<h1>During the Xinhai Revolution</h1>
<h1>A premature uprising in Lanzhou</h1>
On October 10, 1911, the democratic heroes launched the Wuchang Uprising and began the Xinhai Revolution. After the Wuchang uprising, the news was quickly transmitted to the whole country. Less than a month after the victory, a leaflet calling for a popular uprising was posted on the gate of the Gansu Army Academy in Lanzhou...
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the conservative forces in Gansu were extremely strong. Gansu was not only the four provinces that did not have a telegram to respond to the Wuchang uprising at that time, but also after the Shaanxi revolutionaries revolted on October 22, the conservative forces in Gansu also organized several armies to the east to suppress the uprising, and at one point attacked Xianyang. In February 1912, after the Xuantong Emperor announced his abdication, the conservative forces in Gansu also hid the abdication edict and continued to plan to suppress the revolutionaries.
In such a bad situation, the long-simmering uprising of the revolutionaries died halfway through. Revolutionary ideas, however, cannot be suppressed. People with lofty ideals in Longshang not only continued to launch uprisings, but most of the Long people who studied in other places participated in the local uprisings.
Today, let us listen to a story related to the Xinhai Revolution.
He became a propagator of democratic ideas
At the time of the Xinhai Revolution, Lanzhou was the most stubborn and concentrated area of feudal ruling forces in the northwest region, but lanzhou was not a backwater, and the volunteers who were active in Lanzhou were also making their efforts for the democratic republic. It should be said that long before the Xinhai Revolution, people of insight in Longshang were dissatisfied with the corrupt Manchu Qing Dynasty, and in their study in other places, they came into contact with democratic ideas and became the disseminators and popularizers of democratic ideas. Among these people of insight, there are many people who have advanced and raised people.
In 1906, students from Gansu and Shaanxi established the Shaanxi-Gansu branch of the League in Japan, and Zhang Zhanyuan, a native of Gansu, served as a member of the branch. The following year, Gansu students studying in Japan, such as Yan Shixuan and Fan Zhenxu, founded the Qinlong Bao in Japan, calling on people to struggle to overthrow the autocratic system and establish a democratic republic. The publications founded by the democratic heroes were successively mailed to the province, and new ideas were gradually disseminated.
Fan Zhenxu
Fan Zhenxu (范振徐字禹勤), courtesy name Nangao, was a native of Jingyuan County, whose father served as a soldier during the Tongzhi dynasty, and he was born in Beijing. When he was 9 years old, his father died of illness and returned to Jingyuan with his mother to study at Liujia Temple in Jingyuan County. Under the supervision of his mother, Fan Zhenxu studied hard since childhood, and later passed the entrance examination. In 1906, Fan Zhenxu was selected to study law at Hosei University in Japan, during which time he joined the League, and was one of the main figures in Gansu who participated in the Xinhai Revolutionary Movement in the early days. When he was in Tokyo, there was a good story circulating that Fan Zhenxu and Shen Junru belonged to the same list of jinshi, the same birthday, the same study in Japan, the same study of law, and at the same time participated in the alliance meeting, which was inherent in the "five sameness" good story. Yan Shixuan was a guerrilla alleyman in the east street of Longxi County, and after entering the army, he served as an editor of the Hanlin Academy, and in 1906 he went to Japan to study at Hosei University. In the future, he will devote himself to the reform of new culture and education in Gansu, and take it as his duty to promote science and revitalize education.
Here we cannot fail to mention Chen Yangyuan, a Tianshui man who was a jinshi at the end of the Qing Dynasty and served as a county in Xiajin, Wucheng, and other places in Shandong, and after the invasion of the Eight-Nation Alliance, he ran to Shanghai to open a bookstore and sell publications on democratic ideas. Later, a large number of books and periodicals were also sent to Tianshui's relatives and nephews, and these books and periodicals were circulated in Tianshui, laying the ideological foundation for the later Qinzhou Uprising.
