<h1>Wheat suckers</h1>
<h1>Wheat tube aphid</h1>
<h1>Wheat water fly</h1>
<h1>Wheat straw fly</h1>
<h1>Wheat black spotted leafminer fly</h1>
Wheat suckers
The scientific name of the suckers that occur on China's wheat includes two kinds of wheat red plasma suckers and wheat yellow plasma suckers. The scientific name of the wheat red plasma sucker is Sitodiplosis mosellana (G6hin) and the wheat yellow plasma sucker is Comtarinia tritci (Kiby). Both belong to diptera, a family of leptopters, and are world pests. The former is mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan and the plain wheat area along the rivers; wheat yellow suckers are mainly distributed in Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and other high-latitude areas.
Host wheat, barley, green trees, oats, rye, finches, etc.
For the characteristics of the pest, the larvae suck the wheat grain slurry, the occurrence of deflection, severe caused by the harvest, is a devastating pest.
Morphological characteristics Of the wheat red somatochaesis Female adults are 2-2.5 mm long, have a wingspan of about 5 mm, and have an orange-red body. Compound eyes are large and black. The forewings are transparent with 4 well-developed veins, and the hindwings degenerate into balance sticks. The antennae are slender, and the female has 14 antennae, rosary-shaped, and the segments are oblong and expanded, with 2 rings of bristles on top. The thorax is well developed, the abdomen is slightly spindle-shaped, and the spawning tubes are fully protruding. The male is about 2 mm long, with 14 antennae, no shrinkage in the middle of the stalk and stem segment, 12 sections of whip, and each segment has 2 spherical bulging majorities, and annular bristles. The egg is 0.09 mm long, oblong, and light red. The larvae are about 2–3 mm long, oval, orange-yellow, small, footless, maggot-shaped, with a "Y" shaped blade on the ventral surface of the anterior thorax, the anterior bifurcated, and the depression is deep. The pupa is 2 mm long, bare pupae, orange-brown, with 2 short white hairs and length on the front of the head
1 pair of snorkels. The female is about 2 mm long, the body is bright yellow, and the egg layer is the same length as the body when it protrudes. The male is 1.5 mm long and has no teeth on the inner edge of the apneus of the apneus at the end of the abdomen. The egg is o.29 mm long and banana-shaped. The larvae are 2-2.5 mm long, yellow-green, smooth on the surface, with sword bone pieces on the ventral surface of the anterior chest, and the front of the sword bone piece is curved and shallow, and there are 2 protrusions at the end of the abdomen. Pupae are bright yellow with 1 pair of long hairs at the tip of the head.
Life Habits Wheat Red Plasma Suckers are born 1 generation per year or a complete generation in many years, and the final larvae form a round cocoon in the soil for more summer or wintering. The following year, when the ground temperature at 10 cm below ground is higher than 10 °C, the wheat enters the jointing stage, the overwintering larvae break the cocoon and rise to the topsoil layer, the ground temperature of 10 cm reaches about 15 °C, when the wheat is pregnant, the cocoon pupae is formed, and the pupal period is 8-10 days; at a ground temperature of 10 cm around 20 °C, the wheat begins to draw ears, the wheat red sucker worms begin to feather out of the soil, and the eggs are laid on the unflowed ears of wheat after mating on the same day, and the feathering period of adult insects everywhere is consistent with the wheat into the ear extraction stage. The insect is photophobic, mostly lurking in the lower bushes of wheat plants at noon, mostly in the morning and evening activities, eggs are more concentrated in the protection and external ying, panicle shaft and small spike stalk, etc., each female lays 60-70 eggs, adult life expectancy of about 30 days, egg stage
5-7 days, the hatching larvae from the inner and outer gaps into the wheat husk, attached to the ovary or freshly filled wheat grain for 15-20 days, after 2 molting, the larvae shorten and harden, begin to lie in the wheat husk, resist dry and hot weather, at this time the wheat has entered the wax ripening stage. In the event of heavy humidity or rain and dew, after waking up, another layer of skin crawls out of the ying, bounces off the ground, and drills into the cocoon at 1ocm from the crack in the soil for more summer or wintering. The insect has a dormant habit for many years, in the spring drought year, some can not break the cocoon pupa, some have broken the cocoon, and can re-cocoon and sleep again, and the dormancy period can be as long as 12 years. Hebei wheat red sorrel sucker was rampant in the 1960s, late 1980s and mid-1990s (1994-1996), the reason is that with the promotion of fertilizer water conditions and high-yield cultivation technology, moist and fertile conditions are conducive to its feathering and