sequence
The top of Nanyue
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Since at least the Spring and Autumn Period, Chinese society has had a social group of people who regard death as a homecoming, who dare and are willing to die for their confidants.
In essence, this group is the "chivalrous" in the jianghu. Some of them are "assassins"—or professional killers who are loyal to their integrity.
Because they often travel around the world and are used by people, they may be called "Rangers". Xun Yue said, "Those who stand up in unison, be a weifu, and make personal friends, so as to stand up to the world, are called rangers." "In the novel "Chronicles of the States of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty", there are vivid descriptions of some rangers.
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However, the "Rangers" are not necessarily all people in the jianghu, and many of them have legitimate and even glamorous — at least legitimate social occupations.
In Tai Shi Gong's "Records of History", there are "Biographies of Rangers" and "Biographies of Assassins", as well as in the two "Books of Han" there are some heroic objects and their deeds.
Of course, this also reflects the "beauty of the Rangers", reflecting the attitude and feelings of Tai Shi Gong and other authors towards these heroes and assassins.
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Later, with the formation of the cultural atmosphere of Chinese society that emphasizes literature and light martial arts, the rangers and assassins who are dissatisfied with the people's hearts and minds have lost the social soil of their existence, and the remaining or re-formed giants have lost interest in supporting them.
So, those (or all) aspiring Ranger Assassins put down their short swords, picked up their books, temporarily forgot about "the wind is cold and the water is cold", and embarked on the road of life of "many cars and horses in the book".
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As a result, a large number of readers with chivalrous dreams and jianghu feelings came into being.
There are many such figures in history, and the "cane and sword reading" has also become a major landscape for traditional scholars in some specific periods.
Therefore, not all of the traditional Chinese readers ride donkeys, but also ride war horses; not all of them are low-brow and chant "Qin Rhyme to Kaoru Heart", but also participate in the "Autumn Soldiers on the Battlefield". Even if you are drunk, you are still drunk on the battlefield, the desert is lonely, and you pick up the lamp to see the sword.
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Han Feizi said: "Confucianism is chaotic with the law, while chivalry is forbidden by force." However, it does not matter whether the "chivalrous" group continues to exist, what is important is the eternal existence of the chivalrous spirit; it is often difficult to judge whether the assassin violates the prohibition or not, but the age of the assassin must be an era with a story.
Perhaps, everyone has a dream of "the end of the sword", and everyone will have the ideal of being a chivalrous guest. This is not only an impulse of life, but also a responsibility, a quality, and a brave defense of justice.
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Chivalry exists not only in the world, but also in the afterlife, not only in the city, but also in Galan.
Historically, among the Chinese monks, there were also those known as "chivalrous monks". Starting with this article, I will introduce this briefly.
However, because the deeds of the "chivalrous monks" in the history books are not rich and specific, Quan Dang is a clue to the data. Some details, limited to space, are not displayed here and will be done later.
is the preamble.
1. Great Wisdom Zonggao
Nanyue Zhusheng Temple
During the Southern Song Dynasty, the traitorous chancellor Qin Ju (1090-1155) suppressed dissidents, formed parties for personal gain, and betrayed power and the country.
Zhang Jiucheng (1092-1159), an official of the Ministry of Rites, advocated resisting Jin and opposing peace, which annoyed Qin Ju. Zhang Jiucheng was immediately degraded by Qin Songfa.
This was not enough, Qin Ju knew that Zhang Jiucheng had a monk friend named Miaoxi, which facilitated the eleventh year (1141) of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty, on the grounds that Miaoxi was Zhang Jiucheng's party, "destroyed his clothes and channeled Hengzhou (present-day Hengyang, Hunan)." In October of the 36th year, the edict moved to Meiyang. (Biography of the Ming Monk, vol. 5)
The "History of Song" says: "The monk Zong Gao of Jingshan talked about Zen theory, and from the crowd of tourists, ninety percent of the time came and went. Fearing that he was discussing himself, He ordered The Counselor Zhan Dafang to discuss his and Zong Gao's slander against the government and the Southern An Army. ”
Who is the Myoki, who? That is, the Important Zen Master of the Yangqi Sect of the Linji Sect of the Song Dynasty, Dahui Zonggao (1089~1163), was a native of today's Xuanzhou area, and was also called Miaoxi because of his residence in Miaoxi'an.
The place of the Great Wisdom Sect in the history of Zen Buddhism is not self-evident here. It is worth mentioning his attitude in the face of rape and persecution.
According to the Records of the Four Dynasties, Qin Juniper "died in the South China Sea with his staff Miaoxi, backstabbed." Myoki didn't try it. "Zong Gao can be described as awe-inspiring in righteousness, and his eyebrows are cold.
This not only reflects the style and bones of the Zen master, but also expresses that the Zen master has the correct values.
Perhaps because of this, Dahui Zonggao was highly praised by Zhu Xi, praising: "Elder Gao is the hero of the Zen family."
(The photo in this article is taken by the author)