"The loss of me to the Qilian Mountains has made my six animals restless." Death to the mountains, so that my women are colorless. The ancient Xiongnu soldiers were defeated and issued a lament. Once upon a time, Yongchang County under the Qilian Mountains was a natural pasture, and aquaculture has always been the main channel for Farmers in Yongchang to increase their income. With the continuous increase of ecological governance in Qilian Mountains, the traditional animal husbandry industry will become history. How to achieve not only to protect the ecology, but also to allow farmers to catch the express train of the aquaculture industry to get rich, Yongchang County has been exploring.
In accordance with the requirements of the "five modernizations" of meat and sheep production, Yongchang County has built 1 animal husbandry industrial park, 3 leading enterprises in meat and sheep breeding, 19 10,000 sheep farms, 48 breeding communities, 202 farms, and the amount of sheep breeding in large-scale farms (communities) has accounted for 18% of the total number of sheep breeding in the county. At present, the number of meat sheep raised in the county has reached 1.65 million.
The meat and sheep industry has become a strong driving force for the agricultural development of Yongchang County, but the meat and sheep industry in Yongchang County is in an embarrassing situation of large quantity, small scale, good quality and no brand. How to expand the meat and sheep industry and accelerate the development of Yongchang's agricultural economy? This is a complex exam question.
On March 24, a report on the development of the meat and sheep industry in Yongchang County was placed on the desk of Wang Jiantai, the secretary of the municipal party committee. The development of the meat and sheep industry is related to the industrial revitalization of Yongchang County, Wang Jiantai immediately made instructions after listening to the report on the development of the meat and sheep industry in Yongchang County: The sheep industry occupies a considerable proportion of the increase in farmers' income, and Yongchang County should attach great importance to it, do accurate positioning, live market, make the leader bigger, strengthen the brand, do the whole chain, do the best standard, do a good job, do a good job, do high quality, and promote the sheep industry with high-quality development to become an important pillar of industrial revitalization.
Sheep descending the mountain grass into the river to introduce good seeds into a system
Standardized aquaculture is on the fast track
Last year, the reporter was on a business trip in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and when the locals heard that the reporter was from Jinchang, many people said first:"Your lamb there is delicious!" ”
Due to the relationship between water and grass, the quality of mutton in Yongchang County is good and has been praised by many outsiders.
Like the development of many industries, in recent years, the meat and sheep industry in Yongchang County has been taking the road of transformation. Just before the implementation of the ecological environmental protection work in Qilian Mountain, Yongchang County began to "sheep down the mountain, grass into the river", the implementation of meat sheep house feeding, the introduction of excellent varieties, the improvement of meat sheep. Once, 96 meat sheep crossed the ocean and came to Yongchang from New Zealand, which became a sensation. To this day, the pace of improvement of meat sheep has not stopped.
The 4 cute lambs that were just 10 days old were snuggled tightly in the arms of the mother sheep, while the other mother sheep were followed by three or four lambs... This is the scene that the reporter saw at the Jinchang Meat and Sheep Experimental Demonstration Base of Northwest A&F University.
According to Professor Zhou Zhanqin, chief expert of the base and Northwest A&F University, the meat and sheep industry is the pillar industry of animal husbandry in our city. However, after the house feeding, the income of farmers and herdsmen has dropped significantly, and many sheep farms and farmers have suffered losses. In order to reverse this trend, since 2012, Northwest A&F University has established a meat and sheep experimental demonstration base in Yongchang County with the university-land cooperation project as a platform. After many investigations, 250 lake sheep were introduced from Zhejiang for breeding that year, and I did not expect that these lake sheep were particularly suitable for growing in Jinchang. After finding a breakthrough, a new strain of Jinchang Gaofan lake sheep with strong adaptability, strong breeding power and good lactation performance was quickly cultivated, and a three-level breeding demonstration production system for lake sheep breeding was established. Through the introduction of a new breeding model, not only will each fertile ewe produce 3.8 to 4 lambs per year, but also the lambs will grow as large as their mothers after four months. At present, such high-end lamb meat has been sold throughout the country, and the benefits have been doubled.
