ZHANG Wei/Wen
Abstract: Lin Sanzhi, a famous poet, is a three-idiot. He is a combination of poetry, books and paintings, talented, and has a profound influence in the art world, and is called "Nanlin And Beili" with Li Zhimin. His main specialty in calligraphy is cursive, so he is known as "Grass Sage". His cursive writing is known as "Forest Body", and his famous works include "Sino-Japanese Friendship Poems". Lin Sanzhi's cursive writing not only inherits the cursive style of the "Second King", but also integrates the brushwork of the calligrapher Mi Fu, so that his calligraphy is more exquisite and the pen is more aesthetic.
Keywords: Contemporary Three Absolutes; Grass Sage; Nanlin Bei Li
There are many calligraphy works of Lin Sanzhi, the most famous of which is the "Sino-Japanese Friendship Poem", which is known as the "Divine Product" and has high artistic value. At the same time, he also has calligraphy works - Mao Zedong's "Bu Operator Yongmei", lyric work "Langtaosha Beidaihe", etc., in addition, he has also written the works of many famous poets in history, such as Meng Haoran's ancient poem "Spring Dawn", Li Bai's "Cursive Song Line" and "Night Bo Niuzhu Huaigu". His self-composed poems include "Painting Hall", "Song of the Yangtze River Bridge" and "Autumn Thoughts". He has a wide range of calligraphy works throughout his life, and his calligraphy philosophy has promoted the development of the art of cursive calligraphy in China.
The reason why Lin Sanzhi can achieve such great achievements is because he is deeply influenced by Huang Binhong, a master of Painting in China, whose attitude towards the art of calligraphy and painting is of great significance to the formation of Lin Sanzhi's calligraphy style, and he guides Lin Sanzhi to break the shackles of traditional concepts, get rid of the shackles of old theories, and form his own calligraphy style. By copying historical poems and innovating the traditional art of calligraphy, Lin Sanyi became a master of cursive writing step by step and achieved brilliant achievements.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="8" > first, Lin Sanzhi's calligraphy characteristics</h1>
Lin Sanzhi's calligraphy has its own unique artistic characteristics. The method of using pen and ink in his works influence each other, skillfully integrating the Han Dynasty's Lishu and Cursive Writing, so that the whole work shows a sense of "patience". As a contemporary calligrapher, he actively borrowed from the calligraphy style and writing techniques of the ancients, constantly reformed and innovated, and dared to get rid of the limitations of old concepts. At the same time, he also learned Wang Duo's brushwork, skillfully integrated the Han Dynasty Lishu in his creation, thus realizing innovation, and finally forming his own unique calligraphy style - Lin Ti.
After the age of 60, Lin Sanzhi began to pay attention to cursive writing and conducted in-depth exploration, thus achieving major achievements. The use of ink occupies a very important position in the creation of calligraphy, and various forms of pen movement can make calligraphy more artistic, so in the creation of calligraphy, the artist is crucial to the mastery of ink techniques. Lin Sanzhi's use of the invisibility method is very clever, especially in the works he created in the 1980s, he used this technique more and more, so that the works became more and more perfect. For example, in the work "Wang Changling Sends Xin Gradually", the use of brushwork fully presents the similarities between abstract ink and the stones created in landscape painting. In many of Lin San's works before the period, there was a certain reservation of traditional brushwork, which also reflected his inheritance of traditional calligraphy styles.
Lin Sanzhi's calligraphy creation is mainly based on Wang Xizhi's calligraphy style, and skillfully applies the ink method in painting to calligraphy creation, so as to explore the new direction of cursive development and create cursive works with personal characteristics. The uniqueness of "Forest Body" is that its lines are not only very slender and elegant, "Forest Body" occupies a very important position in China's calligraphy circle, and also promotes the development of contemporary cursive art.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="12" > second, the characteristics of the "two kings" in Lin Sanzhi's early calligraphy</h1>
Lin Sanzhi's cursive calligrapher method "Two Kings", "Two Kings" (Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi) are two huge peaks that are very famous in the Chinese calligraphy world, there are obvious differences in the penmanship of the two, but both have played an important guiding role in the development of calligraphy in later generations, many calligraphers are deeply influenced by the "Two Kings" calligraphy style, especially Yan Zhenqing, Mi Fu, Wang Duo, their calligraphy has inherited the calligraphy style of the "Two Kings" to a certain extent. Among the "Two Kings", Wang Xizhi's calligraphy fully presents the characteristics of exquisite beauty, and the lines of his works are very smooth, which is used by Lin Shi. The famous calligraphy work "Orchid Pavilion Preface" is Wang Xizhi's representative work, which has been handed down to this day and has important artistic value. For thousands of years, this work has attracted countless calligraphy enthusiasts to fall for it, and Wang Xizhi has also been called "Book Sage" by posterity. In the Tang Dynasty, Wang Xizhi received much attention and his status was promoted, and his calligraphy was recognized by Li Shimin, and Li Shimin even personally wrote the "Biography of Wang Xizhi" for him, collected and copied many of Wang Xizhi's original works, copied many "Orchid Pavilion Prefaces" and gave them to the courtiers, making the "Orchid Pavilion Preface" famous throughout the ages, and even Tang Taizong's own heirloom works mostly imitated Wang Xizhi's style. No matter what historical period it is in, the influence of emperors and courts on folk aesthetics and social and cultural atmosphere is strong, especially the emperor's personal consciousness and preferences, and even can reverse social concepts. Therefore, with the development of history, Wang Xizhi's calligraphy was widely circulated, and his ideas gradually developed to a very prosperous period, and at the same time had a profound impact on the calligraphy of subsequent dynasties.