survival, wheat-maize-wheat planting methods have occurred heavily. Second, plasma suckers have strong stress resistance, and can dormant in the soil for 6-12 years when conditions are not appropriate. The third is the lack of insect-resistant (resistant) varieties. Fourth, the monitoring of insect conditions is difficult, and there are many missed inspections. Wheat yellow plasma suckers are born 1 generation per year, adult worms occur slightly earlier than wheat red plasma suckers, female worms lay eggs in the initially extracted ears of wheat between the inner and outer ying, the larvae hatch as a flower pest, and then suck the grouted wheat grains, the old mature larvae leave the wheat ears early, in the soil moisture tolerance, drought tolerance is lower than the wheat red plasma suckers. Other habits are similar to those of wheat red plasma suckers. The occurrence of somatolars is closely related to rain and humidity, and the rain is sufficient in the spring from March to April, which is conducive to the overwintering larvae breaking the cocoon and rising to the soil surface, pupaizing, feathering, spawning and hatching. In addition, varieties with hard, fastened and tight coats, thick seed coats and rapid grain filling were less affected. Panicle extraction is neat, panicle extraction stage and sucker worm adult occurrence of peak staggered varieties, adult worms lay few or no eggs, can avoid its harm. The main predators are the broad-bellied wasp, the bare-bellied black bee, the ant, the spider and so on.
Control methods (1) Selection of insect-resistant wheat varieties such as Xuzhou No. 21, Xuzhou 211, Racecourse No. 2, Luoyang 851, Luoyang 852, Fanzhai No. 4, Xiannong 151, Wunong No. 99, Lin 50744, etc., can be used according to local conditions. (2) Adjust the crop layout to improve the farmland environment, promote the integrated planting mode of wheat-soybean, wheat or wheat and cotton, and optimize the assembly of comprehensive defense technology. (3) Pay close attention to the prevention and control of various insect states. Wheat plasma suckers live underground for a long time, the insect body is small, and the number is large, and it should be controlled in three steps. The first is to sprinkle poisonous soil before sowing wheat to control larvae in the soil, and carry out soil treatment before sowing. Each 667 m2 with 40% methyl isosyphosphorus or 50% octylthion emulsion 200 ml, 5 kg of water, sprayed on 20 kg of dry soil, mixed well to make poisonous soil withdrawn on the surface, rake or turned into the soil surface layer effective. The second is to remove the poisonous soil during the wheat gestation period to control larvae and pupae, which is a key period for the control of the insect. When the soil temperature is 15 °C, the wheat is in the stage of pregnant ears, when the suckers move to the soil surface layer to begin pupal and feathering, this is the period of weak resistance, the southern wheat area in late March to early April winter wheat jointing period; the northern spring wheat area in May into the jointing, the soil larvae break the cocoon to rise the soil surface every 667m2 with 40% methyl isotyphosphorus or 50% octylthiophosphorus emulsion 150ml, according to the above method to make poisonous soil, evenly sprinkled on the surface, hoeing, the poisonous soil mixed into the topsoil layer. It can also be sprinkled with poisonous soil after the dew dries 3-5 days before the wheat ear extraction, and the poisonous soil preparation method is the same as above, which can effectively eliminate pupae and adult insects that have just feathered in the topsoil. The third is the control of adult insects during the flowering period of wheat ear extraction. When the wheat is extracted, the soil temperature is 20 ° C, the adults are feathered out of the soil or fly to the ears to lay eggs, then combined with the control of wheat aphids, spray the removal of methyl enemy powder or B enemy powder 667m2 with 2-73kg, if necessary, spray 40% Lego emulsion or 50% octylthion emulsion or 80% dichlorvos emulsion 2000 times liquid, or 2.5% cypermethrin emulsion or 20% permethrin emulsion 4000 times liquid or 36% g mite emulsion 1000 times liquid. Conditional or emergency situation can also be used 40% Lego emulsion or 50% octyl thiophos emulsion, 80% dichlorvos emulsion 100ml, 15kg of water for ultra-low volume spray. In areas or slopes where the water source is inconvenient, 667m2 with 80% dichlorvos emulsion 100ml, 1-2kg of water, sprayed on 20kg of fine soil to make poisonous soil sprinkled in wheat fields also has a better prevention effect. The egg stage of the worm is long, and the occurrence of heavy diseases can be controlled twice consecutively.
Wheat tube aphid
Scientific name Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) synonym Macrosiphum avenae (Fabriciu3) Homoptera, Aphididae. It is distributed in all wheat-producing areas of the country.
