Jellyfish details

It belongs to the phylum Coelenterate, Bowl Jellyfish, Rhizomeopterae, Rhizomeaceae, Jellyfish. The scientific name is Rhopilema esculenta Kishinouye. One of the large edible jellyfish. It is named because many of the tiny spiny cells on the surface of the body contain toxins that radiate through the spiny filament and sting into the skin, causing itching and redness. It is mainly produced off the coast of China, with a small distribution in Korea and Japan, and has been recorded in the Far East of the Soviet Union. The earliest record is found in the Jin Dynasty Zhang Hua's "Natural History", called the fish. In the Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen wrote the "Compendium of Materia Medica" and described its medicinal value. In modern times, salt and alum are processed into commodities, and it is a seafood dish with a unique flavor.

Species and distribution There are 4 species of jellyfish. Among them, there are three species of jellyfish, yellow spot jellyfish [R. hispidum (Vanboffen)] and R. rhopalophorum Haeckel, which are distributed in China. Jellyfish are large warm water jellyfish. The umbrella is raised in the shape of a steamed bun, and the maximum diameter of the umbrella can reach 1 meter, which is the main body of Chinese edible jellyfish. Rod jellyfish are small (40 to 100 mm in diameter) with a thin layer of medium rubber and a small number, which has been recorded in Xiamen, China, and is also found in Madagascar. The macular jellyfish is produced in the South China Sea, with an umbrella diameter of 250 to 350 mm, which has certain production value; it is also distributed in Japan, the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. In addition to jellyfish species, edible jellyfish also include Stomolophus meleagris L. Agassiz, which is mainly found off the coast of China; it is also found in Japan, Indonesia, the Pacific coast from California to Ecuador in the United States, and on the Atlantic coast from New England to Brazil in the United States; lobonema in the leaf wrist jellyfish family Lobonematidae smithi Mayer) and lobonemoides gracilis Light. The former is found in the South China Sea as well as Vietnam, the Philippines and the Indian Ocean; the latter is distributed in the South China Sea and the Philippines. The number is small. Jellyfish account for more than 80% of China's total production of edible jellyfish. Jellyfish are found in the vast waters off the coast of China from the mouth of the Yalu River in the north to the Beibu Gulf in the south. Historically, the amount of resources has always been the most abundant offshore in Zhejiang; since the 1980s, the resources of various sea areas have declined significantly, but the resources of Liaodong Bay have risen sharply, ranking first in the country. Because jellyfish are annual and the population consists of a single generation, the instability of this fishery resource is determined, and the amount of resources in the same sea area often changes drastically from year to year. The reasons affecting the decline of jellyfish resources are mainly the overfishing of young stings and various environmental factors. In Liaodong Bay, during the jellyfish breeding season (August to September), a large amount of freshwater is injected into the river, which sharply reduces the salinity of the breeding area near the estuary to less than 10 ‰, resulting in the devastating death of the hydrangea larval population, which is the main reason for the three major production reductions (more than 90% reductions) in 1976, 1978 and 1986.

There are two countermeasures to stabilize jellyfish resources: (1) formulate policies for no-fishing zones and fishing ban periods to protect juvenile stings from damage; (2) adopt artificial stocking and breeding methods to replenish the amount of natural resources. Morphological characteristics The body is mushroom-shaped and divided into two parts: the umbrella body and the mouth and wrist. The umbrella is more than hemispherical in shape, and the diameter of the umbrella is 300 to 600 mm. The surface of the outer umbrella is smooth and the medium rubber layer is thick. There are 8 parachute edge sensors, and there are 16 to 22 marginal lobes per 1/8 of the umbrella margin. The inner umbrella has well-developed ring muscles, and the interradial spoke has 4 semicircular genital hypocesses, each of which has 1 reproductive papillae on the outside. In the center of the inner umbrella, 16 spoke tubes protrude from the gastric cavity to the umbrella margin, and many branched tubules are connected to each other on the side of the spoke tube, and the middle of each spoke tube is connected by a ring tube, forming a complex network tube system. The center of the umbrella body protrudes downwards cylindrical orifice wrist, and its base has 8 pairs of left and right flat shoulder plates from the spoke position, and the end is 8 triwder-shaped orifice wrists. There are many small suction holes, tentacles and filamentous appendages on the shoulder plate and the mouth and wrist; each wing of the mouth and wrist has a number of rod attachments. Suction of food is the passage between the stomach cavity and the outside world. Body colors vary, mostly purple-brown or milky white; the color of the umbrella and wrist is usually similar, but there are also individuals whose colors are completely different.