a xiancai:
Fu is a genius, fu is a fairy, since the ancient generation of few people, nearly more than a hundred years, its only Huang Zhong.
What makes people sigh is that whether at this time or at that time, Huang Jingren's poetry name always covers the name of the person, a talent, but still spends his life in a drifting and falling, "nine out of ten people can be white-eyed, useless is a student", is Huang Jingren's self-deprecation, but also his most helpless reconciliation with that era.
According to the Annals of Mr. Huang Zhongze, in 1749, Huang Jingren was born in the Gaochun School Bureau. Father's Fang, county student; grandfather Dale, county school teaching; great-grandfather Xiaolong, who once practiced Salang; more than twenty generations ago, his ancestors can also be traced back to Huang Tingjian, Huang Jingren once self-proclaimed the title of "Valley Poetry Sun", which means that he is a descendant of Huang Tingjian.
For this statement, Hong Liangji confirmed it in the "Candidate County Chengfu Supervisor Huang Junxing":
Jun zhen jingren, the word Han Yong, a word Zhongze. He was the secretary of the Northern Song Dynasty. When he crossed from the Song Dynasty, he moved from Poyang to Wujin and became a Wujin person.
After the famous poet, Huang Jingren showed an amazing talent for poetry at a young age, and at the age of 9, he was famous for his poetry, and at the age of 15, the poetry was already unique, and the poems of that period were included in his "Two DangXuan Collection":
I didn't feel the felt stove warm, and the citrus wine was new. The pond platform is flat at night, and the wilderness is faint with spring. The outside of the thing is happy, and the wind is in front of the body. The middle of the night feels like a dream, and the ice and snow are still rugged. - "Early Spring"
Little talent, out of the crowd seems to be a matter of the day, the rest of his life is full of hope, the road of life seems to be a smooth river, but Huang Jingren's youth, but there are many difficulties.
When he was 4 years old, his father Huang Zhijian died; when he was 11, his grandfather Huang Xiaolong also died of illness; at the age of 15, his brother Huang Gengling also died darkly.
Before he was a minor, he was already alone in the world, living a solitary life.
At that time, he studied at Longcheng Academy, and later the famous classmates were Hong Liangji, Sun Xingyan, Zuo Fu, Yang Lun and others, and among these students, the most popular among the teachers were him and Hong Liangji, who were called "Erjun" by the teacher Mr. Shao, and the two participated in the boy test together, Huang Jingren came out on top, and the local county order and the governor of the prefecture were green-eyed, thinking that he was just around the corner.
But no one could have predicted that Huang Jingren, who was young and rich and talented, and who was a literary talent, would not have the opportunity to raise a son in his lifetime.
Huang Jingren, who was more than ten years old, in addition to studying and studying, also traveled around the world to make a living to support his mother, which is recorded in the "Qing History Manuscript Huang Jingren's Biography":
Later, the mother and the old guest traveled around and looked for the bucket as a support.
He roamed Jiangsu and Zhejiang, all over Hangzhou, Huizhou, Yangzhou, Changzhou and other places, while waiting for the township test, while making money to make a living, at this time Huang Jingren was full of enthusiasm and ambition, he visited "Jing Ke Hometown", looking for "Lianpo Tomb", he hung in front of "Taibai Tomb":
Shu Fa read junshi, and now come to exhibit the tomb of jun. The breeze is sprinkled on the river, and I want to send a little admiration for it. ......
At the end, it is even more pronounced with "Who is not a public teacher of my teacher", as if he were a Li Baimen.
He especially admired Xiang Yu, he was proud, perhaps also from the pursuit of the Chu King, he wrote "Wujiang Hanging Xiangyu", "Dong'a Xiangyu Tomb", "Wujiang Xiangyu King Temple", the heroic courage of his youth can be seen.
As mentioned earlier, the imperial examination was not friendly to Huang Jingren, and in five years, he participated in the township examination three times, but failed to pass.
In order to make a living, they had to travel from place to place to earn a living on the meager income of their staff.
At the end of 1771, Anhui Xuezheng Zhu Yun recruited the world's heroes, and Huang Jingren, who was in his early twenties, was full of vigor and entered the Anhui Xuezheng curtain, and his friend Hong Liangji was also among them.
At that time, Zhu Yun was particularly interested in classics and philology, and attached great importance to Huang Jingren, so he persuaded Huang Jingren to study scriptures, and Huang Jingren was particularly grateful for this, and he had a sentence in the poem "Mr. Shangzhu Jinghe":
Tempt me to say something like a rapture, and be grateful for the fact that it is really zero.