Lin Sanzhi's calligraphy is based on Wang Xizhi's calligraphy skills, with the Huaisu style as the main body. He skillfully applied the ink method in painting to calligraphy, creating a new world of art. The "slim and elegant" forest style reflects the highest achievements of Chinese cursive art in the past three hundred years, defending the central position of Chinese calligraphy in the aesthetics of writing in the world. The main features of Wang Xizhi's calligraphy are peace and nature, as is Lin, who introduced Chinese character writing from practicality to the field of skill and taste, which shows that calligraphers can not only discover the beauty of calligraphy, but also reflect beauty with their own works. Calligraphy highlights the visual art of black and white, if there is no rich change of color cold and warm in this visual art, there is no contrast, the artistic conception of calligraphy does not exist. Highlighting the contrast between simplicity and intense black and white, it does not rely solely on the monotonous placement of the two colors. Therefore, the cleverness of the ink technique is also the key to determining the artistic value of calligraphy.
Another notable feature of Lin Sanzhi is the use of a large number of ink styles of landscape painting in his brushwork. In addition to the "Two Kings", Lin Sanzhi also conducted an in-depth study of the calligraphy of the late Ming Dynasty and put forward his own insights, he believes that the works of the calligrapher Wang Duo can very clearly show the adhesion between the pen and the strokes, and the gaps between the strokes are also filled and blended by the ink, which is the reason for the influence of the ink. Because the pen accumulates a large amount of ink, there will be a smudging phenomenon, so that the edges of the ink appear irregular, as if it were presented by the rapid movement of the knife during the engraving process. Because it is also influenced by the "Two Kings", Wang Duo's calligraphy style also shows the calligraphic characteristics of the "Two Kings". In Wang Duo's works, it can be clearly seen that its uniqueness lies in the specific ink-raising effect, and this effect is generally reflected in many of Wang Duo's works, and this feature is also used by Lin Sanzhi.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="17" > third, Lin Sanzhi's calligraphy characteristics in his later years</h1>
Lin Sanzhi became a famous calligrapher and painter in his later years, which is a very typical "late completion of the big instrument". Lin Sanzhi became famous very late, mainly because he has been studying hard for decades, accumulating knowledge, and cultivating himself. In this process, he not only accumulated a profound calligraphy style, but also gradually internalized the sincerity in his attitude towards life into a temperament cultivated by poetry and painting, nourishing the qi, rhyme, meaning and interest in his calligraphy works. In the process, his calligraphy skills have been raised to a very high level. It is precisely because his calligraphy has reached an extraordinary and exquisite state, rich in deep and eternal rhythm, that people can appreciate his works more deeply. It can be said that his calligraphy art contains his understanding of life and is full of genius inspiration.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="19" >4. Innovation and development of Lin Sanzhi's calligraphy in "Erwang" calligraphy</h1>
Lin Sanzhi's calligraphy has its own unique artistic charm. Lin's pen method and ink method influence each other, and the combination of Han Li and Dacao in his pen is like combining the sense of quality of Jinshi with the unfettered freedom of cursive writing, giving people a visual impact that has been endured for a long time and is ready to go. On the basis of learning from the ancients, Lin Sanzhi constantly innovated the old, innovated the ideas of the old, and gradually opened up a new world. He was not limited to the style of the ancients, but fully absorbed the concepts in the cursive style of Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, Wang Duo and others, made various changes and innovations based on his profound Han Li skills, and used a simple method to break through the stereotypes and create his own Lin cursive style.