In addition, the Huating man Xing Banglong once wrote a couplet: "Two hundred years of luck will decline, the third generation of unauthorized power; seventy years old lustful heart will not change, leaving a stink for ten thousand years." "Curse Cixi." This bold couplet, in the environment at the time, can be said to be risking life. Xing Banglong was once known as Xing Guolin, a native of Nanchuan Township, Huating County, and successively studied at Huating Yishan Academy and Pingliang Liuhu Academy. Later, he went to Lanzhou to participate in the township examination, and the examination was lifted. Later, he was recommended to study in the natural history department of Gansu Provincial Excellent Normal School.
In the New Deal at the end of the Qing Dynasty, many new-style schools were established in various places, and some of the teachers studied in Japan, and some of them were influenced by new ideas, and these people were the disseminators of democratic ideas. After 1908, various new trends of thought also began to spread, especially the idea of democracy, which gradually penetrated the hearts of the people.
The news leaked, and the uprising died a suicide
In 1908, Li Zhaoming, a member of the League who participated in the failed uprising of the Jiangnan Hui Party, joined Xu Xilin's Guangfu Army, and Wang Zhizuo, who failed to launch the Anqing Uprising, came to Lanzhou, and they and Liu Xianqian, Peng Dashou and others established the "Revolutionary Branch of the Northwest Alliance Association".
Wang Zhizuo was a native of Zhangye, and after passing the examination, he went to other places to study teacher education. In 1904, he was introduced to the League in Japan by Chen Boping. After the failure of the Anqing Uprising, Wang Zhizuo came to Lanzhou and taught Chinese at the Gansu Army Academy. In addition to his lectures, he continued to preach revolutionary ideas to his students.
After the Wuchang Uprising, the news spread to the province, and many people of insight began secret activities, and the gansu army academy teachers and cadets also plotted the uprising. On November 3, a notice was posted on the gate of the academy, which said: "Those who have flesh and blood are not afraid to think hard, shake their arms and exhale, the whole people respond, sweep away the fishy body, and return my rivers and mountains." If it is the Washington of beauty, if it is not successful, it is the five hundred people of Tian Yoko. The slogan was impassioned, calling on the public to respond to the Wuchang uprising. But it unknowingly revealed the activities of the revolutionaries in the army academy.
At that time, in addition to Wang Zhizuo, the instructors of the Army Academy, in addition to the chinese language teaching, there were also members of the League, such as Yan Xiwen, who taught military studies, Yi Baoyi, who taught geography, Yang Tao, who taught Japanese language, and Zhu Lian, who taught arithmetic.
Yan Xiwen played a very important role in the planning, on the one hand, he had a wide influence among the cadets, on the other hand, he also served as the commander of the first battalion of the second standard and mastered a new army. The members of the League planned to take advantage of Yan Xiwen's special status to seize the opportunity to lead the whole battalion uprising at the same time, and then mobilize the army academy cadets to respond, so that they had a relatively high degree of certainty.
The Army Academy was a new-style military education academy founded at that time, and it was also the first military school in the history of the three provinces of Ganning and Qing, and its main goal was to train middle- and lower-ranking officers. At that time, the recruited students were divided into three grades, and those who were rough middle school and weak in physique could only study arithmetic and surveying and mapping at the same time. The physically strong, and also learned gymnastics, military acrobatics is the second class. Those who are over 20 years old and under 35 years old, and those who are proficient in secondary school and can also learn Western studies are of the first class. The cadets of the Army Academy are strictly trained and are a relatively elite force. In particular, there are more than a hundred German-made rifles for study in the academy, which is a very favorable condition.
Coupled with the encouragement of the teachers, the students secretly circulated revolutionary newspapers and magazines such as "Revolutionary Army", "Minbao", "Changyan Bao", "Minhu Daily", and "Dangyu Series". Some students are more resolute in their revolutionary thinking and can be regarded as an elite force. On the other hand, many graduates of the first few periods of the Army Academy have already participated in the Wuchang Uprising. This also has a relatively large impact on the students.
According to the plan, the probability of success of this uprising is quite high, how did it die?
It turned out that the problem was on the notice. The presence of a notice on the gate shows that the revolutionaries are here. Good intentions do bad things, remind the enemy. Soon, Chang Geng, the governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, sent a large number of Qing troops to surround the Army Academy regiments, and at the same time ordered Wang Xinzhen, the supervisor of the alternate Dao and the Army Academy, to lead people to set up machine guns and call the students by name, and at the same time to take back the students' training guns and dismiss the students.
