Beijing International Music Festival Beethoven Violin Sonata Complete Concert Poster.
The complete collection of Beethoven Violin Sonatas at the Beijing International Music Festival was presented by 10 young Chinese violin talents, respectively, in the order of stage: Liu Ming, Zhang Runwei, Dang Huali, Chen Yige, Lin Ruifeng, Xie Haoming, Wang Wendi, Su Qianxun, Yu Zhenyang. Among them, Jiang Yiliang, a young violinist who was originally going to appear on the stage at the first concert, could not take the stage at this festival due to epidemic prevention and control reasons, and was replaced by young violinist Zhu Weijia. These ten violinists are all "post-90s" and "post-00s", some of them are young teachers of the conservatory, some are students who have won numerous awards, some are young principals of student orchestras, the youngest is only 15 years old, and the oldest is just entering the year of establishment. The repertoire to be played on 14 October is "Violin and Piano Sonata No. 1 in D major, op. 12 no. 1", Violin and Piano Sonata No. 10 in G major, op. 96" and Sonata for Violin and Piano No. 5 in F major, op.24 - "Spring".
The complete collection of Beethoven's ten sets of violin sonatas performed at the Beijing International Music Festival has always been known as the classic of Beethoven's violin repertoire for the world. Compared with piano sonatas, which have been evenly woven throughOut Beethoven's nearly three decades of creative career, the first nine pieces of violin sonatas are concentrated in the five years from 1798 to 1802, which is an important period when Beethoven was 28 to 32 years old, when his musical creativity was exuberant and his personal style was taking shape. These works, as always, show the epoch-making meaning of Beethoven's comprehensive study of traditional techniques and the expansion of the aesthetic categories of his contemporaries, they conform to the most rigorous format category of classicism, and they clearly have the spiritual core of Romanticism. The Beijing News revealed the formation process of a full set of violin sonata styles.
Ten sonatas feature Beethoven's personality changes
During his lifetime, Beethoven composed 9 symphonies, 32 piano sonatas, 10 violin sonatas, 16 string quartets, 1 opera and 2 Mass. The 10 violin sonatas he composed have always been the love of violinists and have become a compulsory course for all violin learners. It can almost be said that the 10 sonatas have formed their own styles according to The trajectory of Beethoven's life and changes in personality, of which the fifth "Spring" and the ninth "Kletser" are the most famous.
Between 1797 and 1798, Beethoven composed The First Violin Sonata, op.12 no1, D major, Violin Sonata No. 2, op.12 no2, A Major, Violin Sonata No. 3, op.12 No3, E Major, his first violin sonata, all three of which were given to his then teacher, Antonio Salieri (1750-1825). In 1798, Beethoven gave a joint concert with violin master ignaz schuppanzigh (1776-1830), which left a record of Beethoven as an accompanist to perform the sonata.
During that period, Beethoven was influenced by Mozart's Violin Sonata k.454, published in 1784, and the method of composing violin sonatas was also improved according to his violin sonata form, although Beethoven inherited Mozart's creative methods in the early days, but his creative power for innovation and change was beginning to sprout.
The "Spring Sonata" became a classic of the first creative period
Beethoven's Violin Sonata No. 4, op.23, in A minor, was written in 1800 and presented to Count Morita von fries. Fulis was a well-known music lover among the aristocrats of the time, and his mansion salon was once the center of music exchange in Vienna. When this fourth song came out, it was jointly numbered 23 with the fifth song, and was later numbered separately.
During the same period, the most famous Violin Sonata No. 5, op24-Spring, in F major, was composed in 1801 and was the work of Beethoven's first decade to Vienna, belonging to his earlier and later compositions. At this time, Beethoven was 31 years old, his creative skills had matured, and his personality had basically formed. Although this piece was written in the early days of Beethoven, it is still different from the true classical music of Haydn and Mozart, it is full of confident and optimistic spiritual beliefs, expressing the ideological feelings and spiritual outlook of the growing middle class, and this sonata has a total of four movements.