Host wheat, barley, oats, southern occasional rice, corn, sugarcane, harvest grass and so on.
Characteristics of the damage The wheat tube aphid is concentrated on the front or back of the leaf in the early stage, and the sap is concentrated on the ear in the later stage, resulting in slow growth of the affected plant, reduced tillering, and decreased 1,000 grain weight, which is an important pest of wheat crops. It is also the dominant species in wheat aphids.
Morphological characteristics Wingless parthenopers are 3,1 mm long and 1.4 mm wide, long ovate, grass green to orange-red, with a slightly greyish head and gray-green spots on the ventral side. Antennae, beak segment, financial segment, abdominal canal black. The tail patch is light in color. The abdomen is 6-8 and the ventral mask is transversely reticulated, without a tumor. Short stalk of the mid-thorax-ventral fork. The frontal tumor has a significant extraversion. The antennae are slender, less than the body length, and the base of the 3rd section has 1-4 secondary sensory circles. The beak is thick and larger than the basal segment of the midfoot. The ends are conical and 1.8 times the base width. The ventral canal is long cylindrical, 1/4 of the body length, and has more than a dozen lines of reticulation at the end. The tail is long and conical, 1/2 of the length of the abdominal canal, and has 6-8 curved hairs. Winged parthenopers are 3.0 mm long, oval, green, with black antennae, and 8-12 sensory circles lined up in the 3rd segment. The beak does not reach the basal node of the mid-foot. The ventral canal is oblong-cylindrical, black, with 15-16 rows of transverse reticulation at the end, and the tail is long and conical, with 8-9 hairs.
Life Habits 20 to 30 generations per year, in most areas wingless parthenogenesis adult aphids and nymphs overwinter in the rhizosphere of wheat plants or in the crevices of the surrounding soil masses, and some can continue to live on the leaves of leeward and sunny wheat fields. The insect belongs to the incomplete cycle type in the central and southern parts of China, that is, parthenogenesis throughout the year does not produce aphid generations, and the summer high temperature season lives on wheat autobiosis seedlings or grass weeds in mountainous or high-altitude shady areas. In the wheat field, there are two peaks in spring and autumn, and the amount of aphids in summer and winter is small. After the emergence of winter wheat seedlings in autumn, they moved into the wheat field from the summer host for short-term propagation, and there was a small peak, which was not harmful. After mid-to-late November, the overwinter begins as the temperature drops. After the spring returns to green, the temperature is higher than 6 °C to start breeding, below 15 °C the propagation rate is not high, the temperature is higher than 16 °C, the wheat seedlings are transferred to the panicle when the ears are drawn, and the number of insect fields rises rapidly until the aphid volume reaches the peak during the filling and milk ripening stages, the temperature is higher than 22 °C, producing a large number of winged aphids, which migrate to the cold and cool area for summer. The aphid often produces parthenogenous and hermaphroditic oviparous generations in the northern spring wheat area or early sown winter wheat area, with alternating generations. In this area, most of them move into winter wheat fields in September, the average temperature of 14-16 °C in early October enters the peak period, the end of September appears aphids, laying eggs begins in mid-October, and the average temperature of 4 °C in mid-November enters the peak of spawning and overwinters with this egg. In the middle of March of the following year, it entered the peak period of overwintering egg hatching, which lasted for one month, and the spring wheat was first harmed, and in mid-April, it began to migrate to the spring wheat, whether it was spring wheat or winter wheat, and entered the peak period of harm at the ear stage. In mid-June, winged aphids are produced and migrate to cool and cold areas for summer. The suitable temperature of wheat long tube aphid is 10 to 30 °C, of which 18-23 °C is the most suitable, the temperature is 12-23 °C, the number of litters is 48-50 heads, and the 24 °C is reduced. The main predators are ladybirds, aphid-eating flies, grasshoppers, spiders, aphid cocoon peaks, aphid mold and so on.
