The Chenghan State, which arose in shu, was the only state among the Sixteen Kingdoms to establish a divided regime in the south. Beginning with Li Xiong's self-proclaimed title of King of Chengdu in 304 AD, after five emperors and 43 years of Guozuo, he was defeated by the Eastern Jin general Huan Wen in 347.
Map of the basic territory of Chenghan
In the eighth year of the Western Jin Dynasty (297 AD), a great famine broke out in Guanzhong, and more than 100,000 displaced people from the six counties of Guanzhong were forced to leave their hometowns and pour into the relatively rich Shu land at that time. There is such a clan among the displaced people, who is very enthusiastic to help take care of the old, the weak, the sick and the disabled, and even wins the hearts of the people. This clan is the Baqi people Li Te, Li Liu brothers and others.
After Li Te, Li Liu brothers and others entered Yizhou, they were quite famous for their martial arts, and were reused by Zhao Liao, the assassin of Yizhou, but Zhao Liao was really a mediocre talent, and although he was alone in Yizhou, he was jealous that Xian could dig his own grave. Li Te's third brother Li Yuxiao was brave and good at war, and quite talented, but Zhao Liao was jealous of him, coupled with the incitement of the people around him, taking advantage of the fact that Li Te and Li Liu were leading the troops outside, he found an excuse to deliberately plot rebellion and rebel against Li Liu to kill Li Li, and the key was to send people to give the corpses to Li Te and Li Liu, so that they could rest assured that they had nothing to do with them and continue to lead the troops to guard the outside town.
Zhao Liao's practice can make Li Te and Li Liu angry, is this not a typical "nonsense". Immediately, the army began to kill Mianzhu. Zhao Liao sent his general Fei Yuan to meet the battle, but his own henchmen killed each other, and their internal strength was greatly weakened, resulting in Li Te and Li Liu defeating Fei Yuan and taking Chengdu. Zhao Was eventually killed by his men.
After Li Te occupied Chengdu, he sent people to report Zhao Liao's crimes to the Western Jin Dynasty, and the imperial court appointed Luo Shang as the Assassin of Yizhou. In the early days, Luo and Li were able to get along peacefully and without incident, but Luo Shang's mission into Shudi was to repatriate a large number of displaced people, and then sent 30,000 horses to sneak into the camp of displaced people, but Li Te and others were defensive and defeated Luo Shang, and Li Te's army based on the displaced people took advantage of the momentum of victory and soon captured Guanghan. Luo Shang was defeated by Li Te's successive attacks, and had to confront Li Te.
Litt
In the second year of Emperor Tai'an of the Jin Dynasty (303 AD), Li Te crossed the river and defeated Luo Shang and captured Shu County, and Luo Shang asked Li Te for peace. Li Te believed that Shuzhong had been decided, so he scattered the displaced people from the six counties to various places. Li Liu pointed out: "We have just obtained these places, and the people's hearts have not yet stabilized, and now we should gather troops in one place, just in case of accidents, and we must not disperse the troops." Li Xiong, the son of Li Liu, also agreed with this view. However, Li Te misestimated the situation and refused to accept the suggestions of Li Liu and others. Soon after, Luo Shang received reinforcements from Jingzhou and other places, and taking advantage of the fact that Li Te's army was scattered everywhere, he led troops to raid Li Te's camp, the Jin army was strong, Li Te's army was defeated, and Li Te was killed in the rebellion. Li Liu, Li Xiong, and Li De's other son, Li Dang, retreated separately.
Li Liu and Li Xiong gathered the remaining army of displaced people and attacked Luo Shang's army, but after a great defeat, the morale of the displaced people was revived, and they took advantage of the victory to pursue the city of Chengdu, and Luo Shang closed the city gate and could not hold out. Li Dang was accidentally killed in battle. The successive deaths of Li Te and Li Dang made Li Liu feel terrified, and seeing that the reinforcements in Jingzhou were general, he actually took the advice of his brother-in-law Li Han and took his son Li Shi and Li Han's son Li Hu as hostages and prepared to surrender to the march, Li Xiong and others desperately tried to persuade them, but this plan angered Li Han's other son, Li Li, who was stationed in Zitong. Li Li approached Li Xiong to discuss remedies, and finally decided to attack the Jingzhou army in private. Li Xiong went to the camp of displaced people to encourage everyone, and attacked the Jingzhou army, repelling the Jingzhou army in the first battle, this victory made Li Liu ashamed, praising Li Xiong: "Those who rejuvenate my family, this person will also be!" Li Liu was seriously ill that year, and before he died, he handed over the major events behind his death to Li Xiong.
Map of the territory of the Heyday of the Han Dynasty
After Li Liu's death, the people elected Li Xiong as the main leader, and Li Xiong took Picheng as the capital and called himself the Great General, the Governor of Dadu, and the Pastor of Yizhou. Continue to engage Luo Shang, defeat Luo Shang, who sneaked into Picheng, and cut off Chengdu's grain routes. The isolated Luo Shang was unable to withstand Li Xiong's continuous attacks, and finally abandoned the city and fled, and Li Xiong got what he wanted to attack Chengdu. In 304, Li Xiong proclaimed himself the King of Chengdu, changed his name to Yuan Jianxing, abolished the laws of the Jin Dynasty, and re-contracted the seven chapters of the law. Inside the Jin Dynasty, because of the "Rebellion of the Eight Kings", there was no time to look around, and Shuzhong received temporary peace. Two years later, in the first year of Emperor Guangxi of Jin (306 AD), Li Xiong, who was the emperor, changed his name to Yuan Yanping and the name of the country, and he became the first person in the Sixteen Kingdoms to proclaim himself emperor.
Li Xiong