On November 2, 1936, Duan Qirui, the "Tiger of the Beiyang", died in Shanghai at the age of 72. Although Duan Qirui had been out of sight for many years before his death, his funeral still attracted people's attention. Duan Qirui's coffin was transported back to Beijing, and the Beiyang government held a funeral for him in the form of a national funeral. Because Duan Qirui believed in Buddhism before his death, when he was buried, he took monk's clothes, monk hats, and monk shoes as his birthday clothes, and also draped him with a robe embroidered with Futian patterns on a red background and gold thread. After Duan Qirui died, he was buried in The Wan'an Cemetery in Beijing.
Among the many warlords of the Republic of China, Duan Qirui was highly evaluated, and he was known as the "six prime ministers", that is, "no smoking, no drinking, no prostitution, no gambling, no greed, and no occupation" (there is a certain controversy). Not only that, in his later years, Duan Qirui also maintained his national integrity, and after the "918" incident, the Japanese tried to win Duan Qirui over, but they were severely rejected.
【Beijing Wan'an Cemetery】Wan'an Cemetery is the earliest modern cemetery in Beijing, located in Wan'anli, Xiangshan South Road, Haidian District, and was founded in 1930. The whole cemetery covers an area of 86,000 square meters, in the construction of its cemetery according to the order of gold, wood, water, fire, earth, divided into 5 districts, the district is also "Thousand Character Text", "Hundred Family Names" as the group number, the 5 districts have no hierarchy, but the tomb has Fu, Lu, Shou, Xi, Rong 5 specifications, the cemetery is buried revolutionary martyrs, social activists, former military and political leaders, scientists, literary artists, overseas Chinese, foreign friends and so on.
[Duan Qirui cemetery side (reconstruction)] After Duan Qirui left the wilderness, he began to live in Tianjin, and due to the continuous harassment of the Japanese, his family eventually moved to Shanghai. In an interview with reporters, Duan Qirui said: "Japan's tyrannical behavior has reached a point where emotions cannot be felt and reasoned. Our country can only work hard to achieve self-sufficiency. Yu Yun: It is better to ask others than to seek oneself. The whole country is actively preparing and working together to cope, although there are ten Japan, why should we be afraid? ”
What is less well known is that Duan Qirui was not buried immediately after the funeral, but the coffin was temporarily installed in the apse of the Xishan Reclining Buddha Temple in Beijing, and was not buried until 28 years later. In 1963, under the auspices of Zhang Shizhao, Duan Qirui was buried in the Wan'an Cemetery in Beijing, and Zhang Shizhao also inscribed a tombstone. The middle of the photo is the result of the reconstruction in 1978, which is very shabby and simple.
[Duan Qirui Tombstone] Zhang Shizhao originally intended to write the inscription of duan tombstone: "The tomb of Duan Gongzhiquan, the ruling of the Republic of China", but after repeated thinking, it was in a special period at that time, and finally decided that the inscription was better not to mention the official title. Liang Qichao had this comment on Zhang Shizhao, "His shortcomings are inevitable, but he has the courage to be responsible for the country regardless of his own interests, and no one in the country is comparable." ”
On the back of Duan Qirui's tombstone is his posthumous precept, "Don't start political disputes lightly because of what I see, don't talk about it in vain and ignore practice, don't waste the people's wealth because of unhurried affairs, don't believe in radical theories and shake the state; diplomats should not forget to consolidate national defense, educators should not forget to preserve the essence of the country, those who govern the family should not abandon the inherent etiquette, and scholars should not seek the chaos of fashion." The so-called self-reliant are here, and the weak are also here. ”
【The surrounding environment of Duan Qirui Cemetery】In general, Duan Qirui Cemetery is simple. If it weren't for the tombstone, it would be hard to imagine that this was the graveyard of the "Tiger of the North Ocean". Duan Qirui also had the reputation of "three republics": he forced the Qing Emperor to abdicate, conquered Zhang Xun's restoration, and resisted Yuan Shikai Hongxian to claim the title of emperor. Especially at the critical moment when Yuan Shikai was proclaimed emperor, Duan Qirui disregarded the grace of his own promotion and the righteousness of his robe, and faced with the establishment of him. Seeing that the opposition was ineffective, he resolutely returned home to fight with silence and silence, taking the great righteousness.
At Duan Qirui's funeral, the state funeral decree of the National Government in Nanjing made this comment: "Hold a bow and be honest and honest, and seek the loyalty of the state." Xinhai advocated leading the armies and sponsoring the Republic, contributing to the Republic of China. and Yuan's arrogance, clean body retreat, force to maintain justice, and awe-inspiring. The restoration of the heirs changed into a change, the oath of the horse farm, the rapid suppression of the rebellious atmosphere, the rate can re-establish the foundation of the state, the consolidation of the political system, the special honor, the great hope, the Bo Hai Tongqin...."..."