The story of Li Hongzhang's choice of son-in-law was written into "The Flower of the Evil Sea", one of the four condemnation novels of the late Qing Dynasty, and the Wei Yibo and Zhuang Lunqiao in the book are known to allude to Li Hongzhang and his son-in-law Zhang Peilun. So in the process of Li Hongzhang's selection of a son-in-law, what interesting things happened? Among the descendants of Li Hongzhang, which household name has appeared?
Li Hongzhang, one of the most prominent figures in the late Qing Dynasty, was the founder of the Huai Army and the Beiyang Marine Division, the leader of the Foreign Affairs Movement, together with Zeng Guofan, Zhang Zhidong, and Zuo Zongtang, was called the "Four Famous Ministers of Zhongxing", and was called "the only person in the Qing Empire who has the ability to compete with the world powers." ”
Li Hongzhang took a photo with his family
It is said that behind a successful man there is a considerate woman, and there is also such a woman behind Li Hongzhang, she is Li Hongzhang's second wife Zhao Xiaolian.
After Li Hongzhang's original wife, Zhou Shi, died of illness, he married Zhao Xiaolian. Zhao Xiaolian's father, Zhao Yan (yún), was Li Hongzhang's colleague in the Hanlin Academy, and the two were fellow villagers, both from Anhui, and had a very good friendship. Zhao Xiaolian's great-grandfather Zhao Wenkai was the head of the Jiaqing first year (1796). Therefore, in terms of social status, Zhao Xiaolian's family is not under the Li family.
This year, Zhao Xiaolian was 24 years old, Li Hongzhang was 39 years old, and the two people came together.
After marriage, Zhao Xiaolian gave birth to a son, Li Jingshu, and two daughters, Li Jujun and Li Jingpu.
Zhao Xiaolian (left) and daughter Li Ju coupled
This Li Ju coupling, when he was young, looked dignified and beautiful, elegant and talented, and was familiar with all kinds of piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, which can be said to be a famous beauty + talented woman at that time.
When Li Jujiao grew up, when it was time to talk about marriage, his father Li Hongzhang gave his daughter a carefully selected husband, but everyone was surprised.
The husband chosen by Li Hongzhang for his daughter, who was 22 years old and was a clever daughter of Ice and Snow, was Zhang Peilun, who had reached a year of confusion at that time and had a bad career, and had just returned from exile by the imperial court.
Zhang Peilun
So what is so special about This Zhang Peilun, who has reached the age of the uncle, can make Li Hongzhang impressed, and even marry his daughter to him?
Zhang Peilun, born in 1848, was a scholar at the age of twenty-two, and later served as a speech official in the imperial court. In the nine years of his official career, Zhang Peilun was unscrupulous and upright, and there were not a few officials in the imperial court who took off the top and wore flowers because of his superiority. Together with Zhang Zhidong, Bao Ting, and Huang Tifang, he is known as the "Four Sayings of Hanlin".
It may be that he is honest and upright, which makes Li Hongzhang appreciate him very much.
In the ninth year of Tongzhi (1883 AD), the Sino-French War broke out, and Zhang Peilun was one of the few officials who vigorously advocated the War of Resistance, so the imperial court sent him to the Mawei Army in Fujian in the name of the Minister of Sanpin Qincha. In this war, because of the disparity in strength between the Chinese and French armies, the result ended in the defeat of the Qing army, and Zhang Peilun could only withdraw.
After this incident, Zhang Peilun was discredited and discredited, and was exiled to Zhangjiakou.
However, Li Hongzhang still cared for Zhang Peilun and gave help during his exile.
In the twelfth year of Guangxu (1886 AD), Zhang Peilun's wife Bian Pu died of illness, and two years later, Zhang Peilun's exile period expired, thanks to Li Hongzhang's non-abandonment, Zhang Peilun made a clerk next to Li Hongzhang.
It was also at this time that Li Hongzhang made a decision and paired his beloved daughter Li Ju with Zhang Peilun.
At that time, Zhang Peilun was exactly forty years old, and Li Jujun was twenty-two years old, and the outside world was not optimistic about this marriage, possibly including the two of themselves, and did not have too many expectations for this marriage.
However, in hindsight, the two people are still very affectionate. Zhang Peilun wrote a book called "Jian Yu Diary", which recorded a large number of his married life with Li Jujun:
"In the afternoon, I discussed poetry with the insiders for a long time... Chiku coupling has discomfort, boiling medicine, boiling tea, gambling chess, reading paintings, chatting to entertain... The chrysanthemum stores an urn of dew on the lotus leaf, and the four beautiful things are beautiful in the four beautiful places before the rain in Dongting Lake. Lan Biaoguan sat down, so when he arrived at sunset, the management book did not reach the proofreading. ”
Two people boiling tea, drawing, reading, and playing chess together shows that these two people have common hobbies and can play together, so the two people are still very happy.
