From the perspective of world history, humanity has faced various disasters and crises from the beginning, and each crisis has caused great losses. Among them, war and plague, especially the plague, caused the most lethality, especially the plague, in the long river of history, caused several existential crises of mankind, each time bringing huge deaths. But in general, the damage caused by the plague was limited and quickly resolved, with the exception of the Black Death in the European Middle Ages. For this reason, in fact, many people still do not understand why the death rate in Europe was so high during the Black Death. In fact, the root cause is only two words.
The Black Death was a devastating plague that broke out in medieval Europe over a period of six years, beginning in 1347 and ending in 1353. During this period, Europe had a total population of 75 million, and after 6 years of plague, the number of deaths reached more than 25 million. That is, the annual death toll exceeds 4 million, which is called a catastrophe in the entire history of Europe. Until now, it has been called a hell in Europe, and it is difficult to look back.
From the current point of view, the death caused by the Black Death in Europe at that time was particularly large and lasted the longest, and it was precisely because of this that the final death was very tragic. For this reason, many experts have not yet figured out, why is this? In fact, now, the root cause is only two words, that is, "hygiene".
We know that plagues are actually produced by bacteria, and bacterial breeding is often caused by dirty mess and cross-infection. The reason why there is less plague now is that there are toilets, sewers and other sanitation facilities, which have a transformative impact on human hygiene. In medieval Europe, when many European cities had no sanitation system, no toilets, no flushing equipment, no sewers.
Even in big cities, the cities were dirty and messy at the time, and they defecated on the ground, and even most residents threw excrement out of the window. The most typical is the big city of Europe at that time, Paris, known as the most filthy city, the whole city is dirty to the extreme. On the surface, the urban buildings are very magnificent, but in fact there is feces everywhere, and there is filth everywhere.
So we can see that the most tragic deaths at that time were often the cities. Now experts analyze why the Black Death in Europe could not end at that time, because the health of Europe was extremely poor, the city was smelly, and the bacteria were overgrown, so the plague continued to spread and could not be solved. The result was a devastating blow to the city, with the death toll rising to more than 25 million.
Now go to Europe, see so clean streets, so clean cities, you may not expect that in the Middle Ages, europe at that time, that was the dirtiest and messiest place in the world, the city was full of bacteria, smelly. So see here, you can understand why the epidemic in India is so serious!
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Reference: Modern and Contemporary World History.