Some of the seventy-two springs in Jinan have the same name, and are only distinguished by orientation, such as Pearl Spring, Shuyu Spring, Furong Spring, and Boiled Chaff Spring, all of which are divided from north to south; honey fat springs are divided into east and west.
Photo: Li Feng
At the end of 1934, the famous writer Ai Wu lived in Jinan for more than three months and wrote a group of travelogues describing Jinan's famous scenic spots, including one "Pearl Spring and Black Tiger Spring". The Pearl Spring he described was west of black tiger spring, on the edge of the city moat, "with a long stone strip, built into five small ponds." Only one of them kept bubbling up strings of blisters, rising extremely fast, as if a large pot of water was just about to boil... The bubbles that emerge are light silver gray and light blue, and when they rise in the blue water, they are very beautiful, some as big as longan, some as small as cherries, called pearl springs, which is worthy of the name. "What Ai Wu wrote is actually the South Pearl Spring.
The famous geographer Yu Qin's book "Qi Cheng" of the Yuan Dynasty quoted the contents of the Jin Dynasty's "Mingquan Stele," which records: "The pearl of the south, the east of Tiefo Lane." Tiefo Lane, named after the Tiefo Nunnery built in the Song Dynasty, is a north-south alley along the lower river from the west of Sili Street to the north, and was later renamed Water Hutong. "The spring is in the east of the Iron Buddha Temple, and the stone is a square swamp, less than three feet deep, and the stone is powdered. The spring gushes out from the bottom of the stone, like a mani string, and the sunlight is fierce, dangling and dazzling. "The Manichaean mentioned above refers to the Buddhist Mani orb. It can be seen that the magic of this spring and people's love and respect for it.
The Qing Dynasty scribe Guan Shiming recorded in the article "Records of the Springs in the South of the City" that there was a South Pearl Spring in the east of the Nanmen Bridge, "There are two Pearl Springs, and one of them is in the Fu Office." This spring is therefore not based on the word 'south'. The stone is a pool, which can be five or six feet deep and clear to the bottom. The spring is from the sand and reaches the surface of the water, such as Wan Hu Zhu Jie, and the lightning is endless. The Qing Dynasty poet Xu Ziwei praised: "The wind returns to the pond to break through the smoke, and ten thousand pearls gush out." The South Pearl Spring is worthy of the name, and the North Pearl Spring is even more popular.
Photo: Chen Yan
The Jin Dynasty's "Monument to Famous Springs" has a record: "The Pearl of the North, in front of the Baiyun Building." Just as the Ming Dynasty poet Yan Bi sang: "The water under the Baiyun Building is dissolved, and the dripping spring beads reflect the sun and red." Baiyun Tower was built in the early years of the Yuan Dynasty for Zhang Rong, who was posthumously awarded the title of "Duke of Jinan" after Shangshu Province and Marshal of Terracotta Army in Shandong Province. This building is on the south bank of Pearl Spring, majestic and spectacular, north of the Ming Lake blue waves, south of Foshan Qingfeng, especially after the snow, the first day of the snow, the four wild clear lights are picturesque, so it is listed as one of the "Eight Scenic Spots under the Calendar" under the name of "White Cloud Snow Ji". Zhang Yanghao, a famous literary scholar of the Yuan Dynasty, "Baiyun Loufu", has the famous sentence "There are floating clouds and sleeping dogs on the top, and there are turbulent and rushing xia" below. The North Pearl Spring has always been occupied by the Imperial Household Bureau. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the Pearl Spring Compound was the private residence of Zhang Rong, the "Duke of Jinan", commonly known as the "Garden of Zhang Sheren"; zhu Jianyu, the King of De, in the Ming Dynasty, expanded it into the Palace of the Prince of Defan, which was called the Dewang Mansion; in the Qing Dynasty, it was rebuilt as the Inspector of Shandong; and the Republic of China was transformed into the Governor's Office and the Provincial Government Station. This spring is deeply hidden in the Houmen, but it has long been famous, and the literati of the past generations have written countless hymns. Jin Dai Lei Yuan's "Jinan Pearl Spring" has "ten thousand treasures of the earth, and Xuan Meditation does not dare to be private." Cut open the green jade, muddy and flowing. Light and suspicious night light, white and true Mani. The wind blows suddenly and suddenly, and the sun shoots The Russian is radiant"; the Qing Dynasty Pu Songling's "Pearl Spring Fuyuan Guanfeng" has "Jixia Lake Mountain Crown Qilu, Guanliao Resort has a good name." The jade wheel rolls all the time, and the beads trickle down to the day". The Qing Dynasty scholar Wang Chang's "Journey to pearl springs" said very vividly: "The spring comes out of the sand, gathers and scatters suddenly, intermittently, and suddenly slows down." The sun reflects, the big one is the pearl, the small one is the jewel, all of them have reached the surface from the bottom, and they are full of sorrow and tiredness. "When the two emperors of the Qing Dynasty, Kangxi and Qianlong, toured the south, they were stationed on the shore of the Pearl Spring, and they could not help but write poems and leave behind. Hundreds of chapters and thousands of sentences, when counting the Ming Dynasty Benyi poet Bian Gong's poem "100 feet of beaded curtain water surface shop", the most penetrating.
