Author: Yan Kemin
Yuwen Yu, the second emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, was the eldest son of Yuwen Tai, the grandfather of Zhou. Yuwen Yu was born in 534 in Tongwancheng, Xia Prefecture, ascended the throne in September 557, and was killed in the palace by the chancellor Yuwen In April 560, reigning for two and a half years at the age of 27. Yuwen Yu's performance as a politician is not in martial arts but in civil rule. The Book of Zhou records that after Yuwen Yu ascended the throne, "more than eighty literary scholars below the Gongqing were gathered in the Lin toe Hall and published the history of the school. "He also collected many books, from the ancient Fuxi Shennong to the last years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and compiled into five hundred volumes of the "Genealogy", which can be called a magnificent masterpiece. The "History of the North" records: "Emperor Ming Ya loved the history of literature, Li Lin toe learning, and those who had art in the dynasty, regardless of the nobility and lowliness, all listened to the foreshadowing." "Emperor Ming ascended the throne, good at literature, Shi (Wang) praised and Yu Xincai was the highest, and Tejia was personally treated." Every time the emperor travels to the feast, the order praises the poetry to talk about, and the constant is on the left and right." Wang Bao and Yu Xin were famous writers and poets during the Northern Dynasty, each with a collection of essays passed down, the Northern History and the Book of Zhou, and the Ciyuan and Cihai all had entries, which were particularly valued by Emperor Zhou Ming. Because of the admiration and advocacy of the supreme ruler, the literature of the Northern Dynasty was the most brilliant in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and the Zhou Ming Emperor Yuwen Yu could be called the leading figure in the Literary Circle of the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
Shi Zai Yuwen Yu "is young and studious, and reads a lot of books. Good literature, words are warm and beautiful. Yuwen Yu not only ordered Wang Bao, Yu Xin and other literary giants to give poems to talk about, but also recited poems and compositions himself, and enjoyed it tirelessly. Shi Zai "wrote ten volumes of articles", and three poems were written.
"Lucky Tongzhou, Passing the Old House" poem Yun: "Jade candles adjust the autumn qi, the old palace of the Golden Public Opinion Calendar." It is also like white water, more like entering Xinfeng. Frost pond stained late chrysanthemum, cold well fell sparse trees. Raise a glass to the old, let the song wind. The poem was written in September of the second year after Yuwen Yu ascended the throne (558 AD). The first couplet uses a battle sentence to point out that in the autumn when the wind and rain are smooth and the weather is clear, the car driver comes to the old residence Tongzhou Palace. Linglian uses two place names related to the old residence, Baishui and Xinfeng, to reminisce about the old. Baishui County was the place where Yuwen Tai paraded the army in that year, and the teenager Yuwen Yu also experienced it. Xinfeng was the father of Emperor Liu Bang of Han gao, who built a new city in Chang'an, both of which were near Tongzhou. The neck joint specifically depicts the autumn scene of the Tongzhou Palace at that time. Wei Lian explained the purpose of this trip: to hold a banquet, to invite the old, to sing the old and reminisce about the old, and to compare himself with emperor Han Gao. "Song of the Great Wind" is a song sung by Emperor Liu Bangping of Han Gao at a banquet when he passed through his hometown in Pei County: "The wind rises and the clouds fly, Wei Jia Hai Nei returns to his hometown, and Ande the fierce soldiers guard the four directions." Yuwen Yu borrowed the allusion of ge Gale to clearly express his desire for talents and talents to help him govern the country and defend the frontier in the future.
The poem "Yi Wei Jie" says: "Liu Yao Zhen follows the world, and the three chens are light and small." Yingyang let go too far, and Huanzhou did not return. Fragrant Autumn Orchid Pei, wind fluttering lotus leaf coat. Sit on the stone to peek into the fairy cave, and take the chalk to fish for the rock. Lingsong is thousands of straight, and rock springs are flying. Chat Dengping is optimistic and looks at Shouyang Wei from afar. Can you be with the four cains, to participate in the rest of the machine? Wei Jie, there is a small biography in the "History of the North", saying that "the ambition is simple, lighter than Rongli" and "the house where he lives, the pillow with Lin Quan." Playing with the piano book, Xiao Ran was self-satisfied, and the person was called a layman. "Wei Jie is a mountain hermit who is less than fame and fortune. The first four of the poem begin with Yi xue language such as 爻辰, and use the hermit nest father Xu Yu, who was reclusive in Yingyang to avoid Yao Zen Rang, and the little micro star (that is, the virgin star) and the huanzhou (where the hermit lives) to show the hermit, which is in line with Wei Jie's hermit identity. The last six sentences specifically describe the victory of The Forest Spring, the beauty of the scenery, and the joy of the hermit in wei's hermitage. The last four sentences point out the main theme of the poem with two allusions. One is the story of the late Shang Dynasty and the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, when the Shang Dynasty remnant Boyi Shuqi did not eat Zhou Su and ate ferns, and finally starved to death in Shouyang Mountain, martyrdom for the Shang Dynasty; the other is the story of the Early Han Dynasty, when the Shangshan Siyin (also known as shangshan sihao, four old people living in Shangshan) came out of the mountains to assist the crown prince Liu Ying. Emperor Ming of Zhou quoted these two classics with good intentions and clear intentions: First, he hoped that When Yi Wei became Zhou and changed dynasties, he would not be like the Brothers of Boyi Shuqi and be hostile to the new dynasty; second, he hoped that Wei Yi would emulate the Shangshan Siyin of the early Han Dynasty, give up a reclusive life, actively participate in the government of the dynasty, and make suggestions for the new dynasty. The "History of the North" says: "The poetry of the Emperor of The Emperor may the time be a pilgrimage." Emperor Dayue. ”
The theme of the two poems of the Zhou Ming Emperor Yuwen Yu is the same: I hope that there will be a talented Junyan to assist him, participate in the government and build the country. The Book of Zhou says: "Emperor Kuan Ming Ren Hou, The Nine Tribes of Dun Mu, have the weight of a king. "The rate is frugal and frugal, advocating literary Confucianism." When not a beautiful word. Even after being poisoned by food, he still dictated more than five hundred last words on his sickbed. Wen is like a person, a glimpse of its leopard, from which you can also see its colorful literary talent, the amount of kings. There is a saying in the cloud: "Between the heavens and the earth of life, the five permanent qi." The heavens and the earth are poor, the five constants are passing, and the people are always there? It is born and dead, a physical necessity. In the case of necessity, between the repair of the short, how much hate! "Truth is a small word, not a publication." The Zhou Ming Emperor Yuwen Yu was indeed a rare literati emperor in history, and he was also the first Wuchuan literati and poet to appear in historical records.