Prevention and control methods (1) Forecasting. When the rate of aphid plants in the pregnant panicle stage reaches 50%, the average aphid amount of 100 plants is 200-250 or the rate of aphid plants in the early stage of pulp is 70%, and the average aphid rate of 100 plants is 500, it should be controlled. (2) Agricultural control method (1) Selection of insect-resistant varieties. Such as: "Rumai 23". (8) Reasonable layout. In winter and spring wheat mixed areas, the area of winter wheat or winter wheat and spring wheat are concentrated, which can reduce the damage. (8) Timely centralized sowing. Winter wheat is appropriately sown late, and spring wheat is sown early in a timely manner. (4) Reasonable fertilization and watering. (3) Biological control Reduce or improve the method of application to avoid killing natural enemies in wheat fields. Make full use of ladybirds, aphid-eating flies, grass aphids, aphid cocoon bees and other natural enemies, according to the determination of seven-star ladybird adults, eclipse aphids more than 100, the production of wheat aphid composite natural enemy equivalent system, can unify a variety of natural enemies of the standard aphid units and calculation methods, accurately determine the comprehensive ability to control aphids when the occurrence of composite natural enemies, is the basis for the use of other measures. The aphid control index of natural enemies is measured, and the indicator is combined with the chemical defense index and the equivalent system to provide a guarantee for giving full play to the role of natural enemies. If necessary, it can be artificially bred to release or relocate natural enemies; it can effectively control aphids. When the enemy cannot control the wheat aphid, 0,2% matrine (gram aphid) water agent 400 times liquid or aphid mycin (spore content of 2 million / ml) 250 times liquid, 50% aphid mist or 40% oxygen fruit 2000 times liquid are selected, the aphid killing effect is about 90%, and it can protect natural enemies. (4) The following comprehensive prevention measures may be adopted in areas or fields where the above measures do not work. (1) In the wheat yellow dwarf disease endemic area, it is mainly to control aphids at the seedling stage, use 0.3% of 75% 3911 emulsion, add about 7% of the seed amount of water, spray on the wheat seed, and stir while spraying. It can also be used with 50% aphid pine emulsion 150ml, 5kg of water, sprayed on 50kg of wheat seeds, piled up for 6-12 hours after sowing. (8) Cover the seeds with 3% furandan granules or 5% aldicarb granules, 5% 3911 granules, and cover seeds per 667m21.5kg, and the effective period can reach 1-1.5 months. (2) In the epidemic period of non-yellow dwarf disease, focus on the prevention and control of wheat aphids at the panicle stage, if necessary, spray 2.5% flutter aphid wettable powder or 10% imidacloprid (one-time net) wettable powder 2500 times liquid or 2.5% hypertonic imidacloprid wettable powder 3000 times liquid, 50% anti-aphid wettable powder 3500-4000 times liquid, 18% hyperosmolar oxylgo emulsion 1500 times liquid, 50% malathion phosphorus emulsion 1000 times liquid, 20% Confort concentrated solvent or 90% fast spirit soluble powder 3000 - 4000 times liquid, 50% borer pine emulsion 2000 times liquid or 2.5% cypermethrin emulsion 3000 times liquid. You can also choose 40% Huifeng No. 1 emulsion, 30mL per 667m2, 40kg of water, 99% anti-effect, better than 40% oxidized Lego. (4) Arid areas can use 40% Leguo emulsion 50ml, 1-2kg of water, 15kg of fine sand soil, or 80% dichlorvos emulsion 75ml, mixing soil 25kg per 667m2, and withdraw it in the early morning or evening of the wheat ear stage. In order to protect natural enemies, try to use pesticides such as aphid-resistant threats that are less lethal to natural enemies. (5) When wheat aphid and powdery mildew are mixed, spray 100ml of 11% oxygen and ketone emulsion, 50 kg of water, the effect of preventing and controlling wheat aphid is the same as that of oxyleberry, and the effect of preventing and treating powdery mildew is comparable to that of triazolone. (8) Try 20% of the dichlorvos heavy tobacco agent 9-10.5kg/hm2, after 0.5 hours of smoke, the smoke cloud gradually settles to the crop, and the anti-effect is about 80%.
Wheat water fly
The scientific name Hydrellia chinensis Qi et Li called the spherical hairy eye water fly and Hydrellia griseola Fallen called the rice small hairy eye water fly. Both belong to the order Diptera, Water fly family. Also known as rice leafminer fly, barley water fly and so on. Commonly known as sheath diving flies. It is distributed in North China, East China, Northeast China, Gansu and Southwest Wheat Region.
Host wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, etc.
Harmful characteristics Mainly harmful to the above host leaf sheath, the vast majority of which are the leaf sheaths of 1-2 leaves below the harmful flag leaves, and a few are harmful leaves. When infested, the larvae drill into the tissues between the inner and outer skins of the potential leaf sheath or leaves, forming a straight or irregular submersible passage, which often has no obvious feces in the submerged canal, and only the epidermis remains in the later stage. Causes the leaves to dry out prematurely or fail to panicle or empty grains.
