Song Wan, (1614-1674), zi yushu, li pei, native of Laiyang, Shandong, born in the 42nd year of the Ming Dynasty (1614), one of the most influential poetic leaders in the early Qing Dynasty. Gaozu Songdi was the first jinshi of Laiyang in the Ming Dynasty, and was once an official to the deputy envoy of Zhejiang. His father, Song Yingheng (宋應亨), was a member of the Apocalypse Period and served successively in the daimyo province of Qingfengzhi County, where he held the rank of official Inspector Ofeshi Shilang.
The former residence of Song Wan, located on downtown Laiyang Street, was built in the last years of the Ming Dynasty. In the fifth year of qing guangxu (1879), Mao Fanglian of Laiyang Zhixian erected a monument to him "The Former Residence of Mr. Song Lisheng", and the "Luxiang Academy" was opened in the former residence of Daoguang, which was changed to a government primary school during the Guangxu period and later Laiyang Middle School. In 1981, the local government announced it as a municipal key cultural security unit, and in 1992 it was upgraded to a provincial key cultural security unit.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > poetry all-rounder, famous in Beijing</h1>
Song Wan adhered to the family style of the eunuch, he was intelligent since childhood, hard to study, took the exam county, the government examination, all ranked first, talent moved at that time. Wang Xi's "Epitaph of Song Huan" records that "although the year is still young, the name of the poem is heard in all directions." In the eighth year of Chongzhen at the end of the Ming Dynasty (1635), as a local high-ranking student, he paid tribute to beijing for further study and became a national high hall. His talent, together with his father Song Yingheng and his elder brother Song Huang, was famous in Beijing for a while.
In the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), the Ming Dynasty was in danger, and the Qing army repeatedly went south and invaded Shandong and other places. When a Qing army approached Laiyang City, Song Yingheng scattered his family wealth to repair the city wall, and together with Chen Xianji, then the Ling of Laiyang County, and Song Mei (Clan Zi), the attendant of the Ministry of Works, led the Song clan and local villagers to form a local armed force to resist the invaders.
At that time, Song Huan happened to travel to Wuzhong and visit his second brother Song Huang in Hangzhou, and he was spared military disasters outside. After the destruction of the city and the death of his family, he was exiled to Suzhou, Hangzhou, Jinling and other places, Song Wan's ideological conduct was deeply influenced by his father, and the living life gave him the opportunity to contact the life at the bottom of society and feel the suffering of the common people.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > family style is clean and has benefited from it</h1>
In Qingfeng County, Song Yingheng's administration won the hearts of the people, and the people built the "Yi Yong Hall" to worship, and every February on Song Yingheng's birthday, they would donate money to prepare a ceremony. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, when the king passed through Qingfeng County, he especially warned the soldiers that "the Song Gong has virtue for the people, and the temple cannot be destroyed." When the Shunzhi Emperor ascended the throne, the Qing court knew that the killing was too heavy, actively reused the former officials of the Ming Dynasty, and commended the anti-Qing righteous soldiers who died on the occasion of the Yi Dynasty.
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the land of China ushered in the last ruler of the feudal dynasty. The Qing Dynasty entered the Central Plains, paying special attention to the selection and co-optation of Han intellectuals, Shunzhi three years (1646), under the auspices of the Qing court, for the first time to open a branch to take the soldiers, although there is a national ruin and the family is unforgettable, but Song Huan still with superb knowledge, the township test won the Central Asian Kui, the following year he was also a middle soldier, the imperial court initially appointed the head of the Henan Department of the Household Department, and later transferred to the chief of the Inspectorate of the Ministry of Officials.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > promoted and released, and the first time they were in prison</h1>
This period of life in Beijing is undoubtedly the most comfortable and windy time in Song Wan's career, and Song Huan, who is in his in the process of standing, is full of pride, full of hope for the future, and is determined to make a career for the people like his father. In the sixth year of Shunzhi (1649), Song Huan met many talented friends in the capital, and gave drinking and poetry to seven people, including Yan Xun and Bulang Shi Runzhang, and sang congratulations in return, and was once known as the Manjing Master, known as the "Seven Sons of Yantai".
