In October 1950, 300,000 troops crossed the Yalu River to launch a vigorous War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, which was of great significance to the Chinese people. A well-known professor said: "The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was the founding battle of New China. ”
At that time, the first anniversary of the founding of New China, the country was in ruins, there were wars in the northwest and southwest, and the American devils came to intervene again, and it was precisely because of this that many people at that time did not approve of fighting this battle, and even Lin Zong, who had experienced hundreds of battles, was worried about fighting with the Americans.
But as Chairman Mao said, "If you punch one punch, you won't have to throw a hundred punches." "If this battle is not fought, then there will definitely be more trouble after that, and the Americans have already sent planes to openly cross the Yalu River to bomb Dandong in our country before they crossed the 38th Line, which is already a huge provocation, really occupying Korea, do you think the Americans will not breed the same ambitions as Japan did back then?" It is the nature of the tiger to eat people, and when to eat depends on his appetite. ”
Therefore, in order to defend the homeland, New China decided to let General Peng, who had fought for half a lifetime, lead the Chinese Volunteer Army across the Yalu River to resist the United States and aid Korea.
After arriving in Korea, Mr. Peng launched 5 campaigns in succession, smashed the offensive of the US army, and fought the US army back to the "38th Line", and it is precisely because of this that the US army and the volunteer army fell into a situation of fighting and stopping, during which except for the "Battle of Shangganling", neither side had a major battle.
Long-term command of high-intensity command operations is also a huge load on the body, at that time Peng Zong was 56 years old, and the conditions in North Korea are relatively difficult, in August 1951, when the doctor examined Peng Zong, he actually found that he had a brain tumor, because the medical conditions were limited at that time, so the doctor asked Peng Zong to return to China for treatment.
However, because the war was glued at that time, Mr. Peng did not return to China for the time being, until the doctor was worried about Mr. Peng's physical condition, and secretly reported the situation of Mr. Peng to the central authorities, and the central authorities asked Mr. Peng to return to China, fortunately, this tumor was benign, and at this time the central government also urgently needed Mr. Peng to sit in the Central Military Commission, so Mr. Peng stayed in the motherland until the eve of the Korean armistice in 1953.
Therefore, after 1952, most of the battles in the Korean battlefield were commanded by General Deng Hua, and Mr. Peng specially recommended to the central government that General Deng Hua be the acting commander of the volunteer army during his return to China.
During this period, General Deng Hua felt a heavy responsibility, and he was also worried that he would not be able to do a good job, so he specially sent a telegram to the central authorities to "let Xian" request the central authorities to send General Peng back to work as soon as possible, and if General Peng could not come back, then ask the central authorities to send another person to replace him, and this person was General Su Yu.
When the Central Committee received the telegram from General Deng Hua, on the one hand, it praised his humble qualities, and on the other hand, it also rejected General Deng Hua's request and appointed him as the acting commander of the volunteer army.
In fact, as early as the outbreak of the Korean War, Chairman Mao was very interested in General Su Yu as the commander of the Volunteer Army, and when Montgomery visited China later, he once said: "Su Yu is the last person to fight." ”
When the Korean War first broke out, Chairman Mao had already anticipated the occurrence of the subsequent war, and he reorganized the 13th Corps in the northeast into the Northeast Border Defense Army, and at the same time appointed Su Yu as the commander of the Northeast Border Defense Army.
Since Su Yu came from the Huaye system and was worried that he would not be able to adapt to the new working environment for a while, in order to better cooperate with The work of General Su Yu, Chairman Mao specially transferred General Xiao Jinguang, who had worked in Siye and worked with General Su Yu, to him.
On the eve of entering the Korean war, specially sent people to study the terrain and geography of the DPRK and made a detailed research report on the strategy and tactics of the US military.
However, Su Zong's early injuries and illness caused him to lose touch with the commander of the volunteer army, and as early as when he commanded the Battle of Huaihai, his body had already had very serious problems, and he could hardly stand steadily in the later stage.
After working day and night in Qingdao, the weight of the body was aggravated, and even when eating, he could only arrange the meal in a straight line.
At this time, the central authorities had to agree on a candidate to join the DPRK and participate in the war, but the second candidate, Lin Zong, did not agree to resist us and aid Korea, and his physical condition was not very good at that time, so There was An urgent commander of General Peng.
Since Su was always the first candidate to enter the Korean War at that time, why did the chairman not let him go to Korea to command the volunteer army in the later period?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="24" > there is no major battle situation in the Korean battlefield, and Deng Hua is competent for the work of the Korean battlefield</h1>
The first reason why the central government rejected General Deng Hua's request was because there was no need to let Su Yu go on the expedition at that time.
Judging from the actual situation of the Korean War, the first year of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was the most tense and important, and the Volunteer Army launched five major offensives in succession to repel the US army and force it back to the "38th Line."