In fact, in 1801, Beethoven's health was very unhealthy, and the ear disease had not been cured for several years and was getting worse and worse, which caused him pain. But Beethoven was not pessimistic and disappointed by this, as he himself said: "The artist is a fire, he does not cry", and the noble sentiment led him to write the Violin Sonata No. 5, op24 - Spring, F major, full of youthful vitality and optimism. The themes of all four movements of this work have a gorgeous, sweet and splendid temperament like spring, so they are called "Spring Sonatas".
Sonatas Nos. 6, 7 and 8 form a transitional style
Beethoven's violin sonata works "Violin Sonata No. 6, op.30 no1, a major", "Violin Sonata No. 7, op30 no2, C minor", "Violin Sonata No. 8, op30 no3, g major" were completed in 1802, dedicated to Alexander I of Russia.
In 1802, Beethoven's ear disease worsened, making him miserable and anxious, and his personality more irritable and uneasy, so Beethoven often avoided the crowd, walked alone in the countryside, and placed himself in the natural field, and the work "Violin Sonata No. 7, op30 No2, C minor" was completed in such a situation, in which Beethoven's pain and struggle could be felt, and in "The Eighth Violin Sonata, op30 no3, G major", Most of them feel the beautiful scenery in the countryside and the pictures of small animals running and jumping flexibly, showing a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere.
At that time, it was the transition period between Beethoven's first creative period and the second creative period, so some of Beethoven's methods of entering the second creative period can be found in this song.
The "Ninth Violin Sonata" represents a period of maturity
Beethoven's Violin Sonata No. 9, op.47- Cletzer, in a major, is a violin sonata composed by Beethoven between 1802 and 1803, originally dedicated to the famous British violinist George Bridgetower (1778–1860). The violinist performed the piece for the first time on 24 May 1803 at the augarten theatre.
Bridgetauer had never seen the score of the song before the performance, let alone rehearsed it, but his improvisational collaboration with Beethoven was a success. Because of their happy cooperation, Beethoven prepared to dedicate the song to Bridgetauer. However, after that, Beethoven and Bridgetauer fell into emotional entanglement and contradiction with the same lady, and an angry Beethoven removed the original inscription and dedicated it to the famous violinist rudolf Kletzer instead. Still, Kletzer found the work incomprehensible and never played it. In fact, Kletzer and Beethoven have only one side, and he does not care about any of Beethoven's works.
This Violin Sonata No. 9, op.47- Cletzer, in A major, is known for its required violin playing skills, deep and passionate feelings, and nearly forty minutes of playing time. This magnificent piece of violin skill is undoubtedly the best of all Beethoven's violin sonatas, and also marks the maturity of Beethoven's creation.
In the face of changes in life, the "Tenth Violin Sonata" became a resounding sound
In 1812, at the age of 42, Beethoven composed his Violin Sonata No. 10, op.96, in G major, composed by pierre rode, the famous French violinist of the time, on a visit to Austria, a decade after the completion of the last "Nine" and the last violin sonata.
The birth of this work coincided with a time when Beethoven's life changed dramatically. External social changes were Napoleon's invasion and occupation of Vienna, and more importantly, he was enduring physical and mental struggles, and his hearing was getting worse and worse, which made him feel happy in the past music, environment, and all kinds of relationships suddenly gone.
Dedicated to the violinist Rod, Roedd came to Vienna in 1812 and left a good impression on Beethoven during the performance. On 29 December 1812, Rod premiered it at the Royal Palace of Vienna by Prince Franz joseph von lobkowitz, when Rhodes was thirty-eight years old and accompanied by the forty-three-year-old Grand Duke Rudolf. In His biography Beethoven published by Paul Baker, it is mentioned that Rudolf was a friend who truly admired Beethoven's talents, so he never paid attention to the interests, and he was the only patron of the three important people who financed Beethoven (as well as Count Razumovsky and Prince Lobkovez) until Beethoven's death.
*Some of the information in this article refer to:
1. Violin Workshop Network - Literature
2. Reference article "Kreuze is not the end - a brief analysis of Beethoven's tenth violin sonata (op.96)"
Beijing News reporter Liu Zhen
Edited by Tian Kaini Proofreader Li Lijun
Source: Beijing News