Aquatic products, especially seafood, can provide people with delicious dishes and are also an important source of protein for the human body.
Although aquatic products are recognized as delicious, sashimi, drunken crab, pickled shrimp crawler, pickled crab, pickled shrimp... These familiar ways of eating seafood raw are a favorite of many food lovers.
However, if it is not consumed properly, it will cause some serious damage to the health of the body.
Raw pickled shrimp crawler (Pippi shrimp)
What is it that causes delicious aquatic products to cause damage to people's health? That is: bacteria, viruses, parasites, and unhealthy ways to eat them.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > first talk about bacteria:</h1>
The harmful bacteria in natural waters are mainly Vibrio, which are also very powerful pathogenic bacteria, which can make aquatic organisms infected and sick at the same time, and can also transmit to people under specific conditions and cause various diseases.
Common Vibrio generally include: Vibrio algae, Vibrio traumaticis, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, etc.
The bacteria are microscopically shaped in a curved rod with a flagella at the tail.
Vibrio
How do these bacteria infect people?
It is generally mainly through the consumption of aquatic products that have not been cooked at high temperatures or through wound infection.
When you eat a variety of aquatic products raw or steamed when the heat is not waiting to eat, such bacteria will pass through your mouth to your intestines and begin to "revel", they will be in your intestines while they are reveling, you will begin to experience abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, chills, diarrhea... and a range of symptoms.
Raw pickled crab
At this time, what you need to do is immediately go to the emergency department or infection department of the hospital and tell the doctor what you have eaten, when you have eaten, and how long the symptoms have occurred. Next, the doctor will examine you according to the description and develop a treatment plan. Usually, if it is not very serious, after one to three days of antibiotic treatment, your symptoms will ease and heal.
In addition, Vibrio can also be infected through wounds. There have been reports that someone at home cleaning up fish, shrimp and other aquatic products bought from the market accidentally by the fish fin or shrimp forehead sword pierced the hand, did not care at the time, did not properly treat the wound, but then the wound purulent infection and more and more serious, to the hospital after examination found that it is caused by Vibrio infection, and finally even caused sepsis and caused multi-organ failure and death.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > to talk about viruses:</h1>
When it comes to eating aquatic products, the most common viruses that can cause human disease are: norovirus (Norovirus), hepatitis A virus (HAV) and so on.
The common transmission routes of the above viruses are generally transmitted through the "fecal-oral route", which can be transmitted to each other through media such as water, food, and aerosols.
Norovirus can cause symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and fever.
If any common seafood causes the spread of norovirus, it may be oysters (commonly known as oysters, oysters), if it is the high incidence of norovirus, raw oysters or barbecue oysters may cause norovirus infection when they are not cooked.
Raw oysters (sea oysters, oysters)
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is also a virus that is mainly transmitted through fecal mouth, and the virus can be excreted by the infected person and then contaminated with water, aquatic products, and food. In the 1980s, there was a hepatitis A epidemic in Shanghai, China, and this large-scale epidemic of hepatitis A caused 300,000 people to be infected. Epidemiological investigations revealed that the virus was transmitted to humans by aquatic caterpillars and caused the epidemic.
Eat raw caterpillars
Hepatitis was caused by hair cockles in the 1980s
< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > finally talk about parasites:</h1>
Most of the parasites in the pathogens of foodborne diseases are visible to the naked eye, and in general, "seafood" is slightly safer than "river fresh", but this is not a reason why seafood can be eaten at will, and if you are unlucky, you will be infected with parasites and cause diseases.
Common parasites caused by eating aquatic products are generally wired insects, trematodes, and tapeworms should also be paid attention to.
Nematodes are commonly found in the isocus nematode, Guangzhou tube roundworm.
Xenocephalus
Ischaesis mainly parasitizes some marine fish, such as: striped fish, yellow croaker, sardines, pomfret and so on. Isaacs generally enter the digestive tract of the body by eating or eating some uncooked fish raw, causing symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, and the stomach acid in the human body does not kill the isalamic worm.
Xiaobian once saw a bunch of anchovies bought back (commonly known as "out of the water rotten", "sunny rotten") there are a large number of nematodes in the body of the squirming, and most of them have drilled out of the fish body, that scene has a dense phobia is really unforgettable...
Morphology of the xenocephalus in fish
Guangzhou tube roundworm mainly parasitizes some freshwater snails, freshwater shrimp and frogs. This parasite is very harmful to the human body, it can enter the human brain, causing severe headaches, vomiting and other symptoms; and even cause coma, paralysis and death.
Guangzhou tube round nematode
Route of transmission
Flukes are common in the chickadees (commonly known as liver flukes) and Weschen's cohodonates (commonly known as lung flukes).
Because it often parasitizes in the liver of the human body, it is called "liver fluke". It is mainly parasitic to some freshwater snails, shrimp and fish. Infecting humans can cause symptoms such as loss of appetite, bloating, abdominal pain, etc., which in turn can lead to serious diseases such as hepatomegaly and cirrhosis.
Testicular flukes (hepatic flukes)
Wesperus is known as "lung fluke" because its adult parasitizes the lungs of mammals such as humans, and it mainly parasitizes some freshwater snails, freshwater crabs, and cockroaches. After infecting humans, it will cause chest tightness, fatigue, weight loss, low-grade fever and other symptoms; severe patients will have chest pain, coughing up blood and other symptoms.
Wilson's cohotosis (lung flukes)
In addition to the above several parasites, there is another fish parasite that must be mentioned, that is, tapeworms. Sometimes the crucian carp you buy looks like it has a bulging belly and thinks that the stomach is full of roe, but when you open the abdominal cavity of the crucian carp, you will find that the abdominal cavity of the crucian carp with a big belly is full of "noodles". In fact, this "noodle" is tapeworm.
Fish tapeworm disease
In general, whether it is bacteria, viruses or parasites are afraid of heat, that is, before eating aquatic products, they must be fully cooked before eating, and they should pay attention to the separation of raw and cooked when cooking, only in this way can they effectively avoid various diseases caused by the above pathogens.
For the matter of raw aquatic products, Xiaobian is also ashamed, because Xiaobian himself is a senior foodie who likes to eat seafood raw, such as: pickled shrimp crawlers, pickled crabs, pickled shrimp, raw mixed Gaba shrimp... These dishes are all favorites of the editor. I have also suffered from acute enteritis many times because I eat these things raw, and every time I go to the hospital, I will be ridiculed by the emergency doctor. [Black Line]
In addition, the dipping sauces such as mustard, soy sauce, vinegar and liquor used in raw aquatic products have no effective killing effect on the above bacteria, viruses and parasites.
Therefore, Xiaobian still wants to advise everyone to understand and pay attention to some common sense about this aspect, and develop good habits and try not to eat raw aquatic products.
For reasons of time and length, I will talk so much about it today. Xiaobian is only shallow, especially some of the medical knowledge mentioned here will definitely have errors and omissions, here also ask the majority of medical workers to criticize and correct, thank you!
Resources:
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Song Xiaoyun,Cai Te,Li Rui. Health risk classification of vibrio parahaemolyticus contamination in different seafood products in Dalian[J].Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene,2018,30(05):473-477.
[3] Ming Hongxia,Fan Jingfeng,Wu Lijun,Yue Longtao,Gao Xueqin,Liang Yubo. Pollution distribution of typical human enteroviruses in major coastal shellfish in China[J].Acta Microbiology,2014,54(01):69-79.
Chen Wanguang,Wang Xiaojun. Epidemic and control of several human parasitic diseases related to aquatic animals[J].Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2007(04):1040-1041.