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Modern Express News In May 2021, Modern Express launched the "I am a red cultural volunteer" activity. As an important part of party history study and education, 30 young journalists served as "red cultural volunteers" and walked into 30 red venues in Jiangsu to study party history and serve as explainers. On September 17, a modern Express reporter walked into the Maoshan New Fourth Army Memorial Hall to give a volunteer explanation, taking the visitors to review the history of the anti-Japanese struggle in Maoshan, continuing the spirit of the War of Resistance, and strengthening the rejuvenation force.
△ Maoshan New Fourth Army Memorial Hall
The athletes of the eight provinces converge into an anti-Japanese iron stream
"The athletes of the eight provinces converge into an iron stream of anti-Japanese resistance, marching eastward and eastward, we are the new fourth army of iron..." This is the lyrics of the "New Fourth Army Military Song" and the true portrayal of the new fourth army's bloody struggle in the land of southern Jiangsu. On September 17, 2021, in the Maoshan New Fourth Army Memorial Hall, starting from this song, the Modern Express reporter took the visitors into that glorious period.
△ The sculpture in the museum reproduces the scene of the New Fourth Army fighting bloodily in southern Jiangsu
At the entrance of the exhibition hall, the historical materials related to the Lugou Bridge Incident on July 7, 1937 are displayed, followed by the main map of the Japanese invasion of Shanghai at the Battle of Songhu and the sequence of chinese troops' operations. After the fall of Shanghai in November 1937, changshu, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Nanjing and other cities in southern Jiangsu fell in just one month. On the frontal battlefield, the Kuomintang army was gradually defeated and retreated, and wherever the Iron Hooves of the Japanese Army went, it was bloody and tragic.
At this time of national crisis, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party began a second cooperation. After the main force of the Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army in August 1937, the Red Army guerrillas in the eight southern provinces were reorganized into the New Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army in October 1937.
In the summer of 1938, the advance detachments of the New Fourth Army and the 1st and 2nd detachments were ordered by the CPC Central Committee to set out from southern Anhui and march east into Maoshan.
Insert a sharp knife into the heart of the enemy
In April 1938, in his famous essay "Strategic Issues of The Anti-Japanese Guerrilla War", Mao Zedong listed the anti-Japanese base area in southern Jiangsu centered on Maoshan as one of the six major mountainous anti-Japanese base areas in the country, and clearly pointed out that "this will be the place where the anti-Japanese guerrilla war can be supported for a long time and an important fortress of the War of Resistance Against Japan."
"There are so many cities in southern Jiangsu, why did you choose Maoshan as the center?" A visitor asked the Modern Express reporter.
"Let's look at the map." The reporter further explained to the map that the geographical location of Maoshan is very important, bordering Nanjing in the west, the Yangtze River in the north, Songhu in the east, and Zhejiang in the south, "establishing a base area here is equivalent to 'inserting a sharp knife in the heart of the enemy'."
△ Weigang battle scene reproduced
On June 17, 1938, Su Yu, commander of the advance detachment of the New Fourth Army, led his troops to ambush the transport convoy of the 5th Brigade of the Japanese Field Heavy Artillery Regiment at the Weigang Gaoli Mountain Pass in southwest of Zhenjiang, and fought fiercely for half an hour, killing 15 Japanese troops, wounding more than 10 enemy soldiers, and destroying 4 cars. Wei gang's victory in the first battle broke the so-called myth of the Japanese army's "invincibility," greatly boosted the sentiment of the broad masses of the people in the war of resistance, and strengthened their confidence in the victory of the war of resistance.
After the victory of the New Fourth Army in the first battle of Weigang, the soldiers put the captured items on display in a local ancestral hall, and the surrounding masses rushed to visit, and the news of the New Fourth Army's victory in the battle soon spread throughout southern Jiangsu. Many visitors were very interested in the Japanese booty captured by the New Fourth Army in the venue, "This was a Japanese silver dollar at that time, right?" "I know this, the Type 38 rifle, commonly known as the 38 Big Cover."
During the explanation, the Modern Express reporter also recited for everyone the congratulatory poem written by Commander Chen Yi after learning of the good news of victory: The flag of the homeland went to Jiangnan and cried out in fear all night. Zhenjiang City was first encountered, and he cut off Xiao Loulan.
In the months after the first battle of Weigang, the New Fourth Army fought hundreds of battles, large and small. The scale of these battles is not huge, but through continuous attacks, plagues the enemy, and depletes the enemy's living forces, the pressure on the frontal battlefield is reduced, and the central China and the whole country are strategically strongly supported and coordinated with the War of Resistance.