However, at the time of the fifth campaign, the volunteer army had also realized that it was the best result to fight the US army back to the "38th Line", and the situation of the volunteer army at that time was simply unable to liberate the entire Korean Peninsula, and the US military also fully saw the vitality of new China in the process of fighting with the volunteer army at that time, and realized that there would be no big results in the fight in addition to increasing casualties, and at this time, the casualties in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea in the United States had exceeded that of World War II, resulting in a gradual increase in anti-war sentiment in the United States. Truman and Eisenhower had to make a pledge to the American people to sign an armistice as soon as possible in order to vote.
Therefore, in the next two years, the main work of the volunteer army and the US army was to negotiate, but how to take the initiative at the negotiating table had to rely on military means to win, so the volunteer army and the US army were talking and talking at the same time.
During this period, although the "Battle of Shangganling" broke out in the US army and the volunteer army, the scale could not be compared with the all-out war of the previous five battles, and the size of the participating troops was not as large as the previous times, and this battle was only to increase the chips on the negotiating table.
Judging from the fact that General Deng Hua personally prepared for the deployment of the "Battle of Shangganling," General Deng Hua was able to command the volunteer army in Korea at that time, and his methodical command during this period did not give the US army an advantage at the negotiating table.
General Deng Hua was methodical in his work and could take into account everything in every aspect, which was also the reason why General Peng recommended him as the acting commander of the Volunteer Army before returning to China, so he himself was able to stabilize the situation in North Korea and not let the situation in North Korea deteriorate.
Since this is the case, It seems a little embarrassing for General Su Yu to go to the Korean battlefield; there are no major battles to be fought on the Korean battlefield, and the pressure is not so great; General Su seems to be a bit "heroic and useless" for a while; General Deng Hua himself has been able to command the volunteer army; at this time, it is somewhat inappropriate to send General Su to the past.
In fact, at that time, the Central Committee and General Manager Peng did not look at the wrong person, after General Peng left korea, the volunteer army did not have any major changes on the Korean battlefield, after many years of experience in blood and fire, General Deng Hua was fully qualified for the work of the volunteer army.
General Peng's evaluation of Admiral Deng Hua was:
"Deng Hua was brave in battle, very careful, came up with a lot of good ideas, was a good helper, had a lot of knowledge, was also very brainy, considered problems and had a vision, and was very thoughtful."
Moreover, Admiral Deng Hua was one of the first generals to enter Korea, and he was well aware of the terrain and geographical advantages of Korea, and he was also well aware of the fighting style of each unit, while Su Zong's entry into the Korean battlefield also needed to be familiar with the local situation in Korea, which was also very unfavorable for the development of the troops.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="46" > Su's overall physical condition is still not optimistic, and the environment in North Korea is too harsh</h1>
The main reason for the negligence of Su Zong and the commander of the Volunteer Army was Su Zong's physical problems, and this problem was not known until after Su Zong's death, that he had been injured in his early years of combat, and the shrapnel of three bullets had not been taken out of his mind.
Therefore, whenever Su Zong was overloaded with work command, his body would warn him, and when he was in Qingdao, he could not eat his body because he studied the tactics of the US army for several days and nights, and eventually fell ill.
In the end, for the sake of Su Zong's health, the central government had to arrange for Su Zong to go to Moscow for recuperation.
At this time, it is undoubtedly a bit difficult to ask him to go to the front line again, although there are no major battles in the Korean battlefield, but the climate and environment here cannot be compared with the country after all.
Moreover, at this time, Su Zong had already served as the deputy chief of the general staff, and the domestic army building was also very important, and he could not open his body for a while, and more importantly, there were assistants to assist without pressure, and he could also alleviate Su Zong's condition.
After so many years of fighting, the tactical policy and habits of the US military are no one more familiar with than General Deng Hua, and he also has his own set of experiences on the Korean battlefield, and the volunteer army at this time is much better equipped than when it first entered the Korean war, the more the volunteer army is stronger and stronger, the more exquisite the tactics, and on the contrary, the US-ROK coalition always found nothing, so the then commander-in-chief of the United Nations army commented on the volunteer army in his memoirs:
"It's a tragedy, and we're paying half the total casualties of every military operation, with nothing."
Therefore, after synthesizing the actual situation on the battlefield at that time, the chairman believed that no one was more suitable than General Deng Hua, and finally rejected General Deng Hua's plan, the chairman believed that General Deng Hua was absolutely capable of performing duties in ability, but sometimes it was inevitable that some lack of self-confidence would lead the volunteer army to victory.
Therefore, after this, the central government handed over all the million troops of Korea to the command of General Deng Hua, and in fact, General Deng Hua also completed the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea after the Volunteer Army, and among the 57 founding generals, General Deng Hua was also the only general who commanded an army of more than one million.