The achievements and poetic styles of the Seven Sons are different, among which Shi Runzhang of Xuancheng in Anhui and Song Huan in Laiyang, Shandong have a great influence, and have the reputation of "Southern Shi Northern Song". In the seventh year of Shunzhi (1650), with the assistance of his disciples, Song Wan's "Li Pei Anthology" and "Li Pei Poetry Collection" were published in one volume each, and Chinese New Year's Eve seven years old.
In the eleventh year of Shunzhi (1654), when he was serving as the Inspector of The Shaanxi Branch, he passed through Qingfeng and went to the "Yi Yong Hall" to worship the spirits, and the local people heard about it and went to the suburbs to greet him. Song Huan knew that the New Dynasty literary network was meticulous, and did not dare to reveal the actual cause of his father's death. Even so, it has not escaped the disasters of heaven.
Song Wan's political life had just begun, he suffered a heavy blow, he had been in office for less than three years, by the villain rumors, the imperial court turned over his father Song Yingheng's resistance to the Qing, Song Wan was immediately arrested and imprisoned. It took three months before he was rehabilitated and released from prison, and the official was reinstated. For the later encounters, this is only a "drizzle".
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > framed and imprisoned twice</h1>
It can be said that every promotion of Song Wan is accompanied by a prison pain. In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (1661), Song Huan was promoted by the imperial court to zhejiang as an envoy. In the spring of the following year, Song Wan's nephew of the same ethnic group named Song Yibing, because of the theft, fell into the hands of Song Wan's eldest brother Song Fan, who was impartial and selfless, and insisted on handling it according to laws and regulations. Song Yi was so desperate that he became angry and went so far as to falsely accuse Song Fan and the Song Brothers of conspiring with Yu Lewu (i.e., Yu Qi), the leader of the Qixia Anti-Qing Rebel Army, to conspire against rebellion.
The imperial court was originally suspicious of Song Yingheng's anti-Qing moves, but at this moment it was convinced of Song Yingheng's "bandits", and immediately ordered that Song Yingheng, his wife, nephews, and others be sent to the capital for trial. Song Huan was arrested and imprisoned and imprisoned in the Western Cao Punishment Department. Regarding this encounter, Song Huan wrote in a later manuscript of the sacrificial father, "The crime was manifested, the brother did not save, the hatred was deeply hated, the flying chapter whistleblowed, and the heavens were shocked", resulting in "several anointed axes, ancient injustices, and the whole family being reeled." The danger is overflowing with pen and ink.
The second imprisonment totaled two years and one day, and song wan's many poems recorded this experience, and he wrote in poems such as "The Book of Rewarding Qian Xiangling" and "The Book of Answering Fang Lizu" that the prison was "round and dark, the day was dark, and the sound of hitting was incessant." In summer, mosquitoes and gnats gather and steam, in autumn, the wet ground sits up and sits quietly, and in winter, the ice and snow are not enough metaphors." He suffered a lot of humiliation in prison and lived a miserable life of "being a prisoner in the morning and a ghost in the evening".
Fortunately, this case was circumvented by Jiang Guozhu, the great sikong, and personally went to Laiyang to verify the truth, "knowing his grievances and trying to be Shen Xue." It was not until the winter of the second year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1663) that the Qing court concluded the trial of Song Wan's case, holding that "there was no trace of poor governance, and the evidence was not appropriate to sit", in short, that is, no actual evidence was found, and he was released. This was also due to the Huairou policy adopted by Kangxi when he first ascended to the throne to co-opt Han intellectuals and stabilize the political situation throughout the country.