Photography: Wang Qin
Generally speaking, the North Pearl Spring is the spring of the magnates and the fountain of the government, and it is rare for the people to see it. The South Pearl Spring is the spring of the common people, pick and drink, wash and wash, and must be inseparable. The South Pearl Spring has changed from four pools, five pools, and three pools, and today, it has become one pool, and the name has also become Five Lotus Spring. White cloud dog, vicissitudes of the sea mulberry field, who can imagine the unprovoked disappearance of such a historical spring as the South Pearl Spring?
Photography: Shao Kai
Nanshu Yuquan is located in front of the Li Qingzhao Memorial Hall in Baotu Spring Park, where Li Qingzhao's former residence is located. It is said that Yi Anjushi's legendary work "Shuyu Collection" was named after the spring. The Ming Dynasty poet Yan Bi's poem "Nanshu Yuquan" has a verse that reads, "The moon shines in the heart of the wave, and there is no Xiang woman to untie her skirt", describing the spring as clear and lovely. The North Shuyu Spring was originally in the courtyard of No. 119 Houyingfang Street (Shui Chao An, also known as Jindi Temple), and the spring water quietly overflowed, accompanied by the sound of the Buddha trumpet, which was obviously much colder than the South Shu Yu Spring. Today, the temple has been demolished, and the North Shuyu Spring has been buried in the ground, making it difficult to find a trace.
"A pool of new green hibiscus water", the Qing Dynasty poet Dong Yun's poem refers to the Furong Spring, which is located in the courtyard of No. 69 Furong Street. The "Qi Cheng" records: "Yue Furong, in front of the Jiang Family Pavilion". At that time, the water surface of Maundy Lake was huge, the hibiscus (lotus) was in full bloom, and the spring water near the left was like red makeup, so the name of the spring was Hibiscus, and the street was also called because of this. And in Daizong Street, north of Furong Spring, there is also a glance at North Furong Spring. This spring is located in the east of the Bixia Palace (commonly known as Niangniang Temple) built in the Ming Dynasty, in front of the Shuiguan Temple built in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, this area was a lakeside wetland, with reeds, lotus lotus swaying in the hibiscus pond, and the spring in the east of the pond was also named after the hibiscus. Because there is already a Furong Spring in the south of Furong Street, this spring is called The North Furong. In the 1950s, Niangniang Temple became the headquarters of Daizong Street Primary School, and Shuiguan Temple became a branch of Daizong Street Primary School, that is, the lower grade department. I was studying here at that time, and I passed by North Furong Spring every day after school. I only remember that the spring water is extremely clear, and the string of water bubbles rises leisurely until it breaks through the water surface, and the people who come here to pick up water are endless. A few years ago, I occasionally saw in Yin Jun's article "Jinan Famous Spring Examination": "North Furong Spring, in the courtyard of No. 24 Daizong Street, has been buried and built toilets." Whoops, my dreams haunt the North Hibiscus Spring, and your fate leaves me speechless.
Facing each other from north to south, this pair of twin sisters is like a twin sister of the Mingquan family.
Author: Wei Jingqun
Source: Jinan Ancient City Historic District