Northern Zhou Yuwen Yu: He was poisoned and killed by his brother's cook, and before his death, he set up a Xiongcai Emperor
Text/Zhang Xiuyang
In September of the first year of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, that is, in 557 AD, when the Xiaomin Emperor Yuwen Jue was proclaimed the Heavenly King for less than a year, the Northern Zhou Dynasty Grand Sima and the Duke of Jin, Yuwen Hu, deposed Emperor Xiaomin.
After Yuwen Hu deposed the emperor, yuwen jue's brother was installed, and Yuwen Taishu's eldest son Yuwen Yu succeeded to the throne.
Three years later, in April of the second year of Wucheng, on April 20, 560 (May 30), Yuwen Yu died at the Yanshou Temple. He was poisoned to death by a cook sent by Yuwen Hu.
Yuwen Hu, because of the killing of four emperors in just a few years, was called "Emperor Killer" by later people, thus leaving a notoriety in history.
The four emperors killed by Yuwen Hu were:
Western Wei deposed Emperor Yuanqin. In March 551, the seventeenth year of the reign of emperor Wen of Western Wei, Emperor Wen of Western Wei died, and the crown prince Yuan Qin succeeded to the throne as the deposed emperor of Western Wei. Some of the Yuan clans wanted to regain power from Yuwen Tai. Shang Shu Yuanlie plotted to launch a coup d'état to kill Yuwen Tai, and the incident was leaked and he was killed by Yu Wentai. The deposed emperor was deeply sympathetic to Yuan Lie's death, and was very dissatisfied with Yuwen Tai, plotting to denounce it, and the secret plot was leaked again. In September 554, the third year of the deposed emperor, Yuwen Tai deposed Yuan Qin and made his brother Tuoba Kuo the Prince of Qi emperor, emperor for The Western Wei Emperor Gong. And reverted to the old royal family name Tuoba. Although Yuwen Tai started killing Tianzi this time, Yuwen Hu was an active instigator and participant.
In addition, Emperor Gong of Western Wei, Emperor Yuwen Jue of Northern Zhou, and Emperor Yuwen Yu of The Ming Dynasty really died at the hands of Yuwen Hu.
The last yuwen yu yuwen hu killed was the second emperor of Northern Zhou, and the northern Zhou imperial family actually began to call him emperor from him.
Yuwen Yu (宇文毓) (534 – 30 May 560), courtesy name Wantu, was the eldest son of Yuwen Taishu and his mother Lady Yao. Reigned from 556 to 560 AD.
In the third year of Yongxi (534), when Yuwen Tai was serving in Xia Prefecture, Yuwen Yu was born at Tongwancheng, so he took the nickname Tongwantu.
When Yuwen Yu was born, it was the period when his father Yuwen Tai was struggling to start a business.
In August of the second year of Yongxi (533), Emperor Xiaowu appointed He Bayue as the military governor of the twenty prefectures of Yong and Hua, and the history of the Yongzhou Assassination. In the name of herding horses, He Bayue led troops to Xitun Pingliang (present-day Huating West, Gansu).
In this year, He Bayue took Xia Prefecture (治岩绿, in present-day Wushen Banner, Inner Mongolia, Nanbaichengzi) to the border area, and wanted to send a powerful person as the assassin, and under the recommendation of the people, he took Yuwen Tai as the envoy, the general of Wu Wei, and the assassin of Xia Prefecture. After Yuwen Tai arrived in Xiazhou, he comforted the displaced people, formed a good alliance with ethnic minorities, and quickly controlled the situation in Xiazhou.
In the third year of Yongxi (534), He Bayue joined forces with Hou Mochen Yue to attack Cao Ni, and as a result, Hou Mochen Yue's plan was won, and He Bayue was murdered. The three armies of He Bayue's army had no master, and Yuwen Tai immediately rushed to Liangzhou to take over the command of He Bu, and gathered the general Chen to explain the stakes, inspect the camps, and stabilize the hearts of the army. Moreover, he defeated Hou Mochen Yue and marched east to hold Chang'an. With the foundation of the establishment of the government Guanlong.
Yuwen Yu was born in the official residence of Yuwen Tai in Xia Prefecture in this year.
