<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > preface</h1>
In the spring of 1952, the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was in full swing. Chairman Mao and the leaders were always observing the war situation on the front line, after all, this is a matter of national security. When the good news was transmitted to China one after another, Chairman Mao couldn't help but be overjoyed, and when he heard that some soldiers had died, Chairman Mao was heartbroken.
At this moment, Nie Rongzhen, then chief of staff of the People's Volunteer Army, made a sudden visit, and before he could see anyone, he heard him shout angrily: "Chairman, I want to file a complaint against you!" As soon as the words stopped, Nie Rongzhen walked in furiously and threw a packet of medicine on the chairman's table. After reading this bag of medicine, Chairman Mao slapped the table in grief and shouted: "Kill!" ”
As a leader of a country, Chairman Mao is usually calm and calm, and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Chairman has become even more insulted and unfazed, so he is so out of shape that people are really curious. Soon after that, the central authorities launched a vigorous "five-anti movement" and investigated and punished hundreds of thousands of people.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="27" > the background of the first and fifth counter-movements</h1>
In fact, before the central authorities launched the "Five Antis Movement," the "Three Antis Movement" was underway in China. The so-called "three antis" refer to: anti-corruption, anti-waste, anti-bureaucracy. The "Three Antis Movement" was officially launched because in the campaign to increase production and save money, which began in October 1951, a large amount of corruption and waste was found. So the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued important documents on December 1 and December 8. Since then, the "three antis" movement has been launched throughout the country.
Chairman Mao actually anticipated this situation long ago, and at the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee held in March 1949, the Chairman warned the comrades of the whole Party, saying:
"It will not take long and not a great deal of effort to win a national victory; it will take a long time and a great deal of effort to consolidate this victory. The inability of the enemy to conquer us by force has been proven. The support of the bourgeoisie may conquer the weak-willed in our ranks. There may be Communists who have not been conquered by enemies with guns, who are worthy of the title of heroes in the face of these enemies; but who cannot withstand the attack of cannonballs wrapped in sugar, they will lose the battle in the face of sugar bombs. We must prevent this. ”
Unexpectedly, however, some people still did not listen to this admonition, and serious corruption still appeared within the party and state organs.
After the "Three Antis Movement" began, Chairman Mao sent a telegram stressing:
It is necessary to carry out a major clean-up of the whole party, thoroughly expose all corruption incidents in large, medium, and small areas, and focus on cracking down on large- and medium-sized embezzlers, and adopt the policy of educating and reforming serious criminals for small and medium-sized embezzlers, so as to stop the extremely dangerous phenomenon of many party members being corrupted by the bourgeoisie, to overcome the situation that the Second Plenary Session has long anticipated, and to realize the policy of preventing corrosion at the Second Plenary Session.
So the Party Central Committee mobilized mass forces to jointly eradicate more than 10,000 moths in the Party. One of the most typical cases is that Liu Qingshan, a major embezzler and former deputy secretary of the Shijiazhuang Municipal CPC Committee, and Zhang Zishan, former secretary of the Tianjin Prefectural CPC Committee, were sentenced to death in accordance with the law.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="38" > the three anti-movements were vigorous, the immeasurable capitalists took advantage of the void, and the purge of the five poisons was imminent</h1>
Just as the "three antis movement" was vigorously unfolding, Chairman Mao received a complaint from Nie Rongzhen, chief of staff of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. At that time, Chairman Mao was listening to a work report by Public Security Minister Luo Ruiqing. Nie Rongzhen walked in angrily and told the chairman that he wanted to file a complaint. The chairman heard the words and showed a puzzled look, and Nie Rongzhen explained:
Look at you, Chairman, these bloodless executioners, they sold us some expired medicines and some unpasteurized cotton yarns pretending to be qualified products, and as a result, our commanders and fighters used these fake drugs, the wounds worsened, and everyone watched the soldiers die in their own hospitals!
