On July 27, 1930, the Red Army captured Changsha, and He Jian, chairman of the Hunan Provincial Government and commander-in-chief of the Fourth Route Army, fled to the Yuanjiang River. When Chiang Kai-shek heard the news, he mobilized various large armies to counterattack Changsha, and Wang Jialie, a warlord of the Qian clan, deputy commander of the Twenty-fifth Army, and commander of the First Division, was stationed in western Hunan and was ordered to wait for the opportunity to participate in the "meeting and suppression." On August 5, the Red Army took the initiative to withdraw from Changsha under the massive counterattack of the Xiang Army, and the Qian Army was stationed near the hongjiang, Qianyang, and Zhijiang counties to "arch" the Xiangqian Border Area.
In the summer of the following year, when Li Mingrui and Zhang Yunyi of the Red Army were operating from Guangxi to Suining, Hunan, Wang Jialie assisted the Xiang army in "suppressing", and at one point pursued the Red Army to the territory of Wugang County, and then returned to the original defense. In November of that year, the Chinese Kuomintang held its Fourth National Congress, and Wang Jialie was invited to attend as a representative of the army, "I went to Changsha to go to Beijing with He Jian, met for the first time, and after greeting each other, He Jian put forward economic demands."
Hongjiang River in western Hunan Province
Originally, Guizhou and Yunnan produced opium smoke (named "special goods") at that time, and foreign sales usually took the three provinces of Sichuan, Hunan and Guangxi. For example, when trafficking "special goods" from Guizhou to Wuhan, a total of 260 to 300 yuan per quintal needs to be paid, first paying 100 yuan of "production tax" in Guizhou, and the remaining 160 to 200 yuan is paid twice through Changsha and when arriving in Wuhan. In other words, if you go to Sichuan or Guangxi, Hunan will have a considerable amount of "special taxes".
He Jian opened the door to the point: "Xiangqian lips and teeth are dependent on each other, we support each other, you help guizhou's tobacco soil more, each other's food sources are settled, after that, you need something, such as weapons and ammunition, I should help the central government to find a way." Wang Jialie promised: "Organize the Shang Gang, I should do my best, regarding the replenishment of weapons, I hope you will support." In order to further consolidate relations, Hengyang Arsenal built 6 heavy machine guns and 100,000 rounds of ammunition for the Qianjun. Wang Jialie was full of vigor and vigorously eliminated bandits in the Qingjiang River area, so that the "special goods" could travel unimpeded, and he could get an additional "relief" of 20,000 yuan from Changsha every month.
Hunan warlord He Jian
In the spring of 1932, Wang Jialie, with the support of Chiang Kai-shek, replaced Mao Guangxiang as chairman of the Guizhou provincial government and commander of the 25th Army. However, the internal contradictions of the Warlords in Guizhou were thick, and Wang Jialie's ass was not yet hot, and he was forced to settle down in Rongjiang by Jiang Zaizhen and Yu Guocai. In January of the following year, Wang Jialie launched a counterattack and restored Guiyang in one fell swoop, and Jiang and Yu expressed that they were "pleased and convinced", but in fact the basic forces were still in place, and they contacted the forces of other provinces in an attempt to make a comeback.
"In order to prevent the Yuguo materials from seducing the Yunnan army, I think that only by contacting the two provinces of Hunan and Guizhou is to provide support, Changsha and Liuzhou have airfields, and I want to create an aviation agency in Guizhou and also build an airfield, so as to communicate with the two provinces by air more quickly." Wang Jialie, through Hu Fei, the representative of the Guizhou Provincial Government in Changsha, relayed to He Jian, "I hope that Chairman He will send two planes to Guizhou to help with the prestige and help prepare for the construction of Guizhou Aviation.
Guizhou warlord Wang Jialie
In January 1934, He Jian sent Senator Ding Liang as a representative, and Huang Fei, director of the Hunan Provincial Aviation Department, led four aircraft divisions to pilot two small aircraft and one reconnaissance plane, which was headed by Xiang Feiqian. Because there was no route between Xiangqian and Qianqian provinces in the past, Huang Fei and others encountered difficulties during the flight, and eventually forced to land in Duyun and Dushan in Qiannan Province, with minor damage to the fuselage, but fortunately the personnel were unharmed. Wang Jialie promised to increase the number of "special cargo" merchants to help take the road to western Hunan Province, and He Jian agreed to leave the pilot Zhou Ping to assist in the preparation of the "Guizhou Provincial Aviation Department".
"A few days later, I personally went to the sand post north of Guiyang with Monday Ping to survey the airport, thinking that occupying too much civil land would cause the people to be indignant, and then I took a car with him all the way to Qingzhen, and then rode a horse to the Pingyuan post belonging to Qingzhen County, thinking that this place was more suitable, so I began to build, and the required migrant workers were requisitioned by Guiyang, Qingzhen, and Pingba counties nearby. In July of that year, when the qingzhen airport was completed and the ceremony was held, Guangxi sent a plane to take off from Liuzhou airport to guizhou Qingzhen airport for a tour. ”
Warlords during the Republic of China
Wang Jialie seems to have a fresh memory, but Mr. Ouyang Jie's research is completely different from his statement. According to the "History of Modern Airport Construction in China", in 1932, the National Government Aviation Administration decided to build Qingzhen Airport, which was self-funded by the Guizhou Provincial Government, and asked Sichuan Engineers to be responsible for surveying and guiding, the airport area is about 160,000 square meters, about 500 meters long from north to south, about 400 meters wide from east to west, there is a shed factory, three barracks and terminal houses. The implication is that Qingzhen Airport was built in 1932 and expanded on the original basis two years later, rather than being created.
The present appearance of the downtown area of Qingzhen
In any case, the Qingzhen airport played little role during Wang Jialie's administration of Guizhou, and He Jian sent a reconnaissance plane to the Qian army, which was used for simple reconnaissance take-offs and landings during the Red Army's Long March. In the later period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, it played an important role, the airport was expanded to 2,000 meters long and 800 meters wide, and there were two or three squadrons of the Sino-US Air Force stationed in peacetime, and more than 20 aircraft of various types were maintained, often flying to Liuzhou, Guangzhou, Hainan and other places to bomb and strafe the Japanese army.
It can be seen from this that He Jian helped Wang Jialie to establish aviation strength, not a sympathetic, it belongs to the exchange of interests, limited to human and financial resources, the development of Hunan and Guizhou aviation in the Republic of China period is slow, compared with Guangdong and Guangxi in the same period, nothing more than a flash in the pan.
bibliography:
1. Guizhou Provincial CPPCC Literature and History Materials Committee, ed., Selected Manuscripts of Guizhou Provincial CPPCC Literature and History Materials, 2004 edition
2. Zunyi Municipal Committee of The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, ed., Military and Political Figures of the Republic of China, 2001 edition
3. Ouyang Jie: History of Airport Construction in Modern China, Aviation Industry Press, 2008