The "Three Gu Maolu" opened up a new situation in united front work
In the Maoshan New Fourth Army Memorial Hall, there is a painting called "Chen Yi Gives Way", which tells a story of loving the people and being close to the people. In 1938, Chen Yi went to Gaochun to inspect, and when he met an old farmer with a heavy burden on his shoulders, he took off his shoes and put them in his hands, and preemptively went down to the field to give way, which was a good story for a while.
△ Painting "Chen Yi Gives Way"
When the New Fourth Army first arrived in southern Jiangsu, it strictly observed iron discipline in its life and narrowed the distance between it and the masses. The fighters strictly implement the "three noes" policy: no slaving, no payment, no disturbance to the people, and safeguard the interests of the masses everywhere. "When the masses were afraid of the enemy's retaliation and did not dare to lend houses to the troops, the soldiers slept under the eaves of the village." As the Modern Express reporter explained the guide, the visitors gathered in front of a photo.
One visitor said: "I used to watch TV dramas on the theme of the War of Resistance, and there were scenes of soldiers helping peasants pick up burdens and not accepting eggs sent by villagers. Today, I came here to visit, saw so many historical materials, really felt the water conditions of the military and the people, and really won the hearts and minds of the people. ”
△ Chen Yi visited Ji Zhengang to reproduce the scene
There is also a statue in the museum, recreating the scene of Chen Yi's visit to Ji Zhengang in June 1938. Ji Zhengang is the manager of Maoshan local power faction, national capitalist, and Maolu Company. Chen Yi "looked at Maolu three times" and put his heart and soul into Ji Zhengang's united front work, and finally won Ji Zhengang's contribution to the War of Resistance, thus opening up the situation of united front work in the Maoshan area.
Chen Yi once sighed: "China's military strength is weaker than Japan's strength, but China's military strength plus China's civilian strength greatly exceeds Japan's military strength, so China's military-civilian cooperation can defeat Japanese bandits." ”
Moving east and then north, the spirit of the Iron Army is passed down from generation to generation
After the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression entered a stalemate stage, the Japanese army increased its troops to strengthen the occupation of the dot line in southern Jiangsu, and frequently carried out "sweeps" of the New Fourth Army and the anti-Japanese armed forces. In February 1939, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China established the strategic principle of "consolidating to the south, fighting to the east, and developing to the north" for the New Fourth Army. From 1939 to 1940, the New Fourth Army in southern Jiangsu relied on the Maoshan base area to fight to the east, and then crossed the river to the north, completing the task of opening up the east road and the anti-Japanese base area in central Jiangsu.
According to incomplete statistics, the military and civilians of southern Jiangsu resisted and pinned down more than 100,000 troops of the Japanese puppet army behind enemy lines. 50,000 sons and daughters of southern Jiangsu joined the New Fourth Army, and more than 7,000 people died in the land of Maoshan.
△ Monument to the Victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in Southern Jiangsu
The struggle between the military and the people of southern Jiangsu has fundamentally broken the plan of Japanese imperialism to turn the southern Jiangsu region into a base for controlling China with China and raising war with war, thus establishing immortal meritorious deeds for winning the final victory in the War of Resistance in central China and even the whole country and winning China's first complete victory against foreign invasion in modern times.
"In Maoshan, you can more deeply understand what is the spirit of the Iron Army." Iron discipline and iron style are also what we must inherit now, loyalty to the party, and the courage to take responsibility. After listening to the explanation, the visitor, Mr. Li, a member of the Communist Party, encouraged the Modern Express reporter to say: "Young people explain well, study more, and spread the stories and spirit of their predecessors." ”
Reporter's Note: Tell a good red story, always on the road
What is explained is the exhibits, and what is inherited is the spirit. Sun Zhijun, director of the Maoshan New Fourth Army Memorial Hall, said: "This year marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, a century-old party history, magnificent waves, red initial heart, enduring, history is the best textbook, but also the best sobering agent." ”
This volunteer explanation, Qian Wei, the docent of the Maoshan New Fourth Army Memorial Hall, gave me great help. She is a native of Maoshan and has been a docent for 7 years. She said that the secret to doing a good job of explaining is nothing more than four words - learning is endless. I think so.
In the process of preparing the explanatory speech, I also learned more and more about the history of the New Fourth Army's anti-Japanese struggle in Maoshan. The revolutionary martyrs strengthened their convictions and staged a victory of the Jedi counterattack, like tearing away the fire of darkness and illuminating the way forward. Today, this light still warms every heart that yearns for a peaceful and happy life.
Study the history of the Party and remember the original intention. In the future, in addition to news interviews and reports, I will continue to learn to be a red culture volunteer and tell more red stories.
Modern Express +/zaker Nanjing reporter Wu Yanran/Wen Zhengrui/Photo