Inner Mongolia animal community refers to the general term for various animals living in Inner Mongolia and adapting to the natural conditions such as climate and vegetation in Inner Mongolia. Inner Mongolia has a vast territory, and at the same time has forests, grasslands, lakes, deserts and other different ecological environments, with a wide variety of animal species, a total of 114 species of mammals and 362 species of birds in the whole region, including more than 10 species of precious and rare animals, 8 species of national first-class protected animals, 15 species of second-class animals, and 16 species of third-class animals. Animals in Inner Mongolia have different characteristics due to different living environments.
Animal communities in forested areas. (Mainly the Daxing'anling forest area) has the common characteristics of molamenting, changing coat color, hibernating, changing food, storing food, and migrating. Daxing'anling is one of the areas rich in animal resources in China, and the mammals mainly include foxes, black bears, brown bears, lynx, weasels, otters, sables, squirrels, forest rats, moose, red deer, musk deer, sika deer, wild boar and so on. Birds include hazelnuts, slender-billed grouse, woodpeckers and so on.
Animal communities in the steppe. The composition is relatively simple, rodents are particularly prosperous among mammals, even ungulate species are few but numerous, and insects and insect-feeding animals are also more. Most of the mammals have the characteristics of cave life, rapid running, long-distance migration, hibernation, etc., mainly including grassland voles, grassland weasels, yellow sheep, weasels, etc., birds are mostly migratory birds and traveling birds, including larks, horned larks, Mongolian larks and so on.
Animal communities in desert areas. Rodents and even ungulates are the mainstay, and there are more reptiles, and the physiological characteristics of animal drought tolerance are very prominent, and the vision is particularly developed, burrowing, hibernating, and good at running. The main animals are jerboa, gerbil, goose-throated antelope, shuffle fox, sand lizard, hemp lizard and so on.
Temperate coniferous forest fauna: temperate coniferous forest climate, animal communities under vegetation conditions, inner Mongolia temperate coniferous forest fauna is mainly distributed in the northeast of the Daxing'anling area, mainly composed of hardy and broad adaptable animal species, including most of the tundra, even-hoofed animals such as moose, northeast red deer, wild boar, etc., small odondonts such as van rat, dalin ji rat, etc., carnivores such as weasels, brown bears, etc., birds have grouse, queer, etc., reptiles, amphibians are few, the distribution of this fauna is very unbalanced Mostly distributed on both sides of the river or secondary forest shrubs and forests with a large swamp area, the vertical structure of the distribution of fauna is relatively simple, mainly distributed in the ground layer and the top two basic layers of the tree, the animal food conditions are relatively single, mostly in the coniferous forest and conifer branches, bark for food, the number of fauna is unstable, the number of many species with the amount of food produces periodic changes, animals are mostly settled life, winter has the habit of storing food and hibernating, most animals have long hair, thick hair, thick hair, Temperate forests and grasslands to adapt to the harsh winter climate.
Farmland fauna: China is mainly distributed in the northeast forest belt south to the Qinling-Huai River line north of the vast temperate monsoon area, Inner Mongolia temperate forest, grassland, farmland fauna are mainly distributed in the central and southeast regions, temperate forest, grassland belt animals are relatively poor, mainly wild boar, red deer, gray rats, etc., the most widely distributed in the farmland is small camp animals, such as gray hamsters, long-tailed hamsters, northeast pan rats, in addition to foxes, ferrets, etc., common birds are big, swamp, house swallows, willow warblers, etc. Reptiles include tabby snakes, spotted lizards, mountain lizards, etc., amphibians with ground removal, frogs and so on.
Temperate grassland fauna: The temperate grassland fauna of Inner Mongolia is mainly distributed in the eastern part of the Inner Mongolia Plateau, from the western foothills of the Daxing'anling Mountains and the western Songliao Plain in the east to the east of the Ordos Plateau. The eastern margin is mixed with temperate forest fauna, and the western edge has the invasion of desert fauna, and the animal composition is relatively simple, mostly group animals. Prairie rodents are mainly composed of a few species in the genus of marmot, mole rat, marmot, vole, etc., and even ungulates are mainly represented by yellow sheep. Carnivores such as weasels and shuffle foxes are more common. Common birds are Mongolian larks, horned larks, larks and larks. Birds are most abundant in the aquatic environment. Reptiles are more common in limp-spotted hemp lizards and Yulin shaxin, and amphibians include flower-backed toads and frogs. It is suitable for temperate grassland climate and vegetation.
Temperate desert and semi-desert fauna: an animal community suitable for temperate desert, semi-desert climate and vegetation, the main characteristics are the lack of animal species, the number is small, rodents and reptiles are dominant. The temperate desert and semi-desert fauna in Inner Mongolia are mainly distributed in the western region, and the desert animals are particularly adaptable, have a variety of adaptability to unfavorable environmental factors, and their adaptation to high temperatures is manifested as nocturnal appearance and temporary reduction of body temperature; the adaptation to drought is manifested as being good at using metabolic water to maintain life and summer sleep; the adaptation to the open landscape is manifested as burrowing, good running, and sand color; the adaptation to the special substrate is manifested in the formation of some adaptation structures for the feet and toes. Animal species are mostly rodent and reptile lizard species, birds, amphibians are few. Among the rodents, jerboas and gerbils are the mainstay, and among the scorpions, the sand lizards and hemp lizards are dominant. In addition, there are snakes such as belly snakes, sand pythons, red-necked swimming snakes, etc., common birds such as sand pengs and desert ducks, and amphibians only have one species of flower-backed toad.
black bear
sable
squirrel
red deer
Slender-billed grouse
weasel
Goose-throated antelope
grouse
skylark
Red-necked swimming snake
Flower-backed toad