Teaching is a sacred profession that undertakes the lifelong mission of educating people. During the Liberation War, the party organization in Nanhai County had gone through a period of hardship, and the identity of a teacher was the "protective color" of many underground party members in the South China Sea.
At that time, despite the Kuomintang's continuous suppression and encirclement and suppression, Nanhai County was still actively restoring and rebuilding party organizations under the guidance of higher-level party organizations, and underground party members also used their status as teachers and others as a cover to accumulate strength in concealment and carry out secret activities, and the revolutionary struggle of the people of Nanhai was re-launched under the leadership of the underground organization of the CPC.
The former site of the South Sanhua Working Committee of the Communist Party of China. (Courtesy of Lishui Town)
Dispatch commissioners to resume party organization activities
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the people of the whole country longed for peace and stability and the rebuilding of their homeland. However, the long-awaited peaceful nation-building has not yet arrived, and the Kuomintang has provoked a civil war and carried out "liquidation and suppression within a time limit and sub-district attack" against the people's anti-Japanese armed forces led by the Communist Party of China.
In mid-to-late November 1945, the Kuomintang stepped up its deployment to carry out a comprehensive divisional "clearance and suppression" of the guerrilla base areas in South China, and in order to adapt to the changes in the situation of the struggle, the remaining personnel of the Independent Third Brigade of the Pearl River Column adopted a scattered and covert way to carry out activities. At the beginning of December, the remaining personnel of the Independent Third Brigade of the Pearl River Column were ordered to disperse and evacuate the southern trilateral region, transfer the organizational relationship to the Guangdong District Party Committee, and temporarily stop the party organization activities. Party members and cadres and armed personnel in the South China Sea quickly changed their tactics of struggle and dispersed their activities on the spot.
Two months later, in order to strengthen leadership over the work in the Kuomintang-ruled areas, the Guangzhou Municipal Committee of the CPC dispatched Du Lu as the CPC's commissioner for the South China Sea to restore the Party organization in the South China Sea, develop revolutionary forces, and carry out revolutionary struggles. Du Lu, under the cover of being a teacher at Lishui Shencun Primary School, carried out secret activities, successively accepting the organizational relations of party members Cai Jinping, He Yuanchi and others, and resuming organizational activities.
Du Lu (Du Jianyuan), secretary of the Cpc Nansanhua Working Committee. (File photo)
Engaged in underground work of the Party as a teacher
From 1946 to 1949, according to the needs of work, the party organizations also successively arranged a number of party members and cadres transferred from other places to teach in primary schools in Pingdi, Tengchong, Lanzhou and other places in Nanhai County, opening up new work points.
Like Du Lu, these party members and cadres mostly used their status as teachers and department clerks as a cover to lead the masses in revolutionary struggle. Since then, the revolutionary struggle of the people of the South China Sea has been revived under the leadership of the underground organization of the CPC.
At the commemoration of International Women's Day on March 8, Chen Kunyi and Zhu Muzhan, underground party members who served in the Nanhai County Women's Association, called on women to unite and struggle for democracy, freedom, and liberation; He Yuanchi, an underground party member who taught at Huaying Middle School, set up a literary and mathematical research association in the school and organized teachers and students to secretly circulate books and works such as "On the Coalition Government" and "Zheng Bao"; Pan Fozhang, an underground party member who served as the director of training at Nanhai No. 1 Middle School, actively united the broad masses of students, used the student union to carry out work, and resisted the activities of the reactionary organization of the Three Youth Leagues in the school ......
The Nansanhua Working Committee of the CPC issued a leaflet entitled "Opposing Forced Requisition and Robbery and Uniting to Active struggle" issued in the name of the Nansanhua People's Guerrillas. (File photo)
Underground party members and cadres are also active in the vast rural areas of Nanhai County, and underground party members and cadres scattered in rural primary schools in Nanhai County use their spare time and vacations to mobilize the masses through home visits, night school literacy classes, and other forms to publicize the revolutionary principles.
After a period of hard work, they mobilized the peasants and established underground peasant associations and women's groups in some villages, making these villages a reliable position for the Party organization in the South China Sea to lead the masses in carrying out revolutionary struggle.
The former site of the Sanhe District Working Committee of the Communist Party of China. (File photo)
In the past three years, the number of party members in the county has increased by nearly 6 times
Under the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the higher-level Party Committees, the CPC Nanhai County Party Organization has endured several years of arduous struggle, not only taking root in the hearts of the people of Nanhai, but also constantly developing and growing in the revolutionary struggle.
In the summer of 1948, the Provisional Working Committee of the Yan (Bu) Li (Shui) District of the Communist Party of China was established. In order to open up the South (Hai) Sanshui (Shui) Hua (County) Border Area, Du Lu sent Guo Mian, a communist party member, and his wife to Sanshui to carry out activities. Guo Mian settled in Xianliao Village as a village teacher and organized activities such as teachers' associations in the local area to unite and develop teachers from nearby schools.
At the beginning of 1949, to meet the needs of the situation, higher-level party organizations dispatched a number of party members and cadres from other places to carry out revolutionary activities at work points such as Baojiao, Datong, Dagu, and Rongzhou to strengthen the revolutionary forces in the South China Sea.
In May of the same year, the South (Hai) Sanshui (Water) Hua (County) Working Committee (hereinafter referred to as the "South Sanhua Working Committee") was established to strengthen the leadership of the underground party organizations in Nanhai, Sanshui and Hua counties. After two or three months of work, the Nansanhua Work Committee recruited 19 party members, established a secret liaison station in Shencun, Nanhai, and secretly opened a military training class, organized party members and activists in Shencun to learn military common sense, and implemented the spirit of the instructions of higher-level party organizations to "create conditions, carry out armed struggle, and meet liberation."
The former site of the CPC Qiaohai District Working Committee. (File photo)
With the joint efforts of the vast number of party members and cadres, the work of restoring and developing the party organizations in Nanhai County has become increasingly active, and a number of active elements who have passed the test of revolutionary struggle and the cultivation and education of party organizations have also been absorbed into the party, so as to make preparations for the liberation of the South China Sea.
According to the data, as of the eve of the liberation of Nanhai County in October 1949, the number of Communist Party members in the county increased from 10 when the party organization was restored in early 1946 to 55, and the three district working committees of the CPC Qiaohai, Inland River and Sanhe were established in the county, and 6 grass-roots party branches and 3 party groups were established. During this period, 12 young people were also recruited to join the New Democratic Youth League (the predecessor of the Communist Youth League).
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White Sands Conference:
Illuminate the dawn of victory in the South China Sea toward liberation
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Source: Pearl River Times
Text/Pearl River Times all-media reporter Yang Hui
Photo courtesy of Nanhai District Archives (except by signature)
Editor: Lei Bin