Although the imperial court did not punish him, after his release from prison, he was not rehabilitated and reinstated. After that, Song Huan had been idle at home, and soon he went to his residence in Jiangnan, but he did not expect that there would be another prison lawsuit in Zhejiang, involving his appointment as an envoy in Zhejiang, and he was almost arrested and imprisoned again, fortunately, jiang Guozhu, the great sikong, once again came to his aid and released him on bail, and finally there was no "three entrances to the palace".
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > has a fatherly grudge and is secretive</h1>
Although Song Huan had many sacrifices, he was always secretive about the cause of his father's death, and the only time, in the "Ancestral Doctor's Sacrifice Day Set up in the Upper Temple of Runzhou", he wrote about his father's encounter, "Yaying's soul is in Fengdi, and he regards death as a return". Shortly after the Zhejiang incident, his eldest brother Song Bianke died in Zihu.
In the third year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1664), Song Xun's younger brother Song Xunzhongjinshi (宋珣中進士), was appointed by the imperial court as the head of the Wenxuan Department of the Bureaucracy. At this time, Song Huan, still living in Jiangnan, successively lived in the places of friends in Hangzhou, Jiangning, Suzhou and other places, and he once wrote about his situation in "He Shandong Yuan Futai New Ren Qi", "Slandering sand, seven feet of pawn fled to Ding Wok; like a defeated leaf, eight years drifted in the rivers and lakes."
In the eleventh year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1672), Song Mu threw himself into a private complaint, and the unjust case in Zhejiang was finally obtained by Zhaoxue, and he was once again used by the Qing court and given the post of envoy to Sichuan. In the first month of the following year, Song Huan returned to Laiyang Province, and was subsequently ordered to enter Beijing for a visit, at this time Song Huan was already suffering from illness. Under the suppression of the policy of "rectifying san francisco", Wu Sangui launched a rebellion in Yunnan and Sichuan, capturing Chengdu, and Song Wan's wife and children in Shuzhong fell into the hands of rebels. Song Wan, who had just entered beijing, heard the news that he was "frightened and depressed", and actually died of illness in the Kyoto pavilion. He was fifty-nine years old.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > [digression].</h1>
There is an insoluble mystery in this, Song Yingheng's father Song Yingheng died fighting against the Qing Bao family, as a son of man, in the face of national hatred and hatred, why did he choose to join the Qing court? There may be two reasons:
The first is forced by the continuation of family survival. At the time of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many prosperous families were destroyed in an instant by military disasters, and the Song Family and the Song Mei Family, who lived in Laiyang, were unable to stand alone and suffered heavy losses. Compared with Song Mei, who died in battle, Song Huan moved his family south to Jingkou, and "the mansion was occupied by YiHao".
When Shunzhi was able to return to his hometown in the second year, Song Huan was faced with a desolate ruin. In order to solve the most urgent economic dilemma in front of him, Song Huan had to "sell goods to the imperial family", he put aside the hatred of his home and country, and chose to "undo the brown clothes by the bus", which was indeed forced to be helpless. Whether Song Huan regrets his original choice has been made very clear in his poem "For Confucianism is easy to become corrupt, and the wrong person is only a thin eunuch".
The second is the pursuit of the value of life. On how to realize the value of life, Song Wan once mentioned three ways, the temple in the middle of the civil rule, the battlefield above the construction of martial arts, the two can not be obtained, then go away to the mountains and forests, do not ask about the world. For the "battlefield construction merit", Song Huan's chances are zero, and he also has the idea of living in seclusion, shortly after his father's death in the country, Song Huan once wrote "Eight Poems of Ji Sorrow", which has a sentence of "This body is sweet and secluded, and finally cuts the tomb side".
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the appeal of the imperial examination system to intellectuals was irresistible, and Song Wan, who was born in the hometown of Confucius and Meng, and the family of the eunuchs, had no choice. Song Huan thought bitterly and finally embarked on the road to the world, which shows that the value of life recognized by Song Huan in her heart is still "economic and social".
(Original work, copyright belongs to the headline number "Notes of the Stone Lion's Jiao'ao".) The graphics and text materials are from Internet public resources)