How much truth is behind the legendary Trojan battle between Achilles and Hector? Imagine that this is a war, the best warriors in the sulking historical heroes are made up, Mycenaean culture and Troy are not the end, it is not just Troy that collapses, all the empires of the Mediterranean are disintegrating

As Homer explains in his epic, the battle between Achilles and Hector was difficult and short-lived, culminating in Hector's death. In order to avenge himself, Achilles tied Hector's body to a chariot and circled the city three times under the eyes of the Trojans.

In Homer's Iliad, there is a great war between the Greeks and the Trojans. Greed and competition for women are the triggers, but epics are poetry, what is true?

"Goddess, now sing for me the ominous wrath of Achilles, the son of Perclius, which created a thousand sorrows for the Achaeans and drove many solemn souls to the underworld." The most famous ancient epic, the poet Homer's Iliad, began with this sentence.

Created in the 8th century BC, it depicts the final weeks of the supposedly decade-long siege of Troy, culminating in a duel between two heroes: on the Greek side, Achilles was the son of the mortal Pereus and the nymph Thetis. On Troy's side, Hector was the son of King Priamus and his wife Hekabe. But where did the confrontation between the two heroes in battle come about?

Homer said that Hector's brother Parris had kidnapped Helena, the wife of King Menelaus of Sparta. The horned husband then turned to his brother Agamemnon and the other Greek kings, who together led a fleet of 1,200 ships to Troy, forcing Helena to return.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="22" > imagine it's a war, and the best warriors are sulking</h1>

The successful Greek hero Achilles left the war at the beginning of the Iliad, and in a dispute with Agamemnon, he handed over his prey, the slave Briseith, to the commander-in-chief. The "Wrath of Achilles" attacked the Greeks, who decided not to go to war again. In order for the Greeks to truly realize the lack of their heroes, Zeus should let them fail until they realized their sins. But at first, the attackers seemed to be going well, and they were getting farther and farther away in the city of Troy, but Zeus prevented the victory. In another attack, Agamemnon and other comrades were wounded and the situation was reversed.

Achilles' request remained unsuccessful. Now when it was their turn to advance and begin to set fire to the Greek ships, the hero continued to watch sullenly. The Greeks again tried to persuade Achilles to return to the battlefield, but in vain. Now the brave Patroclus demanded that his friend Achilles put on armor and fight in order to stir up the Trojan fear of the invincible Achilles. At first the Greeks succeeded in driving the enemy off the ship, but when Patroclus pursued the fleeing Trojans, he was killed by Hector. Achilles has now decided to step into the fight to avenge his friend.

Now that Akyr's Wrath has a new goal, the hero can reconcile with Agamemnon. In the ensuing battle, Achilles was unstoppable, and he went deeper and deeper over the fortress, forcing the Trojans to seek protection behind the city walls. Only Hector remained at the city gate. The battle was difficult and short-lived, ending in Hector's death. Desperate for revenge, Achilles tied Hector's body to a chariot, dragged it around the city three times under the eyes of the Trojans, and then took it with him. Hector's father, Priam, traveled to Achilles to demand the surrender of the body.

The epic ends with the funerals of Patlos and Hector, homer and so much more. Since ancient times, people have asked themselves what is poetry and what is truth? Is there a war? When did it happen, and are there any traces of it today?

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="27" > historical heroes are made up, not Mycenaean culture and Troy</h1>

Specific choices of words, place names, and other linguistic clues lead to this story centuries before Homer, or more precisely in the 14th or 13th centuries BC. Agamemnon was the king of Mycenaean and represented a culture that dominated the Aegean Sea. Even without evidence of this king, there are many traces of Mycenaean culture. It peaked in the 14th and 13th centuries BC. When many palaces were built in Greece and on many islands. This power structure was opposed by the city of Troy, located in the Dardanelles, which controlled shipping into the Black Sea.

While Homer's war causes may be romantic, economic and strategic reasons are more likely to lead a fleet against Troy. But neither archaeological nor historical sources can prove that there was a war between the magnificent "City of Priamus" and the Mycenaeans. More importantly, these excavations show that Troy had rich trade links with the entire eastern Mediterranean. So is Homer's epic a fantasy? Not at all.

The poet's Trojan drawings correspond to what archaeologists call the Trojan VI complex — but with some preservation, dating back to between 1700 and 1300 BC. Obsolete. The huge ramparts with towers and gates correspond to Homer's "Defensive Troy". Even the weak point of the western wall he described as "close to the fig tree" could be equated with the rest of the wall that has been proven to be older and weaker. Many descriptions of Homer's landscapes can also be roughly understood on the basis of modern research.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="31" > eventually, it wasn't just Troy that collapsed, all the empires of the Mediterranean were disintegrating</h1>

But there is a problem: the end of this settlement did not take the form of a war, but in the form of an earthquake. So there was no Trojan War? Perhaps, because the rebuilt city (Troy VIIa) shows all the signs that people have adapted to difficult times. The fortifications that are now tightly constructed, as well as the many storage containers in the wells and cisterns, are clearly designed to secure supply during the siege. The countless traces of the apparent loss of the battle by the inhabitants suggest that fear of the enemy is not unfounded.

But Achilles and his men were not raiders, for their world was coming to an end. Around 1200 BC the Hittite Empire collapsed, mycenaean court culture disappeared, trading posts on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean ended, Troy was destroyed, and Egypt was severely damaged. The reason is considered a "marine people", whose origins have not yet been clarified, but whose effects are everywhere. Thus, the Battle of Troy is not pure fiction, but it is not a regional event, but covers the entire eastern Mediterranean.