In the twenty-second year of Guangxu (1896 AD), Li Ju coupling gave birth to a son for Zhang Peilun, Zhang Zhiyi (yí), and five years later, Li Ju coupling gave birth to a daughter for the Zhang family, Zhang Maoyuan.
Zhang Peilun's son Zhang Zhiyi
Twenty-seven years after Guangxu, Li Hongzhang died of illness, Li Hongzhang's death, which is also a shock to Zhang Peilun, li Hongzhang died only more than a year, Zhang Peilun also died of depression, leaving behind his beloved wife and a son and a daughter.
The family that has flourished and declined has brought them an indescribable sadness.
After Zhang Peilun's death, his wife Li Ju coupling for a pair of children worked hard, unfortunately suffered from lung disease, and finally died of lung disease in 1912, at the age of forty-six. At that time, Zhang Zhiyi was sixteen years old, and Zhang Maoyuan was only eleven years old.
Three years later, in 1915, Zhang Peilun and Li Jujiao's son, Zhang Zhiyi, who had reached the age of 19, married Huang Suqiong, who was also 19 years old.
Huang Suqiong is a famous person after that. Huang Suqiong herself aspired to be trendy, advocated independence, and was a woman who was influenced by the new ideas of the May Fourth Movement.
After Zhang Zhiyi married Huang Suqiong, on September 30, 1920, at No. 313 Megen Road in the west district of the Shanghai Public Concession, a daughter, Zhang Ailing, was born.
At first, her name was still Zhang Xuan, and later when she reached the age of school, when she filled out the enrollment form, her mother Huang Suqiong felt that the name Zhang Xuan was not loud enough, so she changed her name to Zhang Ailing.
The next year, he gave birth to a younger brother to Zhang Ailing, who looked very handsome, even a bit like Zhang Zijing, a girl.
Zhang Ailing and younger brother Zhang Zijing
Zhang Ailing's mother, Huang Suqiong, is a woman eager to accept new ideas. Huang Suqiong was a famous Miss Qianjin, her grandfather was the Admiral of the Yangtze River, and her father was a salt road in Guangxi. However, she was not satisfied with the arranged marriage of this parent's order and the words of the matchmaker. Although she had not attended a new school, she had even wrapped her feet. However, she refuses to be stale, advocates independence, and desires new trends, and Zhang Ailing has also said that her mother is "stepping on this pair of three-inch golden lotuses across two eras."
At the same time, Huang Suqiong is also a beauty, with a delicate face, a small cherry mouth, and a clear eyebrow. And when we look closely, her eyebrows are very sharp, revealing a kind of rebellion, heroism and arrogance, and she is a new woman of the times who is not limited to tradition.
Zhang Ailing and mother Huang Suqiong (right)
Zhang Ailing's father, Zhang Zhiyi, is a tragic figure who has not kept up with the trend of the times. He had been familiar with the Eight Strands of Literature since he was a child, but after the abolition of the Imperial Examination, he had a full stomach and nowhere to display his talents.
Zhang Ailing still remembers that when she was a child, she saw that her father's house was littered with various tabloids, which made Zhang Ailing also develop the habit of reading tabloids in the market. Zhang Ailing's interest in "Dream of the Red Chamber" and "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" also originated from her father. Zhang Ailing once said: "My father's room is always afternoon, and after sitting there for a long time, I feel sinking and sinking." "It seems that Zhang Ailing was able to feel her father's loneliness and bitterness when she was very young."
Later, Zhang Zhiyi became more and more decadent, infected with the habit of smoking opium, gambling, visiting the kiln, and also raised his aunt and wife, and fell day by day. This disappointed his wife Huang Suqiong, who longed for independence and enterprising, and did not want to rely on such a man anymore, and the two signed a divorce agreement.
After the divorce, Zhang Ailing lived with her father Zhang Zhiyi, who later married another wife, Sun Yongfan, the daughter of former Prime Minister Sun Baoqi of the Republic of China. Sun Yongfan also loved to smoke opium, and Zhang Ailing often saw her father and stepmother swallowing clouds and vomiting fog together on the bed.
Zhang Ailing had a bad relationship with her stepmother, was locked up by her father for half a year, and also suffered from dysentery, and finally sneaked out and went to her mother.
Zhang ailing
The relationship between Zhang Ailing and her mother is actually very delicate, for example, Zhang Ailing always says that the selfishness and indifference in her personality are inherited from her mother, and she can say that she has always been a love-hate relationship with her mother. However, there is one thing that Zhang Ailing must thank her mother, that is, her mother has always attached great importance to Zhang Ailing's studies.