In the wave of improvement of meat and sheep breeds, Yongchang Meat Breeding Farm relies on the technical advantages of Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and has successively introduced 284 foreign high-quality meat sheep breeds such as Bodede, White Safok, Dubo, etc., concentrated on embryo transfer, and adopted intensive lambing technology to expand breeding sheep.
With the support of advanced production technology, a modern meat and sheep industry technology experimental demonstration area has been established, and the experimental results have been applied and popularized, so that the county's grass-fed animal husbandry technology has reached the leading level in the province. Since 2001, Yongchang County has gradually built a county, township and village three-level meat and sheep hybrid improvement promotion system, at present, the county's annual improvement of meat sheep reaches more than 150,000.
In the minds of ordinary people, a sheep farm is to raise sheep and feed sheep, which is rarely associated with patents. However, the whole mixed diet of meat and sheep with independent intellectual property rights developed by Yongchang Gansu Yuansheng Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd. can scientifically prepare nutrients with different contents of refined feed and roughage according to the different growth periods of sheep, so as to achieve the maximum saving and utilization of crude and refined feed.
Driven by radiation demonstration, Yongchang County has formed a complete industrial chain from forage planting, feed processing, high-breeding mother sheep breeding, the establishment and promotion of efficient hybridization mode, the construction of live sheep market, the development of mutton products, e-commerce and organic fertilizer production, and has built a breeding and supply base for lake sheep with the largest amount of feeding, the best quality of sheep and a high level of breeding technology in northwest China.
Small scale No brand
Many factors restrict the development of the industry
Many years ago, Yongchang County built a lamb deep processing factory, but it could not receive sheep. "Gansu Daily" once reported on the title of "Desai gang claimed the king, and the city and countryside did not see sheep." At that time, the scale of meat and sheep breeding in Yongchang County reached 1 million, but it could not support the processing capacity of an enterprise.
Problems such as large quantity but small scale, good quality but no brand have always restricted the development of Yongchang meat and sheep industry.
After a cold winter period in which lamb prices continued to fall from 2014 to 2016, lamb prices began to pick up in 2017. The price of lamb cut meat at the beginning of the year is 26 yuan per kilogram, and the price at the end of the year is 29 yuan per kilogram, an increase of 11.54%; the price of lamb cut meat at the beginning of the year is 29 yuan per kilogram, and the price at the end of the year is 36 yuan per kilogram, an increase of 24.14%; the price of finished mutton products such as restaurants and mutton restaurants at the beginning of the year is 50 yuan per kilogram, and at the end of the year it is 65 yuan per kilogram, an increase of 30%. With the gradual recovery of the meat and sheep market, the efficiency of meat and sheep breeding has been significantly improved.
The development of the meat and sheep industry is an effective measure to promote the stable increase of farmers' income and promote the healthy development of the county economy. The meat and sheep market has warmed up, but problems such as "high quality is not good price" have been placed in front of a group of people in the Yongchang County Party Committee and County Government.
"Although the market price of meat and sheep has picked up, it is still not much sweet for free-range farmers like us. On the one hand, the amount of inventory is small, and large orders cannot be received at all. On the other hand, there will also be local aquaculture enterprises and large households competing to suppress prices, forming a situation of disorderly competition. Yang Maolu, a free-range farmer in Xincheng sub-town in Yongchang County, told reporters.
Although the prospects of the meat and sheep industry in Yongchang County are optimistic and the potential is huge, with the increasing downward pressure on the economy in recent years, the prices of bulk agricultural products are generally sluggish, the price of mutton fluctuates greatly, and the consumer demand continues to upgrade, so that the meat and sheep industry in Yongchang County has entered a bottleneck period.
Deeply investigating the reasons, although the number of meat and sheep breeding in Yongchang County, breeding communities (farms) and other digital indicators have reached a high level, there are generally problems such as scattered breeding, low efficiency, low degree of specialization, market information and poor sales. In addition, due to the impact of the market downturn in recent years, the enthusiasm of farmers has been frustrated. Factors such as low brand awareness, "high quality but not good price" of products, tight combination of breeding and breeding, and the formation of the whole industrial chain of meat and sheep have not yet been formed, which restricts the sustained and healthy development of the meat and sheep industry in Yongchang County.