But Huang Jingrenzhi was not here, and after trying to achieve nothing, he had to give up:
Envy Junle accident park new, ask words to talk about the scriptures are big people. On this day, the crowd pushed the corners, and he waited in the temple for the year. Cure hunger words less pity to the ugly, persuade the words to wen Jian Erzhen. Feeling that he was not able to finally give up, Jiang Tan fell and sent a groan. - "Send Rong Fu Back to The Inside"
Although Huang Jingren did not have much achievement in classics, he was very outstanding in poetics, and in the thirty-seventh year of Qianlong, Zhu Yun organized a poetry pen meeting to make the little famous Huang Jingren famous overnight.
It is recorded in Hong Liangji's "Zhongze Xingzhi": In the spring of March, the wind and the sun are warm, and the poets gather in the Taibai Building, drinking and giving poetry, so it is not lively! (Huang Jingren) is the youngest, wearing a white robe, standing in the shadow of the sun, hundreds of words in an instant, looking at the guests, sitting guests xian xian pen.
This incident is also recorded in the "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty and the Biography of Huang Jingren":
Shangmi repairs, fushi Taibailou. Jing Ren is the youngest, and in the shadow of the sun, he is instantly carved into hundreds of words, and he sits on the pen and drops out of the pen.
Among the crowd, Huang Jingren, dressed in white, has a too white demeanor, and a song "Mr. Huanghe and his banquet in the TaibaiLou drunken song" can be described as a sprinkling, which makes people marvel:
The red light came from the sea and opened upstairs according to my feast. The pouring of green wine has suddenly returned, and the immortals in the building are in the house! Who Immortals Building Hundred Feet, Emperor Fuzi of the River Article. The wind is like a person in the building, and this guest has been a guest for thousands of years. It is the clouds on the Ri River that open, and the Heaven's Gate lightly sweeps the double eyebrows. ...... Gao Hui inscribed the poem at the top, and the name is not dead heavy hill. Please throw the scroll of poetry into the river and do not flow in the east direction of the river.
At this time, the 'White Dragon Boy' Huang Zhongze, just like Wang Bo's impromptu "Preface to the Pavilion of the King of Teng", was known as the 'Immortal Among the People', which was also the most comfortable moment in his life. Poetry is full of talent, flowing and free, like Li Bai's rebirth.
In his twenties, he became famous overnight, and At this time, Huang Jingren was inevitably arrogant, but looking back at this improvisational work, can it really be compared to Wang Bo and Li Bai, perhaps not necessarily.
I think an important reason why Huang Jingren can be so brilliant is that very few of these high talents in Zhu Jun's curtain have made some efforts in poetics, and it just so happens that Huang is the best at comparing with those people in this regard, so Huang has become the most eye-catching one in the crowd on this special occasion. Coupled with the fact that many people have copied it, the public opinion momentum can be said to be extreme, which can make Huang Jingren famous for a while.
Huang Jingren, whose reputation is gradually rising, does not get too much preferential treatment as imagined in Zhu Jun's curtain, as mentioned earlier, Zhu Jingren prefers scripture and does not attach much importance to poetry, which also makes Huang Jingren not so good at staying, thinking about his reputation, but now he is in a mess, under the imbalance, less than two years, Huang Jingren resigned and went home, looking for another opportunity.
But when he was young, he knew that the world was difficult, Huang Jingren went to various shogunates, but he did not achieve anything, during that period, Huang Jingren also doubted himself, writing poetry can only cultivate temperament, but it is difficult to maintain his livelihood, two years later, Huang Jingren returned to Beijing to join Zhu Jun.
Zhu Yun was also generous and did not pursue it, but instead proposed that Huang Jingren participate in the compilation of the "Four Libraries of the Whole Book", with a low salary, but also a stable income.
In 1776, after the defeat of the township examination, Huang Jingren was summoned by the Qianlong Emperor to the east, took the second class, was given the second horse satin, served as the official of the Wuying Temple, and served as the lord of Bo, after which Huang Jingren also had a slight improvement in the capital.
Huang Jingren lived in the capital for a period of time, his heart was extremely inflated, and he had to say that his good friend Hong Liangji.
Huang Jingren insisted on bringing his family from his hometown to the capital to live, but Hong Liangji advised him that the income to maintain his livelihood was acceptable, and it would be difficult to manage the family's food and clothing, but Huang Jingren did not listen, and Hong Liangji had to hire someone to send Huang Jingren's mother to the capital at his own expense.
As Hong Liangji said, in the next two years, Huang Jingren's family had a very difficult time in the capital, and he wrote in "Dumen Qiusi":
The sound of the five drama cars is faintly thunderous, and the north is only able to see a thousand piles of tombs. The sunset persuades the guests to go upstairs, and the mountain color will come around guo in autumn. Cold even more without repairing bamboo leaning, worried about buying poplar plants. The whole family was in the wind, and September's clothes were not cut.