After Yan Xiwen learned of the Qing army's actions, he committed suicide. The simmering uprising died.
Responding everywhere, the boy on the dragon generously spilled his blood
After the Wuchang uprising, all parts of the country responded. Most of the Longshang zhishi throughout the country participated in the local anti-Qing uprising. For example, Deng Baoshan participated in the Yili Uprising, Chai Ruoyu participated in the Luanzhou Uprising, Zheng Ruiqing led the uprising at Dalian Warship, and so on.
Chai Ruoyu was a native of Xigu Chaijiatai in Lanzhou, and his father Chai Pu was a jinshi who served as an official in Fengyang, Anhui, and Jinzhou, Liaoning. Chai Ruoyu followed his father to study in other places since childhood, graduated from the Tianjin Political science and law college, was a member of the league, and was known as Chai Daguanren for generously funding the revolution.
After the Wuchang Uprising, the revolutionary party active in the north actively planned the uprising in response to the comrades in the south. At this time, a good time is in front of people. Wang Jinming, Shi Congyun, Feng Yuxiang, and others stationed in Luanzhou carried out revolutionary activities in the name of the Shandong Hometown Association. Under the impetus of Wang Baozhen, the general representative of the northern part of the League, and Hu Egong of the Wuchang uprising military government, a military government with Shi Congyun as commander and Wang Jinming and Zhang Jiangong as the main and deputy governors was formed, and the "Northern Revolutionary Military Government Metropolitan Governor" and "Commander-in-Chief" were engraved. And make a detailed plan. As a result, the uprising failed under the enemy's internal and external attacks. Wang, Shi, and many others were righteous to Lei Zhuang. This was the Luanzhou Uprising. Chai Ruoyu followed Wang and Shi to participate in the uprising, and has been campaigning for the revolution ever since, he opened a leather goods factory in Tianjin as a contact point for revolutionary comrades, and selflessly supported revolutionary colleagues with their family money, who said that his behavior was comparable to that of Chai Daguan in "Water Margin".
Chai Ruoyu (Member of the League, Lanzhou Xigu)
Zheng Ruiqing also actively responded to the Wuchang uprising. Zheng Ruiqing was a native of Lintao, originally a subordinate of Li Jingqing, the patrol commander of Fengtian Left Road, and was later sent by Li Jingqingbao to fengtian to study at the Wutang. In July and August 1911, the news that Huang Xing was going to revolt in Wuchang was spread among the students of the Wutang, and that anyone who served as an official in the Qing army only needed to be promoted to a higher level with the rank of officer. In order to appease people's hearts, the students had to be assigned to various units in advance, and Zheng Ruiqing, who returned to the unit, waited for the opportunity to move.
Soon, Wang Xigeng, a revolutionary from Shaanxi, came to mobilize Zheng Ruiqing, and he immediately led a company of infantry to Dalian with guns and was appointed as the pipe belt of the Zhenhai gunboat. On November 26, revolutionary organizations and revolutionary groups in various parts of the northeast launched an uprising, and Bai Wenwei, Shang Zhen, Fang Gang, and Liu Qian officially elected Lan Tianwei as the temporary governor of Kwantung. Zheng Ruiqing immediately responded and led the warship uprising.
Due to the long age and various reasons, the witnesses of that year only left a few words, no more detailed materials. Nevertheless, we can also see the figure of the heroes who ran for national rejuvenation in those years, and even calmly dedicated themselves.
Narrator: Zhang Zhi, President of China Faience Pottery Network, a researcher of local history and culture
"Lanzhou City is called Jincheng, which is very famous in Chinese history", why is Lanzhou City also called Jincheng?
Gansu people New Year, there are so many stories, do you know how many?
The most beautiful lantern festival in Gansu, a thousand silver candles, ten miles of incense dust, even Tang Xuanzong also came to watch the lanterns
Original works of Wang Wenyuan (Lanzhou Lao wang). Forward self-interested people! Appreciate the persistence of motivation! Message spirit encouragement!
Friends are welcome to forward the circle of friends
Your appreciation is what motivates me to continue creating