Huang Suqiong, the mother, wanted her daughter to go abroad to go to school, so Zhang Ailing signed up for the exam in the Far East of the University of London, and Huang Suqiong also found a Jewish British teacher for Zhang Ailing to tutor her in mathematics. In the end, Zhang Ailing achieved the first place in this examination.
However, in September 1939, the outbreak of World War II, Zhang Ailing's desire to study abroad was in vain. In the end, her mother decided to send her to the University of Hong Kong instead.
In 1939, Zhang Ailing came to Hong Kong to study at the Faculty of Letters of the University of Hong Kong.
At that time, it coincided with the third anniversary of the founding of Hong Kong's "West Wind" magazine, and an essay collection activity was held for the whole society. Zhang Ailing, 19, wrote a "Genius Dream", in which a sentence was written: "Life is a gorgeous robe, which is crawling with lice." Such amazing sentences.
The publication of "Genius Dream" can be regarded as the beginning of Zhang Ailing's real sense of entering the literary world.
Then in 1943, "Agarwood Crumbs - The First Burning Incense", and later "Love of the Fallen City" and "The Golden Lock" came out one after another, which made Zhang Ailing's reputation shocked and became famous in one fell swoop.
In Zhang Ailing's novels, there are many characters in the books, based on her real-life family members.
Zhang Ailing's younger brother Zhang Zijing, who wrote a book "My Sister Zhang Ailing", revealed in the book: "The Golden Lock" is written about Li Hongzhang's second son Li Jingshu's family, "Flower Wither" is an allusion to Zhang Ailing's uncle, and "Genesis" has the shadow of Li Jingpu, the sixth aunt and grandmother... So much so that Zhang Ailing offended all her relatives.
In fact, in Zhang Ailing's novel, you can not only see the shadow of her relatives, but also see her own shadow.
Zhang Ailing wrote a novel "Little Reunion", for various reasons, it was not published until 2009, and there are many storylines in the book that will remind people of Zhang Ailing in reality.
For example, in reality, her love with Hu Lancheng, in "Small Reunion", she borrowed Sheng Jiuli's mouth and said: "That pain rumbles like a train all day long, and there is no gap between day and night." As soon as I woke up it was right next to the pillow, it was a watch, and I walked all night. ”
And for Sang Arc, Zhang Ailing has regrets, in "Little Reunion", she made all the characters sarcastic, only Ying Yanshan was full of praise.
Zhang Ailing has experienced three relationships in her life, namely with Hu Lancheng, Sang Arc, and Lai Ya.
Hu Lancheng, Zhang Ailing's first husband, and Hu Lancheng can also be said to be Zhang Ailing's first love, when Zhang Ailing's love Sinus first opened, the sentence "low to the dust" was said for Hu Lancheng. Hu Lancheng, who is only 14 years older than Zhang Ailing, already had three wives and four children before. After Hu Lancheng announced his marriage to Zhang Ailing without hesitation, and then cheated and betrayed twice, Zhang Ailing resolutely chose to break up after experiencing inner struggles.
Zhang Ailing and Hu Lancheng
The mulberry arc appeared after Zhang Ailing and Hu Lan made hands, when Zhang Ailing was immersed in grief and was at the trough of her life. Zhang Ailing and Sang Arc met in the film cooperation, the two admired each other, but the two carefully maintained the relationship, and did not really get together.
Zhang Ailing and Sang Arc
Later, under the pressure of domestic public opinion, Zhang Ailing went to other places. At the McDowell Literary Camp, a place that provides free accommodation for literary creators, Zhang Ailing became acquainted with the German writer Raya. Zhang Ailing and Lai Ya have similar experiences, both are young and famous, both are well-known writers in their home countries, have written film scripts, the two people hate each other late, although this Lai Ya is 29 years older than Zhang Ailing, but the two people still quickly decided to get married, they met in the United States in March 1965, in August, Lai Ya wrote to Zhang Ailing to propose marriage.
After marriage, Zhang Ailing and Lai Ya have been relatively poor in life, especially after Lai Ya suffered a stroke and was paralyzed, their life was full of various difficulties. Although they have experienced poverty and illness, in the depths of their souls, they have always loved each other deeply, which is a yearless love that breaks through the world's vision.
Zhang Ailing and Lai Ya
summary:
Although Zhang Ailing rarely mentions his ancestors, we can imagine that when Zhang Ailing was a child, she opened the family tree and looked at the important and star-studded names, which must be full of admiration and awe.
But she did not expect that when she grew up, she would gain a reputation no less than anyone in the family tree.
Zhang Ailing has had three ups and downs of love, but her safest harbor and strongest fortress is the pen in her hand, her writing career, she is an unborn genius, she is a legendary woman during the Republic of China.