Two years later, Hong Liangji also went to the capital, saw his old friend's embarrassed appearance, and then persuaded him to send his family back to his hometown. On the occasion of saying goodbye to the old mother, a song "Farewell to the Old Mother" wrote about the sorrow and helplessness of life:
Pray to the mother river beam, white hair sad to see tears withered eyes. On the night of the tragic firewood, it is better to have a son than nothing.
On the night of the snow and wind, he lifted the curtain and reluctantly bid farewell to his mother, full of sorrow, unable to fulfill filial piety around his mother, but he had to hide the firewood door and leave miserably, and the sigh at that moment had only one word to describe: What is the use of raising such a son, it is better not to have it.
Watching his old mother stagger away, he can't do anything, who can understand such a state of mind, who can let go!
Also that year, he took the township exam for the sixth time, but he still did not win.
His career is hopeless, his origin is unknown, and it is difficult to provide for his mother, and Huang Jingren has suffered a lot of blows.
After experiencing the ups and downs of life, the talented Huang Jingren also seems to see the fact that he is "useless", but he still has a soul that does not bow his head.
At this time, Huang Jingren was already in debt and had no hope of a career.
He was reduced to going to ask for food with a group of dramatists, but even Huang Jingren, who wanted to eat, was graceful, standing among ordinary people like a flock of chickens, and people were vying to associate with Huang Jingren, but he turned a blind eye. People often see Huang Jingren, dressed up on the red stage, singing and crying, laughing and laughing, and there is no one around.
As mentioned earlier, Huang Jingren has a good friend, whose friendship is quite deep, and Hong Liangji, who is in Xi'an, spares no effort to recommend him and asks for five hundred gold for him.
Huang Jingren, who got a huge amount of money, but bent on buying officials to enter the army, the Qing Dynasty has a system, this move is called "donating officials", before "donating officials", you need to get rid of your current position, and later Huang Jingren's bamboo basket is empty, and he did not wait for the new position, the old post also fell, and the huge amount owed earlier was unable to repay.
Forced to be helpless, Huang Jingren fell out of Beijing and ran away. A song called "Miscellaneous Feelings" tells of his anger and anger:
The Immortal Buddha is vast and has not yet achieved two things, and only knows that the night is not peaceful. The wind is full of sad songs, and the mud is stained with Bo Xingming. Nine out of ten people are white-eyed, and none of them are bookworms. Moyn's poems are written in sorrow, and spring birds and autumn insects make their own sounds.
This poem is written very bitterly, and after seeing it, my friend Hong Liangji felt that it was not an auspicious omen to write such a poem:
If you don't have the heart to write a poem of decay, it is not a good omen... Yu You Huang Junzhongze, Fang Shengnian, suddenly composed a poem cloud: 'The vast days are like the sea, sending words to Xi and fast whipping', Yu Stealing worries.....
Sure enough, when Hong Liangji "rode on a horse and walked four times a day" arrived, "and the jun was too late to wait."
Huang Jingren, 35 years old, died of illness in hedong salt transport envoy Shen Yefu mansion.
Yuan Mei heard the news of Huang Jingren's death and specially wrote a poem "Crying Huang Zhongze" to mourn:
Sighing Qingcai generation empty, Xinlai Jiangxia lost the yellow child. Amorous is really a loss of youth, lustful who is like "National Wind"? The fragrance of the half-tree Buddha flowers is easy to disperse, and the nine-year immortal rhyme is difficult to end. Three thousand sad pearls and jade songs, left to sing "Annoying Gong" with the human world.
The front of the poor is poor, and the back is very gorgeous.
In just 35 years, Huang Jingren showed his unique poetic talent, and Zhao Xihuan wrote in the seventh poem of "The Twilight of the Year":
The seven sons of Viling, who are the first, look at the altar of the empty knot. Envy the fairy puppet game, fluttering into Chang'an.
Here it is clear that the first of the "Seven Sons of Biling" is Huang Jingren, and Yuan Jie also thinks so in the "Poetry of Lizhuang": "Changzhou poets, huang Zhongze Jingren is the most." The person who gave Huang such a high evaluation also had Tan Xian: "Reading Huang Zhong's two Xuan poems, the genius is both super, the style is dignified, the anger is far out and the zeal is in the ancient times, and there is no second hand at that time." ”
But for Huang Jingren himself, he originally had the opportunity to succeed in his career, Zhu Yun loved to learn the scriptures, if he did what he liked, he might have a completely different situation, but he devoted his life to poetry, and after a short period of sharpness, he fell into an endless state of distress, and he once wrote a poem on a Chinese New Year's Eve night, watching his children laughing and playing:
Every year this evening groans, children snicker in front of the lamp. Ru Zhiwu repented of himself and wasted his heart and efforts to become a poet. - "The Chinese New Year's Eve Of The Occasional"
At that moment, he seemed to regret that the literati path he had chosen had led his life in a more difficult and lonely direction.