For example, Lin Sanzhi's work "Golden Dome" has very strong brushstrokes, and the part of the falling section is also particularly unique, chaotic and orderly, and the whole work reflects the beauty of wildness. This work has been published many times and is a valuable treasure in Lin Sanzhi's Art Museum. The reason why Lin Sanzhi has made great achievements in the field of calligraphy is mainly because he can inherit the ancients, pay attention to history, and at the same time actively learn from the techniques and brushwork of others, and be good at summarizing and using them. For example, Lin Sanzhi was able to summarize and skillfully use Wang Duo's brushwork to improve the ink technique in his works. Lin Sanzhi's works have the shadow of Wang Duo's brushwork, and Wang Duo's cursive also inherits the style of "Erwang", Lin's calligraphy combines the characteristics of "Erwang" and Wang Duo, and innovates on this basis, so lin Sanzhi's works naturally have diverse stylistic characteristics, which is also his integration of traditional calligraphy. The borrowing of Wang Duo's style in Lin Sanzhi's cursive works is mainly reflected in the continuum used by Lin Sanzhi in his creation.
In the history of the development of Chinese calligraphy, the "Second King" has an extremely far-reaching influence and is deeply admired and admired by future generations of calligraphers. The relationship between the "two kings" is between father and son, but the two fathers and sons have formed a great difference in style in calligraphy. Wang Xianzhi's calligraphy is the inheritance and innovation of his father's calligraphy, with a calligraphy style that is different from his father's. In general, people think that the father's calligraphy level must be higher than the son's calligraphy level, so when copying Wang Xizhi's calligraphy, it is always considered better than the calligraphy of his son Wang Xianzhi. However, Wang Xianzhi's calligraphy is characterized by the influence of his father, who was under great pressure in the process of creation, for him, only by boldly innovating can he break the barriers of his father and eventually form his own calligraphy style. This spirit of courage and innovation is also deeply reflected in Lin Sanzhi's calligraphy career.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="23" >5</h1>
In China's excellent traditional culture, calligraphy occupies a very important position. To carry forward the excellent culture of the Chinese nation, it is not only necessary to inherit the excellent traditional culture, but also to actively carry out reform and innovation to promote the continuous development and progress of calligraphy. As a unique art, calligraphy is inextricably linked to traditional culture and is deeply influenced by traditional culture. The profound culture of ancient Chinese characters, excellent English calligraphy and Mongolian calligraphy abroad have all had a profound impact on the development of Chinese calligraphy. From a broad point of view, calligraphy is an important method for the writing of text symbols, when creating calligraphy, the characteristics and meaning of the text should be taken as the basis for calligraphy creation, so as to fully reflect the unique style of the creator and make the whole work full of artistic sense. Under the influence of China's excellent traditional culture, Chinese calligraphy art will develop rapidly, and is closely rooted in China's traditional culture, and constantly promote the progress of modern art. People like Lin Sanzhi are like "two kings" in the history of calligraphy, no matter which beautiful mountain people climb and which works they study, they must look into the distance while enjoying the scenery in front of them, and are not limited by one person at a time and place. Just as the so-called "stone of his mountain can attack jade", Lin Sanzhi's growth process and innovation path in calligraphy are worth learning and learning from every contemporary artist.
bibliography
Xu Kun. A Brief Analysis of the Brushwork and Ink Technique of Lin Sanzhi's Calligraphy Works[J].Comparative Research on Cultural Innovation, 2018(19):46-47.
Zhao Qibin. Lin Sanzhi's Exploration of the "Two Kings" Thesis Tradition[J].China Literature and Art Review, 2018(5):82-86.
WU Runping. Writing to the deepest part of the soul does not know that there is no one who knows me and no one- Lin Sanzhi's calligraphy appreciation[J].Calligraphy Appreciation Review, 2014(5):66-68.
You Jie. An Exploration of Lin Sanzhi's Cursive Calligraphy Pattern[J].World of Calligraphy and Painting, 2020(3):23-26.
Zhang Yuzhe,Su Yatao. An Analysis of "Staying" and "Sliding" in Cursive Under the Perspective of Lin Sanzhi's Calligraphy Thought[J].Comparative Research on Cultural Innovation, 2020(8):60-61.
Wei Zhongyin. Appreciation of Lin Sanzhi's Calligraphy Art[J].Science and Education Collection, 2019(7):169-171.
(Originally published in Collection and Investment, No. 8, 2021)