Dancing poison moth, also known as swing caterpillar, apple poison moth, persimmon caterpillar, is a wide range of leaf-eating pests, mainly harming poplar, willow, mulberry, apple, persimmon, pear, peach, apricot, etc., when serious, the whole leaf can be eaten. Today, Xiaobian will lead you to understand the morphological characteristics, occurrence rules and control methods of peach tree dancing poison moth, as follows:
1. Morphological characteristics
1.1 Adults
Hermaphroditic, male moths are 16 tons and 1 mm long, have a wingspan of 37 to 54 nm, and the forewings are grayish brown or brown, with dark serrated transverse lines. There is a black-brown dot in the center of the middle chamber, a curved black-brown stripe on the transverse veins, and a yellowish-brown color on the reverse side of the anterior and posterior wings. The female moth is 22 to 3 ~ long, the wingspan is 58 ah 0 mm, the forewings are yellowish white, the transverse veins in the middle chamber obviously have a "<" shaped black brown stripe, other markings are similar to those of the male moth, and there is a black-brown spot between each two veins on the outer edge of the anterior and posterior wings. The female moth has a large abdomen and a twig of yellow-brown hairs at the end.
1.2 Eggs
The eggs of the dancing moth are round, slightly flattened on both sides, 13 mm in diameter, initially apricot-yellow, later turn brown, and the eggs are densely packed into an egg block, covered with yellow-brown villi.
1.3 Larvae
Dancing poison moth 1 instar larvae head width 0. 5II.1111, the body is black brown, the bristles are long, and the bristles have a bubble-like enlarged hair in the middle, called "sail". It is a structure that loses weight and is easily spread by the wind. The 2nd instar larvae have a broad head, black, a dark brown body, and two yellow markings on the thorax and abdomen. The head of the 3-instar larvae is 1. 8mm． Black grey. Thorax and abdomen patterns increase. The 4-instar larvae have heads 3 mII.i wide and are brown. 2 distinct dark markings appear on the head. 5 instar larvae with a wide head 4. 4nm, yellow-brown, insect body pattern similar to 4 instar. 6- and 7th instar larvae have heads 5_3 us. omm, head light brown. Scattered black dots, "eight" shaped black markings are wide, the dorsal line is grayish yellow, and there are hairs in each body segment of the sub-dorsal line, the upper line of the valve and the lower line of the valve, a total of 6 longitudinal columns, and the back of the 2 columns of hair tumors are brightly colored, and the first 5 pairs of blue. The last 7 pairs are red.
1.4 Pupae
The body is 19 to 34 mm long, the female pupa is large, the male pupa is small, the body is reddish brown or black brown, and it is covered with rusty yellow hairs.
2. Occurrence law
The larvae of the embryonic development overwinter in the egg from August to April of the following year, the larvae and pupae period are shorter, and the larvae hatch in late April or early May, and the morning and evening of hatching are related to the temperature of the egg mass. The larvae hatch and cluster on the original egg blocks, and when the temperature warms up, they go up to the tree to feed on the young shoots. Instar larvae can use the wind and the "sails" on their bodies to drift far, up to 1. 6km。 Dispersed feeding after 2 years of age. Lurking under fallen leaves, tree rights, bark crevices or under-tree rocks during the day, feeding on trees in the evening and crawling to hidden places at dawn. Young larvae are sagging after being shaken and spread by wind, so they are also called swing caterpillars. Late larvae have a strong ability to reptile and transfer hazards. Can eat all the leaves. Males molt 5 times and females molt 6 times. All night group trees molt, the larval stage is about 60 days, 5 months are the most serious, in mid-to-late June gradually mature, crawl to the hidden place cocoon pupa. From late June to early July, pupals are the most common, pupal period 12 to 17 days, adult insects in July a large number of feathers, mid-to-late July is the peak period. Adults have phototropism, and female moths have strong attraction, can release extraneous hormones to lure male moths to mate, and lay eggs after mating. It is mostly prolific in the shade of the trunk or main branch, in the tree hole, on the stone block, under the eaves, etc., and the male moth is good at flying, and often flies in groups in the forest during the day. Each egg can be laid 1 to 2 pieces, and each female moth can produce 400 to 1 500 eggs per day. The worm mostly occurs at depression closure degree 0. 2~0_3, Broad-leaved forests with no lower trees or pine forests with sparse vegetation. The climate is dry and conducive to the occurrence of the dancing poison moth.
3. Prevention and control methods
3.1 Manual collection
In the year when the dancing poison moth occurs, the eggs of the dancing poison moth are generally concentrated in large quantities under rock cliffs, tree trunks, grasses, etc., and the egg period is up to 9 months. Therefore, it is easy to implement manual collection and centralized destruction. Larvae can also be collected artificially, and this method is better implemented in small areas of severe occurrence plots, which can control the large occurrence of poison moths. Therefore, all forces that can be mobilized must be mobilized to concentrate on the collection of egg blocks. And destroyed in time to reduce the density of insect population. Collection should be made at the age of ̈ before the binge feeding period of the larvae of the dancing moth. The larval collection method can be used as an extension and complement to the egg harvesting method
3.2 Tobacco agent prevention and control
From late May to early June of each year, chemical tobacco control is carried out around the 3rd instar stage of the dancing moth larvae, and the smoke release time is generally in the early morning or evening when the inversion layer appears, and the distance between the smoke points is 7 m and the distance between the smoke points is 300 m. If it exceeds 300m, the auxiliary smoke belt should be supplemented. When releasing smoke, we must follow the safety operating procedures of the tobacco agent, pay attention to fire prevention during the smoke release process, and prevent forest fires. And the tobacco agent should be mainly based on biological pesticides to reduce the damage effect of chemical pesticides on the environment. However, chemical agents can also be used to urgently reduce the density of insect populations when necessary to reduce disaster losses.
3.3 Light booby traps
Timely grasp the beginning of feathering of the dancing poison moth, predict the peak of feathering, and use black light or frequency vibration lamps to distribute high-voltage power grids in the wild for booby traps. When the lamp is emitted, more than 2 sets are used as a group, and the distance between the lamp and the lamp is 500iil, which can achieve a better prevention and control effect. In the process of lamp seduction, we must pay attention to spraying chemical insecticides on the open space around the lamp to kill all kinds of pests in time.