Yinchuan confirmed a case of "Black Death" patient, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Health Commission WeChat public account "Healthy Ningxia" issued a notice on August 22, said that on August 21, the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University was confirmed to live in Chabu Commune, Ulan Town, Otoke Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, a 55-year-old woman who has been engaged in herding work for many years, Ma Moumou was infected with the "Black Death". #Yinchuan confirmed one imported case of plague ##银川确诊输入性鼠疫患者病情危重 #
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" Data-track="3" How terrible was the Black Death >? </h1>
The Black Death is named after the black body that causes subcutaneous bleeding or necrosis of the patient's limbs and the blackening of the deceased's body. The Black Death was actually what we often call the plague. How terrible was this Black Death? Simply put, it is one level higher than the "new crown".
At present, it is still spreading around the world, and some time ago there was a rebound that caused some areas to block traffic and block communities, and the "new crown" is classified as a Class B infectious disease according to the list of infectious diseases, while the plague or the Black Death is a real Class A infectious disease. You know, there are only two types of Class A infectious diseases at present, one is plague, and the other is cholera. Once the plague is confirmed, the hospital is required to report to the epidemic prevention department within 2 hours, isolate and treat the patient and his contacts, and impose a mandatory blockade on the area where the epidemic occurs.
Plague, a fierce infectious disease caused by Yersinia pestis, rodents that originate in the natural source of plague, the most common is bubonic plague, the highest case fatality rate is pneumonic plague, in addition to septic plague.
And there are not only many types of plague, but also many ways of transmission, there are "rat-flea-man", that is, the flea that has bitten the rat bites people again, spreading the plague from rats to humans. There is "person-to-person", and pneumonic plague is transmitted through respiratory droplets from person to person, which is similar to the way the new crown virus is transmitted. In addition, laboratory workers who are not well protected are infected by inhalation and sharp object stabbing.
Historically, there have been three major spreads of plague around the world, the second of which was the most harmful, directly causing nearly 100 million deaths in Europe, Asia and Africa.
The infamous Japanese Unit 731 has launched plague germ warfare, and it is recorded that 9 kg of plague and dried anthrax bacteria were produced from January to February 1941, 9 kg of plague and anthrax dried bacteria were produced in May 1941, 70 kg of plague dried bacteria were produced from September to November 1941, 5 kg of dried plague bacteria were produced in December 1941, and 24 kg of plague and anthrax dried bacteria were produced in April 1942. Due to the lack of reliable information on the specific release location and time, we can only find two records, one was in the summer of 1938, when the plague bacteria were airdropped in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, and the other was in December 1941, when Ishii Shiro personally dropped the plague bomb in Changde, Hunan Province.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="23" > review of the occurrence of "plague" in recent years</h1>
Although the prevention and control of plague is very strong, there will still be cases of plague in recent years. The confirmed case of plague in Yinchuan is the first case in 2020.
In 2019, 4 people were confirmed to be infected with plague, and on November 12, 2019, 2 people in Sunit Zuoqi, Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, were diagnosed with plague patients. On November 16, 2019, a person from the Yellow Flag Bayin Tarasumu Quarry in Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia, was diagnosed as a plague patient. On November 27, 2019, a herdsman in Gacha, Siziwangqi River, Wulanchabu City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, was diagnosed with plague.
Further ahead, one case occurred in 2017 and 2016, and three cases appeared in 2014, one of which was in July 2014, when a man in Yumen, Gansu Province, was diagnosed with plague, and all 151 people who had been in close contact with the man after the diagnosis were quarantined. There was one case in 2012 and one case in 2011.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="24" What are the symptoms of > after infection with plague? </h1>
Bubonic plague infection presents with acute lymphadenitis, pain, erythema, abscesses, etc. at the site of the bite, and lymphadenopathy and pain. Pneumonic plague patients are mostly based on respiratory symptoms, chest pain, cough, coughing up a large amount of bright red blood sputum, and difficulty breathing. Patients with sepsis-type plague present with central nervous symptoms such as delirium and coma, as well as bleeding symptoms such as nosebleeds, blood in the stool, and hematuria.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="25" > plague, farmers and herders are more susceptible than urban people</h1>
Although plague has a "human-to-human" transmission method, under strong prevention and control measures, human-to-human transmission will be quickly controlled. The vast majority of infected people are infected by rodents.
According to studies, dirty and crowded environments increase the probability of plague transmission. Moreover, compared with urban people, farmers, hunters, herders, etc. have more opportunities to contact the source of infection and have a higher risk of infection. In recent years, most of the patients diagnosed are herders.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="26" how to prevent and control plague (Black Death)>? </h1>
Although the plague is very terrible, but it is as preventable and controllable as the new crown, China currently has a total of 11 natural plague foci, including the eastern Daur weasel plague, the southern home plague source, the western marmot plague source, the long-clawed gerbil plague source in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia, so farmers and herders in Qinghai, Tibet, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia need special attention.
First of all, we must avoid being bitten by mosquitoes in the wild, especially residents of the natural source of plague in southwest and northwest China should avoid being bitten by fleas and other bites when going out to work, and insect repellents can be used if necessary. Secondly, we must do a good job in the hygiene work of the family and the surroundings, keep the room clean, avoid the accumulation of debris, and do a good job of removing rats if there are rats. Then those who have pets at home should regularly bathe and deworm to prevent fleas. Finally, food in the countryside should be stored properly to avoid contamination by rats.