The European Commission's Industry 5.0: Towards a Sustainable, People-Centred and Resilient European Industry (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") formally sets out a vision and strategy for the future of European industrial development, namely Industry 5.0. Industry 5.0 originates from Industry 4.0, but is not simply a continuation, but pays more attention to social and ecological values, which requires industrial production to respect and protect the ecology of the earth, put the interests of workers at the center of the production process, and then enable industry to achieve social goals other than employment and growth, and become the cornerstone of social stability and prosperity. Industry 5.0 is considered to be the latest form of industrial development, and the content in the report on the implementation of people-oriented, enhancing the resilience of the industrial chain supply chain, and strengthening the integration and application of emerging technologies has reference significance for the development of intelligent manufacturing in China.
< h1 toutiao-origin="h2" > the main highlight of the Report on intelligent manufacturing</h1>
To implement the core position of workers in intelligent manufacturing, the report emphasizes the participation in the design and deployment of new technologies, the integration and application of new technologies in work, and the education and training of new technologies. The Report analyzes how to put people first from three aspects. The first is to reposition the role of workers. Treat workers as an investment of the enterprise, allowing workers to participate in the design and deployment of new intelligent manufacturing technologies such as robotics and artificial intelligence. The core of the application of new technologies is to serve people and meet the diversified needs of workers, not simply "substitution". The second is to create a safe and inclusive work environment. For repetitive, simple or safety-threatening work, it is necessary to gradually promote machine substitution. For more professional tasks, it is necessary to promote the integration and application of a new generation of information technology such as artificial intelligence to help workers complete them efficiently. The third is the upgrading and re-improvement of skills. With the increase in the degree of automation and digitization of production, it is necessary to promote the transformation and upgrading of workers' skills to adapt to the needs of the future labor market. Efforts should be made to develop workers' digital skills and adopt new approaches to technology development to make technology more intuitive and accessible. Strengthen cooperation between enterprises and training institutions to promote a greater role for enterprises in the education and training of the workforce.
Regarding the resilience of the industrial chain supply chain in intelligent manufacturing, the Report proposes three measures to improve the risk prevention investment mechanism, improve the level of autonomy and controllability, and promote the construction of smart factories. At present, due to the influence of geopolitics and public security events and other factors, the vulnerability of the global industrial chain and value chain is prominent. The report recommends that in the future, Europe needs to build a resilient industrial chain supply chain, and the industry needs to have the ability to adapt quickly when the environment facing key value chains changes. The first is to improve the recovery of the industrial chain supply chain and the investment mechanism of royal insurance. Improve the investment mechanism of the recovery fund in the "next generation EU" recovery plan to improve investment efficiency; establish a new strategic investment mechanism, and each member state needs to formulate detailed investment and reform plans; and strengthen investment in strategic industrial chains. The second is to enhance the independent and controllable ability of the industrial chain in key areas through technological innovation. Strengthen the application of technologies such as artificial intelligence, digital twins and simulation, promote the development of new materials, and enhance the flexibility and agility of production systems. The third is to promote the construction of smart factories. Encourage enterprises to build modular flexible production lines and remotely operate factories.
Attaching importance to the integrated development of intelligent manufacturing and resource and environmental ecology, the report recommends that it be achieved by promoting the deep integration of green technology innovation and manufacturing digitalization, and innovative business models. Sustainable development has always been at the heart of European policy. The Report plans to achieve sustainable development by implementing the Industry 5.0 strategy to improve the utilization of energy resources in the industrial sector. The first is to further strengthen the application of artificial intelligence, additive manufacturing and other technologies, promote the deep integration of green technology innovation and manufacturing digitalization, and improve the intelligent level of enterprises in resource allocation, process control, energy conservation and emission reduction. The second is to encourage enterprises to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction through innovative business models. For example, we provide customized production and services, and promote the reuse of secondary resources and by-products.