Morphological characteristics Adult insect body length 2-4 mm, wingspan 5 mm, body color gray, black antennae, there are 1 pair of wings, the leading edge of the wing is missing 2, the hindwing becomes a balance stick, bright red. The egg is 0.7 mm long, oval, milky white, and the surface of the egg has longitudinal stripes. The terminal larvae are 4–4.5 mm long, flattened cylindrical, pale yellowish white, and the hook is thick black. The pupa is 4 mm long, initially yellowish brown , with 2 small black protrusions at the tail end.
Life habits 2 generations per year in Gansu and 3-4 generations in the southwest wheat region, pupae overwinter in leaf sheaths. After the adult insects feather in the southwest wheat area from February to April of the following year, they first suck nectar in the flowering rape field to supplement nutrition, and after mating, the eggs are laid in the sword leaf of the wheat from the pregnant ear to the ear extraction stage or the frontal base of the upper leaf of the plant, and each leaf has several eggs to more than 10 grains, up to 40-50 grains, the egg stage is 4-10 days, the larval stage is 13-19 days, March to April is the larval pest period, and the old mature larvae pupate in the leaf sheath in early April, sometimes gathering more than 20 heads. In the northern wheat region, the overwintering adults begin to be active in mid-May, mating and laying eggs, the larvae begin in early June, enter the peak period in mid-to-late June, pupate in July, and feather a generation of adults in mid-July. The second generation lays eggs on weeds or self-growing wheat seedlings, and the larvae begin to pupate in late autumn. The occurrence of wheat water fly is closely related to the traits of the varieties, and the production of varieties with young and dark leaves, wide and thick leaves, thick leaf veins and deep depressions, many eggs, and heavy victims.
Control methods (1) Select insect-resistant varieties with hard stems and moderate leaves. (2) Forecasting and forecasting, when the wheat egg rate reaches about 10%, the average number of eggs is more than 10, and when it enters the incubation stage, immediately spray 90% crystalline insect 1500 times liquid or 50% borer pine emulsion 1500-2000 times liquid, 36% g mite fly emulsion 1000-1500 times liquid, 40% Lego emulsion 2000 times liquid, every 667m2 spray good liquid 75L.
Wheat straw fly
Scientific name Meromyza saltatrix Linnaeus Diptera, Stalk flies. It is distributed from Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang in the north, to Guizhou and Yunnan in the south, and to Xinjiang and Tibet in the west. It also occurs in The Hainan region of Qinghai and the Ganzi and Aba regions of Sichuan. Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, and parts of Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu have been more seriously harmed.
Host Wheat, barley, oats, alkali grass, white thatch, etc.
Characteristics of the pest The larvae burrow into the main stem of wheat and other hosts to feed as a pest, and the hatching larvae drill into the wheat stem from the leaf sheath or stem node, or spiral downward moth at the base of the young heart leaf and the base of the panicle node 1/5 to 1/4, forming a dry heart, white spike, rotten panicle, and cannot bear fruit.
Morphological characteristics The male adult is 3-3.5 mm long, the female is 3.7-4.5 mm long, the body is light yellow-green, the compound eyes are black, the thorax back mask has 3 black or dark brown longitudinal stripes, the middle longitudinal stripe is wide in front and narrow in the back, directly connecting the end of the hind edge of the prismatic part, and the longitudinal stripes on both sides are only half or half of the medium longitudinal stripes, and the ends are bifurcated. The antennae are yellow, the gills are black, and the base is yellow. Feet yellowish green. The hind foot leg segments are enlarged. The egg is 1 mm long, spindle-shaped, white, with 10 longitudinal stripes on the surface. The terminal larvae are 6–6.5 mm long, yellowish-green or pale yellowish-green, maggot-shaped. Pupae are pupae, males 4.3-4.7 mm long, females 5-5.3 mm, transparent pupal shell, visible compound eyes, chest, abdomen and so on.