In the fourteenth year of the reign (549), the 15-year-old Yuwen Yu was made the Duke of Ningdu Commandery (宁都郡公) and had three thousand households.
In the third year of The Western Wei Emperor Gong (556), Yuwen Yu was appointed as a general and guarded the area west of Longshan.
In the first month of 557, Yuwen Yu's younger brother Yuwen Jue, the Emperor Xiaomin, was succeeded by Zen and promoted Yuwen Yu to the position of Pillar State, and was transferred to the military post of Qi Prefecture and the History of Qi Prefecture. When Yuwen Yu served in Qi Prefecture, he had great political achievements and was deeply appreciated by the people.
Yuwen Jue, the founding emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, was resolute and courageous by nature, and was quite dissatisfied with Yuwen Jue's dictatorship. Although he was not yet an adult, he also wanted to govern himself. The ministers who were dissatisfied with Yuwen Hu, Li Zhi, Sima Sun Heng, Gong Bo Yifufeng, and He Batti, who were dissatisfied with Yuwen Jue, saw Yuwen Jue's heart and plotted to get rid of Yu Wenhu.
However, the plot to get rid of Yuwen Goo was told. Yuwen Hu sent Wei Chi Gang into the palace and informed Yi Fufeng and others to discuss state affairs, and as soon as they arrived, they were captured alive one by one. Then ordered the removal of the palace guards, Yuwen Jue found that the situation was not good, at this time the rebellion was no longer helpful, Yuwen Protector sent HeLanxiang to force Yu Wenjue to abdicate and depose him as the Duke of Luoyang.
Yuwen Hu first killed Yi Fufeng, Sun Heng and others, and then killed Yuwen Jue a month later. At this time, Yuwen Jue was only 15 years old and had only been in power for 9 months.
The Son of Heaven was ruined, but Yuwen Hu himself did not dare to stand on his own. He sent envoys to Qi Prefecture to welcome Yuwen Jue's brother, Yuwen Taishu's eldest son Yuwen Yu (宇文毓), who succeeded him.
On September 27, Yuwen Yu arrived in the capital. On September 28, the throne of heaven, pardoned the prisoners of the world.
Book of Zhou, Vol. 4, Emperor Ji No. 4: "And Emperor Xiaomin was deposed, and the Duke of Jin sent envoys to welcome Emperor Yu in Qizhou." Autumn and September, to the Capital Division, to the old residence. Jiazi, the group of courtiers on the table to persuade to advance, prepare the law to drive to greet. Emperor Gu Rang, Qun Chen Gu Please. It is the day, that is, the throne of heaven, the pardon of the world. ”
Yuwen Yu seems to be weak on the surface, but in fact, he has a very assertive opinion in his heart. He refused to obey Yuwen Hu everywhere, and soon there was a conflict with Yuwen Hu. In order to test the new Heavenly Son, Yuwen Hu pretended to neglect the government. Originally, it was a false intention, but who knew that Yuwen Yu was pretending to be real and began to exercise his power to handle state affairs and carry out reforms.
The first thing Yuwen Yu did was to change the title of Emperor of Heaven. On August 14, 559, yuwen Yu, believing that the title of king was not enough to dominate the world, changed his title to emperor, posthumously honored his father Yuwen Tai as Emperor Wen, pardoned the world, and established the year of wucheng.
Book of Zhou, Vol. 4, Emperor Ji No. 4: "In the autumn of August, the king of heaven was called emperor, and King Wen was posthumously honored as emperor, and the amnesty was changed." ”
Book of Zhou, Vol. XI, Liechuan NO. 3: "In the first year of Wucheng, the protector returned to the government, and the emperor Xuzhi." The major affairs of the military and the state are still entrusted to the protection. The emperor is intelligent, has the ability to know, and protects the deep. ”
During Yuwen Yu's reign, he worked hard to govern, achieved remarkable political achievements, and was deeply loved by the people. He was tolerant and had a relatively harmonious relationship with his subjects, so his prestige grew day by day.