As Nie Rongzhen spoke, he took out the medicine bag in his arms and handed it to Chairman Mao. Chairman Mao took the bag of counterfeit medicine with both hands, opened it with trembling, and the gauze and triangle scarves inside were all untreated gray, and when he looked at the date of production of the medicine, it had expired long before it was delivered.
Chairman Mao was silent, and his eyes gradually turned red. In the middle of the sound, Chairman Mao suddenly slapped the table with his hand, and the documents on the table shook with great force. The chairman said indignantly: "So many excellent soldiers, who did not die under the guns of the US army, were killed by these illegal capitalists who made counterfeit drugs!" It's tolerable, it's intolerable! Nie Rongzhen and Luo Ruiqing were also furious, these fighters heroically killed the enemy on the front line, just to protect the motherland behind them, so that the people could have a peaceful and stable life. But now, the warriors are being victimized by unscrupulous capitalists at home, isn't that the equivalent of a backstab? How can these black-hearted capitalists, one by one, destroy humanity and do such unconscionable things, so that people will not be angry?
Chairman Mao immediately ordered a thorough investigation of the matter, because the place where the counterfeit medicine was produced was in Shanghai, so the task was entrusted to Chen Yi, the mayor of Shanghai. Chen Yi thoroughly investigated overnight, and this investigation was simply "pulling out the radish and bringing out the mud," and found that a large number of corruption and thefts found in the "three anti-movements" were closely related to the bribery of lawless capitalists in society, tax evasion and evasion, theft of state property, cutting corners, and theft of state economic intelligence. The "three harms" and "five poisons" complement each other, and in order to completely eradicate the "three harms," we must reverse the "five poisons."
Therefore, on January 26, 1952, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China officially issued the "Instruction on Launching a Large-scale Resolute and Thorough Struggle against the Five Antis" in the Cities within a Time Limit," calling for a large-scale campaign of "anti-bribery, anti-tax evasion, anti-theft of state property, anti-cutting of materials, and anti-theft of state economic intelligence" to capitalists who violate the law, referred to as the "five antis." In early February, the "Five Antis Movement" began in major cities and soon began with great fanfare throughout the country.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="52" > the effect of the five anti-movements was remarkable, and people who were full of private pockets fell</h1>
In February 1952, Li Yinting was arrested. This person was the manager of the Cotton Factory of the Fuhua Power Plant, and undertook to produce a large number of first-aid kits and triangle scarves needed by the fighters to resist the United States and aid Korea. However, during the manufacture, Li Yinyan privately swallowed the 10,000 pounds of good cotton provided by the government, and turned to making it with inferior pressed warehouse cotton, and omitted the steps of bleaching and disinfection, so it was made into a first-aid kit. Such "first aid kits" carry a large number of bacteria, resulting in more serious wounds for the soldiers who use these first aid kits. It has been confirmed that more than half of the frontline commanders died as a result.
At the end of February 1952, Wang Kangnian was arrested, the owner of the Dakang Pharmacy in Shanghai, and he was the culprit who made the counterfeit medicine. According to the investigation, Shanghai Dakang Pharmacy actually has no medical qualifications at all, and has been operating in debt. Previously, Wang Kangnian had been speculating and speculating to seek profits, and was sued by the owner of the drug, Yan Guangjun, for embezzling drugs. However, at that time, because it was on the eve of the liberation of Shanghai by our party, the judge had no intention of trying, and Wang Kangnian was "let go of a horse."
On May 27, 1949, when Shanghai was peacefully liberated, our Party took over the local administrative department, and in order to restore the local economy, it adopted supportive measures for industry and commerce. With the help of this policy, Wang Kangnian and his Dakangxi Pharmaceutical Company turned the drugs that should be returned to Yan Guangjun into debts at the same price as the drugs, and resumed business in a state of debt. However, Wang Kangnian's business style of buying short and selling short and opportunistically has not changed, and he likes to use false means to attract business and make up for his lack of funds and supply capacity.
