Fruit tree borers are dried pests, and the prevention effect is good in winter

There are many insect pests that harm fruit trees, and the most difficult to control is dried moth pests. If you grasp the overwintering characteristics of various dried moth pests in fruit trees, combined with pruning and the combination of agricultural control and pharmaceutical control, and eliminate their wintering insect bodies during the winter dormancy period, better results can be obtained. Several common winter control methods for dried moth pests are introduced as follows:

1. Lepidoptera moth pests

1. Apple permeable moth. It can be harmful to apples, pears, peaches, plums, apricots and cherries, and it is difficult to control dried moths. Occurs 1 generation a year, with larvae overwintering under the trunk bark. The larvae burrow into the branches, mostly mothing the phloem at the forks of the branches or near the wound, and sometimes reaching the xylem. At the beginning of the bark damage, water droplets of mucus flow from the surface, and then gradually turn yellow-brown and mixed with wood chips, forming an irregular moth under the bark, which is filled with insect droppings.

Control method: use a knife to scrape off the bark of the victim, dig out the larvae in it, in order not to harm the bark, you can also use 80% of the dimethoate emulsion 50 times liquid or apply kerosene to the victim to kill the overwintering larvae in the shallow bark.

2. Grape penetrating moth. The grape-winged moth is a major lepidoptera pest that harms grapes. Occurs once a year, and the larvae are used to drill the young shoots of the borer, affecting the growth of branches and fruit. The posterior branches of the marrow of the moth often expand into tumors and overwinter within them.

Prevention and control method: According to the appearance symptoms of the branches, the expanded branches will be cut off, and then concentrated treatment. For thicker vines, 80% of the dichlorvos can be inserted into the worm hole with 50 times the liquid of the waste cotton, and the larvae that have been drilled are fumigated to death, and the medicinal killing effect is good.

3. Apple beetle moth. It is mainly harmful to pears, apples, walnuts and other kernel fruit trees, stone fruit trees, and is a destructive pest of fruit trees. At the same time, it is also an important quarantine pest in China. The insect is mainly damaged by larvae borers, resulting in a large number of fruit shedding or rotting before ripening, which seriously affects the production and sales of host products. The insect mainly occurs in Xinjiang, Gansu and other apple-producing areas in China. Mature larvae overwinter under cracked old bark, cracks in broken trees, branches of trunks, tree cavities near trunks or roots, pillars that support trunks, and other crevices.

Prevention and control methods: First, clean up the orchard. Timely removal of insect borers and collection of fallen fruits on the ground, and centralized treatment. The second is to scrape off the old warp skin. Before overwintering, dormancy of fruit trees and early spring germination, scrape the coarse and upturned skins of the main trunk and main branches to eliminate the wintering insect body. The scraped bark and insect body are burned in time to reduce the incidence of insect pests. After scraping the bark, the main trunk and main branches of the fruit tree can be painted with a 5-degree stone sulfur compound in Pommé, or a quicklime, stone sulfur compound, salt, clay and water, mixed according to the ratio of 10:2:2:2:40, and then a small amount of whitening agent made of amperethrin is added to brush the main trunk or main branch of the fruit tree. It can also be used to use sotuss, cloth rings, to trap larvae, or artificially create a place for apple beetle moths to pupate overwintering, to induce old mature larvae to poison.

2. Hymenoptera pests

This type of pest is mainly pear stem bees, which occur once a year, and the female adults lay eggs in the phloem of the young shoots in early to mid-April, and then use their serrated ovipoters to saw off the upper part of the spawning site, and after hatching, they are moth-fed, down to the 2-year-old branches, and settle in them for wintering.

Control method: When performing winter pruning, the broken pile should be cut off, disposed of before March of each year, and burned all to kill the larvae hidden in it. It is best to combine the natural enemy of the pear stem bee to protect the parasitic bees, and the damaged branches that cannot be cut can be poked into the old branches of the victims with wires to kill the larvae or pupae.

3. Coleoptera pests

1. Gidding insects. Mainly parasitic on apple and pear trees, pear trees generally occur in a generation of 1 to 2 years, harming the superficial cortex, formation layer and phloem, the cortex of the victim site is cracked, and there is red mucus oozing out of the insect scar. The worm passage spirals up in an oval shape, and the worm passage is piled up with brown worm dung.

Control method: use 1 kg of kerosene plus 0.1 kg of 80% dichlorvos emulsion, stir well and apply to the insect scar to kill its larvae.

2. Tianniu class. Tianniu, also known as iron yak, foot worm or wood borer, mainly includes mulberry cattle, star cattle, peach-necked cattle, etc., which are extremely harmful in fruit trees and often cause damage to the garden. By grasping the comprehensive prevention and control in winter, we can better kill the tianniu.

Prevention and control methods: First, strengthen the winter garden clearance. In winter, when clearing the garden and pruning the whole branches, it is necessary to check the various holes in the trunk, block the holes with clay, and repair the coarse and burst bark, keep the trunk smooth, and cut down the plants and the old fruit trees with large insect population density in time. Before the cold comes, whitewash the trunk and branches with whitening agent. The ratio of quicklime, sulfur powder, salt, edible oil, cattle glue, insects and water is mixed into a paste to become a whitening agent according to the ratio of 10:1:1:0.5:0.5:0.5.5. The second is to stab or hook the larvae. During the winter agricultural leisure period, look at the larval feces in the cave to determine whether there are larvae and insect body activities, use a sharp wire to insert it from the fresh excrement hole into the top of the tunnel, and repeatedly stab the larvae inside it several times. You can also use a small iron rod to hollow out the worm dung in the cave, use 18 ~ 24 steel wire bundles into a ring, the front end has a small hook, according to the depth of the hole a ring into the spread, slow twisting and slow delivery, hook killing, good effect. Drug control can be made of cotton balls dipped in a little 80% dichlorvos emulsion oil to make a poison swab into the penultimate first or second row of fecal holes, and immediately seal all the fecal holes with wet mud to play a fumigation and insecticidal effect.

Source: New technology for fruit tree planting