The root is an important organ of fruit trees to absorb nutrients, and once the root dies, the leaves of the fruit tree will appear curly leaves, yellow leaves, early deciduous leaves, etc. Then the fruit tree is not far from the time of death, so the rotten roots of the fruit tree cannot be ignored. Rotten roots of fruit trees can bring great losses to fruit growers. Find out the cause of the rotten roots of the fruit tree as soon as possible, and you can avoid more rotten roots of the fruit tree. So, why do fruit trees rot roots, and what causes fruit trees to rot roots?
1. Fertilizer damage
There are two kinds of fertilizer damage, one is long-term inorganic fertilizer, and fruit trees bear the first harm. Probiotics lose their living environment, pathogens multiply into disasters, and the root system is invaded by pathogens, resulting in rotten roots and dead trees. Long-term fertilizers are in charge.
In addition, a large number of unfermented and decomposed farm manure is applied, and a large number of unleavened and decomposed human, livestock and poultry manure are directly applied into the orchard soil, and a large number of germs, pests, salts, etc. carried by them will cause serious damage to the root system, and the heavy ones will cause rotten roots and dead trees. In order to save labor and labor, the use of hole application, ditch application, digging ditch (hole) is small and small, fertilizer filled hole, ditch cover soil, such as excessive use of farm manure and chemical fertilizer will also cause the phenomenon of root burning.
Countermeasures: Strongly advocate the use of fruit trees to fall leaves, weeds, straw crushed and buried in the ground to improve soil ventilation. Fertilizer can use bio-organic fertilizer, fermented and decomposed farm manure, vegetable dry fertilizer.
2, fruit trees lack nutrients
Normal strengthened management of orchards, spray fertilizer leaf preservation, summer topdressing, autumn application of base fertilizer, all management in place, to maintain the tree body storage and nutrients, winter, spring rot disease is very small, fruit set rate is very high, young fruit expansion very fast, new shoots thick, thick leaves. Orchard households that have abandoned management do not topdress fertilizer in summer and base fertilizer in autumn, and the tree body is seriously deficient in nutrients, resulting in a flood of rot diseases and many fruit trees being planed. Some of the surviving fruit trees have small yellow leaves and low fruit set ability. It can be seen that autumn is the golden period for the growth of fruit tree roots, and the application of base fertilizer in autumn is to ensure the development of fruit tree root systems, which is not only the key to maintaining the robustness of the tree and resisting the infestation of rot diseases, but also the basis for ensuring high yield and high quality of fruit in the next year. Therefore, folk legend: autumn base fertilizer is "gold", winter base fertilizer is "silver", spring base fertilizer is "broken copper rotten iron".
Countermeasures: It is necessary to fully understand that the winter storage and nutrients of fruit trees are sufficient, which is not only the basis for ensuring the robustness of the tree, but also the key to ensuring high yield and quality of fruit in the next year. According to the habits of different jujube trees, it is necessary to seize the time to apply sufficient base fertilizer after harvesting.
3. Excessive use of herbicides
Orchards do not plough for a long time, spring and summer weeds all rely on herbicides, only weeds are killed, but also cause soil zinc deficiency, after penetrating the soil, resulting in the death of active roots in the surface part of the fruit tree, reducing the absorption capacity of fruit tree root nutrients.
4. Drainage problems
The drainage ditch is too shallow, and the drainage is not smooth to form waterlogging. In the south, there is abundant rain in May and June, and the roots of fruit trees are soaked in water for a long time, resulting in the death of active roots and loss of absorption function, and after the rainy season, they enter the dry season for a long time of high temperature evaporation, resulting in fruit tree leaf fall, fruit fall and even fruit tree death.
Countermeasures: Repair drainage ditches and dredging sand ponds in orchards, the main ditch is not less than 65 meters, the depth of the ditch is not less than 50 cm (such as the ditch and the trench fertilization ditch intersect, the ditch should be slightly deeper than the fertilization ditch), the depth of the ditch is not less than 40 cm, so that the ditch is connected, the dry day can be smoothly watered, and the flood can be drained smoothly after heavy rain.
1. Change the awareness of fertilization, improve fertilization methods, and strengthen soil management
Advocate the application of microbial bacterial fertilizer (Aonongle), organic fertilizer (such as decomposed cattle, sheep, horse manure and other farm manure), organic fertilizer should be pounded and sprinkled evenly, the fertilization ditch should not be too concentrated, so as not to burn the root system, after application into the soil, the use of pickaxe planing hammer to dig into the soil, so that the fertilizer and the soil are fully mixed after covering the soil, so that the fertilizer is widely in contact with the absorbing roots of fruit trees, to prevent fertilizer from burning the root system in piles.
For soil management, it is necessary to insist on preparing the land once a year after fruit picking in autumn, keep the living soil layer well ventilated, so that the root system is rooted down, and prevent the root system from being led to the surface layer. In the event of continuous heavy rain, after the rain, it is necessary to paddle the hoe and ventilate in time to prevent the root system from being impermeable and causing the phenomenon of root rot and dead trees.
At this time, the Aonongle microbial fertilizer is applied, and the Aonongle microbial fertilizer contains 8 kinds of beneficial microbial bacteria, which are rapidly colonized around the rhizosphere after being applied to the soil, forming a placeholder advantage, so that true, bacteria and insects cannot infect the root system of the crop. Moreover, beneficial microbial bacteria entering the soil will produce a large number of mucopolysaccharides around the root system and the combination of mucus and mineral colloids secreted by plants and organic alternating to form a soil agglomerate structure and improve the soil fertility and water retention capacity.
Onongle contains trace elements such as ca, zn, b, mg and high-energy substances such as amino acids and polysaccharides, and also has the effect of nitrogen fixation and carbon sequestration, providing nutrients for the tree body and enhancing the tree potential.
2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer in autumn to increase the nutrient reserve of the tree
Harvest early fruit trees such as large cherries, peaches, kiwis, walnuts, grapes, early and medium-ripening pears, apples, etc., and complete the task of applying base fertilizer in autumn in September. Fruit trees such as hawthorn, chestnut and late-ripening varieties of apples, pears, and peaches must be harvested in October, so be sure to apply sufficient base fertilizer.
Autumn fertilization, when the root system is in the third growth peak period, supplement nutrients, can be absorbed and utilized by the root system in time, stored in the tree body and root system, enhance the growth potential, is conducive to prevent frost damage, diseases and insect pests, so that fruit trees can safely overwinter. Roots can be irrigated with Qingkulik + Diliwang + Wofonsu.
Those with branch diseases can be dried with rout spirit, repair wounds in time, kill pathogenic bacteria, and nourish and strengthen the tree body, which is conducive to the strong strength of the tree in the coming year and reduces the occurrence of root rot, ulcer disease, rot disease and other diseases.
3. Do a good job of drainage measures to prevent water accumulation in the orchard
In the orchard, through the whole planing orchard, the height around the trunk is increased by 15-20 cm to form a back shape to prevent water under the trees after heavy rain. The rows of fruit trees are arranged into a depression shape that is 15-20 cm below the canopy, which can be smoothly watered on dry days and drained smoothly after heavy rains.
For fruit trees that have already developed symptoms of root rot, they can be immediately irrigated with Cucumin, Bacillus subtilis, potassium fulvic acid from mineral sources, and sprayed with liangguoan + voflex spray at intervals of 7-10 days.