<h1 toutiao-origin="h2" > some enlightenment for China's promotion of intelligent manufacturing</h1>
Adhering to the people-oriented concept, we will deepen the construction of intelligent manufacturing systems. Change the concept of thinking, abandon the simple "machine substitution" traditional thinking, and establish the concept of people as the core rather than technology as the core. The first is to promote the implementation of concepts such as human-information-physical systems (HCPS) and human factors engineering in the practice of intelligent manufacturing. The second is to encourage enterprises to implement "participatory design", reflect the attention to people's thinking and emotions in research and development design, and fully attach importance to and respect consumer needs. The third is to strengthen the application of sensing and communication, dynamic task planning, mobile worker assistance, etc. in the production process, to ensure that workers safely participate in human-machine collaboration, and to give full play to the respective advantages of humans and machines to complete various tasks. The fourth is to make the environmental and social aspects of sustainable development a priority of the R&D program.
Further strengthen the core key technologies of intelligent manufacturing. On the one hand, drawing on the practice of the Report's action toolbox, a series of action plans such as project funding and technology promotion have been formulated. The first is to increase the research and development of basic technologies for full-process simulation, hybrid modeling based on mechanism and data drive, and multi-objective collaborative optimization; the second is to carry out collaborative research on key common technologies such as intelligent perception, human-machine collaboration, and precision detection, and gradually realize the autonomy and controllability of key common technologies; the third is to promote the research and development of applicable technologies in the manufacturing field such as artificial intelligence, big data, and edge computing by encouraging applications. On the other hand, we will give full play to the advantages of the new national system and integrate forces to build innovation carriers such as manufacturing innovation centers, engineering research centers, and engineering technology research centers in the field of intelligent manufacturing. Give full play to the main role of enterprises and scientific research institutions in integrated innovation, support the combination of industry, education, research and collaborative innovation, and promote the construction of a technology roadmap.
Promote the construction of intelligent manufacturing demonstration factories. Actively explore the application of new technologies such as digital twins, artificial intelligence, 5G, blockchain, edge computing, and virtual reality in typical scenarios, links, and levels, and create intelligent scenarios for the application of multiple new technologies. Encourage enterprises with a foundation to deepen the deep integration and application of a new generation of information technology and production and manufacturing, carry out intelligent transformation of production lines, fully introduce information systems such as manufacturing execution systems, and build digital intelligent factories. Continuously improve the evaluation standards of smart factories, clarify the evaluation index system, evaluation sub-rules, evaluation processes, etc., and consider a combination of online and offline evaluation to evaluate enterprises. Summarize and promote the typical experience of intelligent manufacturing, and encourage enterprises to implement new intelligent manufacturing models such as network collaborative manufacturing, large-scale personalized customization, and remote operation and maintenance services.
Efforts should be made to improve the support and guarantee of finance and taxation and talents, and reform the supervision method of technological innovation. The first is to increase fiscal and taxation financial support. Encourage national science and technology major projects, industrial base reconstruction project funds and other support for the field of intelligent manufacturing; optimize the first (set) of major technical equipment insurance compensation and incentive policies; encourage financial institutions to develop supply chain finance and other financial products that meet the characteristics of intelligent manufacturing. The second is to strengthen the construction of the contingent of qualified personnel. Consider formulating more targeted and more intensive intelligent manufacturing talent training measures, increase vocational skills training on digital and intelligent skills; strengthen the digital skills training of incumbents and transfer personnel, explore and improve the apprenticeship system; deepen the construction of new engineering disciplines, and cultivate professional talents by supporting colleges and universities to strengthen the construction of discipline majors and curriculum systems. The third is to promote the construction of an intelligent and intelligent public service platform, build a sound service network, and carry out consultation and diagnosis, project docking, and enterprise evaluation. The fourth is to explore new regulatory methods such as innovation contracts and regulatory sandboxes.
Author 丨 Yun Yanhui, director of the Intelligent Manufacturing Research Office of the Industrial Policy Institute of CCID Think Tank
Edited by Lian Xiaodong
American editor 丨 Maria