Cherry trees should be planted in warm and humid places, requiring loose soil, good ventilation and drainage performance, to have sufficient light, to ensure the right amount of water, not too dry and not too wet, so as not to affect the growth of cherry trees, when the temperature is low in winter, you can apply lime solution on the trunk or a quilt wrapped in the trunk to help the cherry tree overwinter, in the planting process, to prevent cherry tree disease, windy areas are best to build a windbreak forest to ensure that cherry trees can grow and develop normally.
At present, the cherry varieties planted in China are mainly European and American varieties, and European cherry varieties need to grow in a low temperature environment below 4 ° C for 700-1400 hours to complete the winter dormancy necessary for growth, so they are mostly planted in the northern region of China. In the southern region of China, Chinese cherries are mainly planted, in addition to black pearls, there are fewer excellent varieties of Chinese cherries, and the cherry fruits planted are generally small, the sweetness of the fruits is low, and there are cracked fruits and fruit drops before picking.
1. Area where cherries are grown
Cherries have higher temperature requirements but are not hardy, they belong to deciduous fruit trees, native to China's Yangtze River Basin Chinese cherries to live in a warm and humid environment, the ability to resist cold is poor, so mostly in the Yangtze River Basin and the northern microclimate and warmer areas planted.
China's north China, northwest and northeast south of the planting of sweet cherries and sour cherries are relatively easy, summer dry high temperature weather is not conducive to cherry growth, the minimum temperature in winter to minus 28 ° C or more, so as not to cause a large number of cherry trees to crack and glue at night. Flower buds are more fragile, cherry trees when flowering as long as the temperature of the growing environment is below minus 3 ° C, the flower buds will be frost damaged, so plant cherries try not to choose a lower temperature area.
2. Light requirements
Good light will promote the growth of cherry trees, prolong the life of fruit branches, make flower buds full of development, improve the fruit set rate of cherry trees, accelerate the ripening of fruits, and improve the quality of fruits, good coloring, high sugar;
If the light is not sufficient, the cherry fruit tree will grow, and the inner branches on the canopy will be weakened, shortening the life of the fruiting branches, affecting the development of flower buds and fruit set rate, resulting in poor fruit quality. The density should not be too large when planting, and it is necessary to ensure that the branches can be opened as much as possible, and to ensure the light conditions in the canopy to ensure sufficient light and ventilation.
3. Soil selection
The soil for planting cherries requires deep fertility, loose soil, with good air permeability and drainage, cherry trees are more sensitive to salinity in the soil, and it is best to avoid choosing saline-alkali land when planting, the pH value in the soil is best controlled between 5.6-7, if the salinity in the soil is too high, it will reduce the survival rate of ancient trees, which is not conducive to management.
4. Moisture requirements
Cherries have higher requirements for moisture, they are not drought tolerant and flood-tolerant, in addition to Some southern provinces with sufficient rainfall in China, growers who grow cherries in the northern region of China mostly choose to plant in the wet places with a small climate on the slopes.
Whether it is grown in China or overseas, generally choose to grow in coastal areas, these places are suitable for temperature, sufficient light and convenient irrigation, conducive to cherry growth and development, but also will improve the yield and quality of cherries.
Although cherries like a moist growth environment, if too much water will lead to insufficient oxygen in the soil, affecting the normal breathing of the root system, affecting the growth and development of cherry trees, and will also cause rotten roots, glue, and even lead to the death of cherry trees.
5. Cherry trees overwinter
Although the cherry tree is easier to plant, but the cherry saplings of the branches are not strong frost resistance, if the winter temperature is too low, it will make the cherry young tree dehydrated, wrinkled and dry phenomenon, generally in the winter cherry young tree will appear to be the phenomenon of striping, the lighter situation will make the cherry tree shape chaotic, but also affect the early results.
In the winter, in order to help the cherry tree overwinter smoothly, you can use quicklime and water to make lime paste, and then add some salt in it, evenly paint the trunk white, which can reflect the sun's rays to a certain extent, prevent the day and night temperature difference from causing damage to the tree, and in winter, you can also cut off the large amount of transpiration on the tree, and apply Vaseline to the place of the cut to reduce water loss.
6. Disease prevention
Cherry trees are easily infected with root cancer bacteria and nematodes in the soil, and there are many root cancer bacteria in the soil of the old orchards where cherries have been planted, which is not suitable for replanting cherries, nor is it suitable for the development of cherry nurseries, so as not to infect cherry trees with root cancer and cause losses.
The root system of the cherry is shallow, the resistance to the wind is poor, in the winter and early spring is prone to branch drying phenomenon, flower buds will be frostbitten, if the wind is very strong when the flowering is strong, the stigma will blow away the mucus of the stigma, so that the insects can not pollinate. Typhoons in summer and autumn will cause branches to fall, the loss will be greater, if there are often strong winds in the place where cherry trees are planted, create a wind forest to ensure the growth and development of cherry trees.