"Taliban", meaning "student" in Pashto, "Tali" means "student", and "class" is a plural form meaning is a student of an Islamic religious school.
The original "Taliban" was just a common synonym, and the subsequent change of situation had to start from 1979.
In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan and wanted to control the throat of Central Asia. However, with the help of the United States, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, Afghanistan gave birth to a large number of guerrillas and fought the Soviet Union to the death.
Finally, the Soviet Union was unable to afford to fight, and after a long 10-year stalemate between the two sides, the Soviet Union completely withdrew its troops in 1989.
As soon as the Soviet army left on its front foot, the various Afghan armies began to fight, and the whole country was in chaos, and the people were not happy.
As a result, many Afghan refugees rose up under the banner of "restoring peace and building the country", thus winning the support of the Afghan people.
Because most of its members are students of Islamic schools, the group is called the Taliban. In the early days of development, the Taliban had just over 800 people.
On September 26, 1995, the Taliban occupied Radio Kabul and the Presidential Palace, thus taking full control of the capital Kabul. Nearly 90 percent of Afghanistan's territory was then occupied until october 1997, when statehood was officially proclaimed.
After coming to power, the Taliban tried to establish the purest Islamic state, and then, after 6 years, the entire state-building of Afghanistan has not changed, the economy has fallen sharply, and disease has arisen. The Taliban have also gradually lost popularity.
What's more, the Taliban have also made a lot of mistakes that shouldn't have been made.
For example, restricting women's rights:
From the age of ten, girls were not allowed to go to school; women had to wear face-covering scarves and were forbidden to drive or face capital punishment. Women are not allowed to travel alone to public places without a husband or brother.
Another example: after the 911 incident in the United States in 2001, because the Taliban took in Binla D, the Taliban were not convinced, demanded a form of evidence from the United States, and went to Washington for a negotiation. This caused great dissatisfaction in the United States, and since then this beam has been concluded.
However, the US side refused to provide evidence, and then Bush announced the start of military strikes. The United States thus formally invaded Afghanistan and began to attack the Taliban, and then the Taliban collapsed, and some of the remnants of the force moved to the mountains.
But after 2006, the Taliban regrouped quickly, showing shocking resilience and tenacity.
After Obama came to power, the US strategy in Afghanistan gradually changed from the war on terror to the separatist terrorist forces, the United States and the Taliban wanted to occupy a certain advantage, and eventually the Taliban no longer belonged to a terrorist organization, but incarnated into the Afghan rebels.
In 2011, the Taliban began negotiations with the Obama administration.
In 2018, the Taliban held formal talks with the Trump administration.
On February 29, 2020, the two sides also signed a ceasefire agreement, which laid a solid foundation for the withdrawal of the United States.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="24" > the Taliban leadership</h1>
Who exactly controls the Taliban?
The mysterious boss - Akhonzada
Born in 1961, he is a scholar of Sharia law who is committed to religious studies and has a strong style. He took over as Taliban leader in 2016 and enjoys ultimate political, religious and military rights over the Taliban.
However, this leader in an important position is very mysterious, and his daily whereabouts, residence, etc. are a mystery.
According to relevant media reports, in 2020, Akhonza reached an infection with the new crown virus, and Yakubai acted as its agent.
Who is Yakubo?
Speaking of him may be unfamiliar to many people, but when it comes to former Taliban founders, many people are familiar with him. Yakupper was his eldest son. He is only 30 years old and is mainly responsible for overseeing the military operations of the Tataliban.
Baradal
Born in 1968, he is one of the co-founders of the Taliban. It was captured by Pakistani security forces and was not released until 2018. He is currently the head of Atta's political office and regularly serves as the Taliban 's "press spokesman."
Harkani
The founder of the Haqqani Network, who oversees the Taliban's military and finances on the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan, is the Taliban 'steward'. The United States once arrested him with a huge disparity of 10 million, but his whereabouts are currently unknown.
Fast forward to 2021, and Afghan government forces clashed with the Taliban again, losing more than 200 members.
In July 2021, the United States began to withdraw its troops, and the Taliban took advantage of the victory to take Kabul in one fell swoop.
Since then, the Taliban era has returned.
At present, the Taliban has about 50,000-80,000 armed personnel, which is in the most powerful stage in 20 years, although it is far less than the 300,000 afghan government troops, but when the United States withdrew, the Taliban broke through and won the presidential palace in one fell swoop.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="84" > ask: Why are Afghan government forces vulnerable? </h1>
1. The government is corrupt and under-equipped
Government forces have not been paid for months, bullets and other weapons have not been resupplied, and food shortages have been lacking. When the Taliban began to attack, the morale of the army was low and they had no intention of fighting, so they were defeated and retreated.
2. Long-term dependence on the United States, there are serious flaws
As Biden said in a speech at the White House on Aug. 16:
"We spent more than a trillion dollars, and we trained and equipped an Afghan army of about 300,000 people — incredibly well-equipped — an army larger than many of our NATO allies."
The Afghan military has long relied on the United States, especially for their ground operations, which rely heavily on air power.
When the United States withdrew, the Afghan government forces were like "losing their eyes", no one gave them another outpost, they simply had nothing to do.
No wonder the foreign media laughed and said: This is simply unsupportable Ah Dou!
3. Command chaos
Afghanistan's national security advisers studied in Britain but had no combat experience. What is even more incredible is that he hardly goes to the barracks, usually commanding by telephone. What a piece of paper!
He didn't step down until June, but afghan government forces were terminally ill and powerless to turn the tables.
4. Taliban reverse
The Taliban opened the way for government forces to surrender: hand over U.S. weapons, take a sum of money, and go home.
This is undoubtedly a big positive for government troops who do not eat well, do not wear warm clothes, and do not have military salaries. So it was logical to turn against each other.
The Taliban, on the other hand, grasped the lifeblood of the economy, spread the sources of wealth, and constantly amassed wealth in a big way.
Without strong economic support, the Taliban would not have been where they are today. They also know that hitting Z is spending money.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="100" > so what do they really make money on? </h1>
According to a United Nations report:
The Taliban's main sources of income continue to be criminal activities, including drug trafficking and poppy production, extortion, kidnapping, mining of minerals and tax revenues in areas controlled or influenced by the Taliban.
First: pull sponsorship
The Taliban receive sponsorship from the wealthy and some non-governmental charities, and even some countries overseas will silently support the Taliban.
Second: mining
Through mining, copper, oil, gas and some rare resources, about $464 million is obtained annually
Third: selling crowS
The huge profits brought by Crow P are a continuous source of income for the Taliban. According to statistics, about 84% of the world's opium comes from the Taliban.
Fourth: extortion
The Taliban imposed tolls by controlling highways;
Require merchants to pay taxes on wealth and harvest taxes;
Control of border posts, imposition of import duties on goods ;
Now that the streets of Afghanistan seem to have returned to their former calm, when will this country, which has been shrouded in war, really lift the dark clouds and see the light of day again?
Whether the Taliban are ready or not, we will wait and see!