Life Habits Inner Mongolia and other spring wheat areas have 2 generations per year, and winter wheat areas have 3-4 generations per year, and larvae overwinter in the host rhizome or soil crevices or on weeds. In the spring wheat area, the overwintering adults began to see in early and mid-May of the following year, and the end of May and the beginning of June entered the peak period of occurrence, the middle and late June were the peak period of egg laying, the eggs hatched after 4-7 days, and the end of June was the peak period for the larvae, which was about 20 days. Pupate in early to mid-July, pupal period of 5 to 10 days. The first generation of larvae mostly feathered and left the wheat field before the wheat harvest in mid-to-late July, laying their eggs on perennial grasses. Wheat stalk fly in inner Mongolia only has one generation of larvae as a pest of wheat, and the adults feather and lay their eggs at the base of the leaf surface. The 1st and 2nd generations of larvae in the winter wheat area were infested with wheat in April and May, the 3rd generation was transferred to the self-growing wheat seedlings, and the 4th generation was transferred to the autumn seedlings. Henan also has two peak periods of harm a year. The larvae overwinter in pest areas or wild hosts after ripening. Adult insects have phototropism, chemotaxis, adult insects feathered on the same day, active in wheat plants during the day, eggs are mostly produced on 4, 5 leaves of wheat stems, eggs scattered, each female can lay more than 20 eggs, more than 70 to 80 grains. The insect eggs and larval hatching require higher humidity, and varieties with soft stems, wider leaves or fewer hairs of wheat have a high spawning rate and are a serious pest.
Control methods (1) Select insect-tolerant or early-maturing varieties suitable for local conditions. (2) Strengthen cultivation management, so as to achieve early sowing and reasonable dense planting. Strengthen water and fertilizer management to promote the neat growth of wheat. Accelerating the early growth and development of wheat is a fundamental measure to control this insect. (3) Strengthen the prediction and forecast of wheat stalk fly, the winter wheat area in mid-to-late March, the spring wheat area in the middle of May began to check insects, every 2-3 days around 10 o'clock in the top of the wheat seedling sweep net 200 times, when the 200 nets have 2-3 insects, about 15 days later is the peak of overwintering adult feathering, is the first pharmaceutical control appropriate period. In the winter wheat area, there are an average of 25 insects in the 100 nets, which need to be controlled. (4) When the adult wheat stalk fly has reached the control index, it should be sprayed immediately with 2.5% dimethoate powder or 1.5% Leguo powder or 1% 1605 powder, 1.5kg per 667m2. (5) If the wheat stalk fly has spawned a large number of eggs, timely spray 36% g mite emulsion 1000-1500 times liquid or 50% 1605 emulsion 4000 times liquid or 80% dichlorvos emulsion oil and 40% Lego emulsion 1:1 mixed with 1000 times the water or 10% Dagongchen wettable powder 3000 times liquid, 25% rapid extinguishing detergable powder 600 times liquid, every 667m2 spray good liquid 50-75L, the egg control before hatching.
Wheat black spotted leafminer fly
Scientific name Cerodonta denticornis Panler Diptera, submerged fly family. Distributed in Gansu, Taiwan and other provinces.
Host wheat, oats, barley, etc.
Characteristics of the pest The larvae submerge on leaf flesh, and the submerged marks are curved and narrow.
Morphological characteristics Adults are 2 mm long and yellowish brown. The head is yellow, the mesoscope is brown, the monocular triangle is black, and the compound eye is dark brown with blue fluorescence. The antennae are yellow, and the antennae are hairless. The thorax is yellow, with a "convex" glyph-shaped black patch on the back, connected to the neck in the front, posterior to the middle of the mid-thorax shield, and the black spot has a "v" shaped shallow depression in the center; the small shield is yellow, and the shield is black brown. The wings are transparent light blackish brown. The balance stick is light yellow. Each leg segment is yellow. The abdomen has 5 segments, the lateral and posterior margins of the dorsal plate are yellow, the middle is grayish-brown with black hairs, and the ovipositor is cylindrical black. The larvae are 2.5–3.0 mm long, milky white, maggot-like, with 1 pair of anterior valves, black, and 1 pair of rear valves, each with a short stalk, protruding backwards separately.
There is a pair of fleshy protrusions under the end segment of the abdomen, and the abdomen is interspersed with fine micro-spines. Pupae are 2 mm long, light brown, flattened, and visible front and rear valves.
Life habits Algebraic occurrence is unknown, and it is possible to overwinter with pupae. In early and mid-April, adult insects begin to move in wheat fields, laying eggs on wheat leaves, and the larvae hatch and infiltrate the leaf flesh to cause damage, causing the wheat leaves to partially dry up. After the larva matures, it crawls out of the worm path and attaches to the leaf surface pupae and feathering. It occurs widely in late April on spring wheat seedlings in Gansu and on autoborne wheat in September.
Control methods To eliminate adult insects, in early April, when the wheat emerges in the spring and the winter wheat returns to green, 2.5% of the insect powder is sprayed in the field to eliminate the adult insects and prevent them from laying eggs.