As the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea became more and more intense, the volunteers on the battlefield also needed medicines even more, but the Western countries imposed an economic blockade on our country, and the country had no choice but to rely on domestic strength. In November 1951, the logistics staff of a certain unit of the Volunteer Army came to Shanghai to purchase urgently needed medicines. Dakangxi Pharmacy obviously had no goods, but Wang Kangnian saw the huge profits contained in it and "volunteered" to take over the business. By the middle of December, Wang Kangnian used delay tactics to delay delivery. The volunteer purchaser who was far away on the battlefield looked at the soldiers who had been in excruciating pain for a long time because they could not get medical treatment, and their hearts were very anxious, and they wrote to them overnight: Boss Wang, please be sure to ship it as soon as possible!
But Wang Kangnian simply ignored it, and was really in a hurry, so he used the inventory that was not needed on the front line, such as cold and hot water bottles and glass chips, and even the rusted medical equipment, and sent it to the front line to cope. When it was finally time to ship, the warehouse staff found that only half of the drugs were available, and asked Wang Kangnian what to do, but he said: "North Korea is a long road, it doesn't matter, I can hold this matter steadily." And Wang Kangnian's so-called "holding steady" is to purchase expired drugs everywhere and send them to the front line. In this way, a large number of unqualified medicines were delivered to the hands of the volunteers, resulting in countless soldiers delaying treatment and dying in hospital beds.
In the same year, the owner of the Daming Road Meat Factory in Shanghai was arrested, and when he made the canned beef needed by the volunteers, it was made entirely of rotten, smelly rotten meat, and only thin yellow beef was laid on the upper floor to escape the inspection of the army. The number of canned beef is scarce, the volunteer army is usually reluctant to eat, only when winning the battle to eat a little, see the damage only think that it is put for a long time, will not think that this beef can originally has a problem, and the battlefield materials are scarce, the volunteer army is not willing to throw it away. Therefore, the warriors ate the rotten meat bite by bite, and these soldiers who ate the rotten meat, as light as diarrhea, lay on the bed for three or two days, and then poisoned, directly lost their lives.
The more the cadres investigated, the more they were shocked, and only then did they find out that a certain biscuit factory in Hangzhou used stone alkali instead of soda to make biscuits, and that the military shoes made by the manager of a certain military uniform store in Shanghai could not even close the glue on the soles. There are simply too many such black-hearted capitalists, and none of the cadres in charge of the case is not angry.
Looking at it now, the black deeds of some capitalists today are nothing compared to these people. Where did the unscrupulous capitalists, represented by Wang Kangnian, place the lives of these volunteers defending their homes and defend the country? When they did these inhuman things, did they ever think that without the protection of the soldiers, they would have a life of fine clothes and food?
Marx once said: "Capital comes into this world, and from head to toe, every pore is flowing with blood and dirty things!" With 50% profit, capital will take risks, 100% profit, they dare to trample on all the laws of the world, and with 300% profit, they will dare to commit any crime, even if it is the risk of being hanged! These black-hearted capitalists will not be unaware of the truth that "under the nest, there is a complete egg", but in their eyes, interests are the most important. For the sake of that "300% profit", these people dare to do anything.
In this case, only by pulling out this "tumor" as soon as possible can we get to the root of the problem. Therefore, after Launching the "Three Antis Movement," Chairman Mao mobilized the masses to launch the "Five Antis Movement." The "three antis" and "five antis" movements played a role in killing chickens and making an example, not only correcting some unhealthy tendencies in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, but also consolidating the leading position of the working class. Favorable conditions have been created for the socialist transformation of private industry and commerce; at the same time, a number of state cadres have been saved, and the role of eliminating the old social filth and changing customs has been played. Now that we look at these two movements, we have to marvel at it: Chairman Mao is really brilliant, and he is worthy of being a great leader who always puts the people first!