Zeng Zhaoli, the founder of the Chinese chemical discipline

Zeng Zhaohui, a native of Xiangxiang, Hunan, was the great-grandson of Zeng Guoying, the second brother of Zeng Guofan, who lived from 1899 to 1967, lived for sixty-seven years, a Chinese chemist, educator, and one of the founders and early leaders of the discipline of chemistry in China.

Zeng Zhao

In 1920, Zeng Zhaozhuan graduated from Tsinghua Xuetang (renamed Tsinghua University in 1928); in 1926, he received a doctorate in science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States; after that, he successively served as a professor at Central University, Peking University, Southwest Union University, Wuhan University, and Fu Jen University. He was the early backbone of the Chinese Science Society and one of the main founders of the Chinese Chemical Society.

At the end of 1945, the United States "Manhattan Project" successfully tested the atomic bomb, and General Wei Demai proposed to Yu Dawei to send people to study. Zeng Zhaowei and the core figures of the National Government, Yu Dawei and Chen Cheng, were both in-laws, so he recommended physicist Wu Dayu and mathematician Hua Luogeng to Yu Dawei, and after submitting it to Chiang Kai-shek for approval, the Ministry of Military Affairs decided that three scientists, Zeng, Wu, and Hua, each with two assistants, would go to study the research and development of the atomic bomb, Hua Luogeng selected Sun Benwang and Xu Xianxiu, Wu Dayu selected Li Zhengdao and Zhu Guangya, and Zeng Zhao chose Tang Aoqing and Wang Rui.

Zeng Zhaoli was elected as an academician of the first (mathematical science group) of the Academia Sinica in 1948. After 1949, Zeng Refused to go to Taiwan, and in 1951, he was appointed Vice Minister of Education and Director general of the Department of Higher Education. After 1953, he served as vice minister of higher education, vice chairman of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology, director of the Institute of Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and in 1955, he was elected as a member of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In 1957, during the "anti-rightist" campaign, Zeng Zhaozhao suffered injustice and was removed from his post. In April 1958, at the invitation of Li Dazhi, president of Wuhan University, and with the consent of the relevant departments, he went to wuhan university to teach in the department of chemistry alone.

On August 25, 1966, Zeng Zhao's wife, Yu Daqiu, a professor of Spanish at Peking University, committed suicide by taking poison after being beaten by the Red Guards. Zeng Zhaoli was also persecuted and died unjustly in Wuhan on December 8, 1967.

Yu Dawei is Yu Dawei's younger sister, and Chen Yinke is their cousin.

In 1981, the Ministry of Education held a memorial service at Babaoshan in Beijing to rehabilitate Zeng Zhao and restore his reputation, and Education Minister Jiang Nanxiang presided over the memorial service. In 1985, Wuhan University set up the "Memorial Zeng Zhaohua Chemistry Prize", which is reviewed once a year to reward college students and graduate students who have achieved excellent results in the school.

Zeng Zhaoli was one of the founders of the discipline of modern chemistry in China, made important contributions to the naming and unification of Chinese chemical terms, and in 1934, he created the undergraduate thesis system of Chinese universities in the Department of Chemistry of Peking University. Tang Aoqing, a student of Zeng Zhao, was a leading figure in China's theoretical chemistry after 1949 and was the director of the Natural Science Foundation of China.

Zeng Zhaozhuo's grandfather Zeng Jiliang and father Zeng Guangzuo both passed the examination. Zeng Jiliang stayed in his hometown and did not make a career, while Zeng Guangzuo went to Nanjing to serve as an alternate in Jiangsu.

The father Zeng Guangzuo and his mother Chen Jiying had thirteen children, seven of whom lived to adulthood, three sons were Zhaocheng, Zhao, and Shaojie (昭拯), and four daughters were Zhaosheng, Zhaoyi, Zhaoyi, and Zhaolin.

Zeng Zhaocheng: Changsha Yali Middle School was admitted to Tsinghua Xuetang, and later went to the Department of Economics of Harvard University in the United States to study. After returning from studying in the United States, he worked in Shanghai, after the Anti-Japanese War in Chongqing and the old tin industry, and went to Taiwan shortly after the surrender of Japan.

Zeng Shaojie: Left Hunan in 1930 to go to Nanjing, entered Shanghai Daxia University in 1932 to study business, after the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he served as the chief of the finance section of the Military and Political Department of the Nationalist Government, after 1946 he was the chief secretary of the Ministry of Communications of the National Government, in 1949 he went to Taiwan, in 1951 he worked at the Taipei Electric Power Company, and then retired as the secretary of the board of directors.

Zeng Zhaoyi: Entered the Central University in 1929, graduated in 1933, went to England in 1935 to study archaeology, returned to China in October 1938, became the first female scientist in field archaeology in China in 1939, and presided over the relocation of the Central Museum to Nanjing in 1945. In 1949, he refused to go to Taiwan, and in the spring of 1950, the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum was renamed the National Nanjing Museum, and Zeng Zhaoyi was appointed vice president. Because he was a descendant of Zeng Guofan, the reactionary leader who suppressed the Taiping Rebellion, in 1951, when cleaning up the class ranks, according to the requirements of the relevant departments, Zeng Zhaoyi actually copied li Xiucheng's confession and wrote tens of thousands of words of confessional "Autobiography" based on the "Confession of Li Xiucheng" written by Li Xiucheng and captured by the defeat of the soldiers. In December 1964, when the mountain rain was about to fill the building, Zeng Zhaoyi committed suicide by jumping from the north tower of Nanjing Linggu Temple due to depression.

Zeng Zhaoyi: Entered Yifang Girls' High School in 1925 and won the first place in the Nanjing High School Student Union Examination in 1933. In 1933, he was admitted to the Biology Department of the School of Science of Jinling University, and in 1937, he studied under Lin Qiaozhidu as a graduate student, and continued to practice medicine in Beiping after the Anti-Japanese War. After 1949, he served as the president of the Third Hospital of Beijing and the principal of the Beijing Municipal Health School, but was criticized by the Red Guards for his family origins, and was later imprisoned in the dormitory. Because the door was locked from the outside, Zeng Zhaoyi was starved to death in the dormitory.

Zeng Zhaoyang: Graduated from Nanjing Huiwen Girls' High School in 1936 and was admitted to Nanjing Jinling Women's University, in 1937 he accompanied Zeng Zhaoyi to Changsha Provisional University, and then came to Kunming with Changsha Provisional University, enrolled in the Department of Economics of Southwest Union University, and after graduation, he served in the U.S. Army Supply Office in Kunming. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Zeng Zhaojian settled in Shanghai and worked at the China Petroleum Import and Export Corporation under the Resources Committee of the National Government. In 1952, Zeng Zhaosong was transferred to Shanghai Hardware and Power Company. In 1998, Zeng Zhaoyi died of illness in Shanghai.

Zeng Zhaolin: Graduated from Changsha Yifang Girls' High School in the summer of 1938, was admitted to the History Department of Southwest United University in 1938, changed his student property under the suggestion of Fu Si Nian after enrolling, married Tan Yanmin's son Tan Jifu in 1945, and went to Taiwan in 1949. Tan Jifu's brother-in-law is Chen Cheng.