Culturally, after Yuwen Yu ascended the throne, he gathered more than eighty literary cultivators below the Secretary of State to publish the history of the scriptures at the Lin toe Hall. He also collected many books, from Fuxi and Shennong, until the end of Wei, and compiled them into the "Genealogy of the World", a total of 500 volumes. He himself read a wide range of books, was good at writing articles, and wrote ten volumes of articles, which were circulated in the world. The publication of these classics made a great contribution to the development of academic culture at that time.
In addition, during his reign, he gradually deepened the Han culture into the culture of ethnic minorities, accelerated the great integration of Chinese culture, and made a good preparation for Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty to learn Han culture.
At that time, there was a famous hermit Wei Qiong, who lived in seclusion under the forest spring, entertained himself with piano books, had lofty ambitions, and was indifferent to fame and fortune.
Yuwen Tai knew that Wei Qiong did not like worldly etiquette, so he wrote a poem to him:
Poetry of the Yiwei residents
Liu Yao zhen is reclusive, and the three rays of light are few.
Yingyang went far away, and Cangzhou did not return.
Wind-stirring Qiu Lan Pei, fragrant lotus leaf coat.
Sit on the stone to peek into the fairy cave, and take the chalk to fish for the rock.
Ling Song qianyi straight, Yan Quan hundred zhang flying.
Talk about Dengping optimistic, thinking of Shouyang Wei.
You can be with the four hiddens, to participate in the rest of the machine.
Wei Qiong received the poem and felt that Yuwen Yu, the emperor, although young, respected culture and could become a generation of Ming emperors, so he agreed to go to worship regularly. Yuwen Yu ordered the people to give Wei Qiong a good wine every day, and gave him a honorific title called "Runaway Gong".
Yuwen Hu was also unavoidably moved, and he set up a banquet to ask Wei Qiong for advice. Wei Qiong only said four sentences: "Drunken and voracious, Junyu carved the wall." There is one here, not yet or the dead". It means that in this chaotic world, you are in power, and you are drunk, good at singing and dancing, and building mansions. I'm afraid I'm not far from death.
Yuwen Yu saw that Yuwen Yu was not easy to control, so he calculated again and began to try to assassinate Yuwen Yu.
There is a man named Li An, who is favored by Yuwen Hu for his cooking skills, and is promoted by Yu Wen Nu to be a doctor under the catering department. On April 18, 560, Yuwen Hu ordered Li An to poison Yuwen Yu's food. Yuwen Yu did not guard against a cook, and after eating, he was poisoned.
On April 19, Yuwen Yu was critically ill, and before he died, he made one of the most wise and important measures for northern Zhou: Yuwen Yu dictated that the will was passed on to the fourth brother Yuwen Yong, the Duke of Lu.
On April 20 (May 30), Yuwen Yu died at the age of 27 at the Age of Life.
After Yuwen Yu's death, due to the oral edict of Emperor Xian, Yuwen Hu could not change it, so he had to obey the order to make Yuwen Yong emperor, for Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou. After Yuwen Yong ascended the throne, Yuwen Yu became emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and the temple name was Sejong.
Ling Hu Dedi's Book of Zhou commented on Yuwen Yu: "Emperor Kuan Ming Ren Hou, The Nine Tribes of Dun Mu, has the weight of a monarch. Young and studious, well-read, good at literature, gentle and beautiful. "Sejong is generous and far-reaching, wise and knowledgeable. The honor of the residence, the length of the real text. The leopard posture has changed, and The Dragon is still diving. And bai pei poured out his heart, and all parties paid attention. And to welcome Xuan Xuan he, to enter the great sect, and the polite hero, the Nine Tribes of Dunmu, the leader by the gong frugality, advocating the confucian, and the gentleman who has the virtue of the king. At the beginning, the power is despotic, and the government is out of the private door; in the end, it is poison and latent, and the age is not eternal. Shame! ”
On March 18, 572, Yuwen Hu was killed by Yuwen Yong at the Hanren Temple, and his heirs and henchmen were also arrested and killed. In the third year of Jiande (574), Yuwen Yong posthumously honored Yuwen Hu as "Duke of Dang".
Yuwen's name was "Protection", but he did not really "protect" an emperor.
(The picture in this article is a network information)