Zhang Xiyun, chairman of Gansu Yuansheng Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd., said: "To make the meat and sheep industry a pillar industry in Yongchang County, it is necessary to break the situation of going it alone, let the meat and sheep industry form an overall industrial chain, make a fuss about deep processing, beat the brand out, and take the road of sustainable development." ”
Fulongtou build a base Strong standard tree brand
Make every effort to solve the dilemma of the sheep industry
How to proceed from reality and guide the meat and sheep industry out of the predicament has become an urgent issue to be solved. In the next step, Yongchang County will formulate and issue the "Meat and Sheep Sales Subsidy Incentive Measures", reward and support the county's domestic and foreign sales enterprises, export more than 1,000 live sheep, carcass and split meat more than 15 tons per year, and reward 0.5 million yuan per 500 live sheep, support the county's breeding enterprises, processing enterprises, transportation and marketing enterprises and sales enterprises in large and medium-sized cities inside and outside the province to establish long-term cooperative relations, and sign stable supply and marketing cooperation agreements.
At the same time, vigorously support e-commerce enterprises to carry out network marketing, relying on Xiyuan, Yuansheng, Sanyo and other breeding and processing enterprises with certain economic strength and foundation, increase cooperation with large websites such as Jingdong, Taobao, Tmall, etc., and expand sales channels. Encourage breeding enterprises, large distribution and marketing households, slaughtering and processing enterprises, sales enterprises, catering enterprises, etc. to adopt the method of "agricultural crowdfunding" to establish a large-scale live animal trading market, and improve the level of large-scale production, processing and sales of meat and sheep.
The development of the sheep industry must have both the pull of the leader and the tension of the base.
In the poverty alleviation and breeding base of Touba Village, Dongzhai Town, Yongchang County, the lake sheep raised in the backyard of every household are fat and strong. Touba Village introduced two leading enterprises of Tianqin Animal Husbandry and Yuansheng Agriculture and Animal Husbandry to build a poverty alleviation and breeding base, and established the Xinsheng Animal Husbandry Cooperative, forming a development model of "company + base + farmer". Farmers themselves pay 60,000 yuan, governments at all levels subsidize 67,000 yuan per household, and build 156 new breeding greenhouses; Tianqin Animal Husbandry Company has also invested 16 million yuan in the breeding base and built 10 high-standard sheep houses.
Standardized production is the foundation of the development of the meat and sheep industry.
Yongchang County will vigorously carry out the construction of breeding standardization, with the goal of producing high-quality green and safe mutton, incorporate the main body of meat and sheep breeding production and processing in the county into the breeding standardization supervision system, strengthen supervision and law enforcement, strictly control the use of veterinary drugs, feed, feed additives and other inputs, improve breeding files, expand the scope of traceability, and ensure the quality and safety of meat and sheep products. Combined with the grain feeding project, we will actively adjust the planting structure, support the new agricultural business entities to plant 200,000 mu of excellent forage such as alfalfa and oats, and provide high-quality forage for the development of the meat and sheep industry. Support leading enterprises such as Yuansheng Agriculture and Animal Husbandry to build a mutton deep processing production line, support standardized central kitchens, develop mutton chain catering, extend the industrial chain, and make the Yongchang meat and sheep industry bigger and stronger.
Without the leadership of the brand, it is impossible to gain a firm foothold in the market. The national agricultural product quality and safety county is a "golden signboard" in Yongchang County. In order to launch the "Yongchang Meat Sheep" public brand, it is necessary to guide the production, processing and sales enterprises of meat sheep to use the main logo of "Yongchang Meat Sheep", strive to enhance the market share and brand influence of "Yongchang Meat Sheep", build Xiyuan "Qilian Tianbao" and Yuansheng "Sour Lamb" into famous trademarks in the province, and strive to work towards well-known trademarks in the country to form a number of green meat and sheep enterprise brands with strong competitiveness, high added value and good reputation.
Qi Shangrong, deputy county magistrate of Yongchang County, told reporters that in the next step, Yongchang County will, in accordance with the requirements of the municipal party committee and municipal government, make the meat and sheep industry accurate positioning, live market, make the big leader, strengthen the brand, do the whole chain, do excellent standards, do a good job, do a good job, do high quality, and promote the sheep industry to become an important pillar of industrial revitalization with high-quality development.
Text/Reporter Yun Zhonglun Liu Weiye
Photo/Reporter Qi Xiaosong