If the Tang poetry circle wants to evaluate a senior re-reading list, Wei Zhuang will definitely be able to enter the top ten, he has specifically fallen off the list several times, and the historical materials have not recorded it, it may be too many times. In the first year of Emperor Guangming of Tang Dynasty (880), Wei Zhuang, the grandson of Wei Yingwu THE fourth grandson of The Jingzhao Weidu, was 44 years old at the time and once again fell behind in chang'an. Wei Zhuang, who wanted to re-read it again, met the most famous Luo Bangsheng in the history of this year, a fierce character, the poet who wrote "The Heavenly Incense Array Breaks Chang'an, and the City Is Full of Golden Armor", named Huang Chao, who led the Peasant Rebel Army to attack Chang'an in December of this year, and took the throne of the Emperor in the Hanyuan Hall, with the national name "Daqi". However, the rebel army, which was originally for the people, said that it would not disturb the people, and after entering Chang'an, it slaughtered and plundered the residents of Chang'an, who were also the people, and the world was in chaos.
Some people say that since Wei Zhuang was born into a rich family, why did he have to work so hard to re-read, and in that era, he could not devote himself to his career by relying on the door shade and make a steady progress. That being said, "Chengnan Weidu, go to the heavens and feet five", in the early Tang Dynasty, the Tang Wei family and the Du family were juxtaposed, and they were all famous nobles. However, the chaos of An Shi overthrew the Li Tang Dynasty and also shattered Wei Zhuang's heroic road, and when the Wei family arrived at Wei Zhuang's generation, the family had long since declined. Wei Zhuang not only had a poor family, but also had his parents die early in his childhood, and in such an environment, Wei Zhuang walked through childhood, adolescence, and youth. The history books record that the young Wei Zhuang was intelligent and studious, and he was loose and informal. There were no elders in the Wei family's immediate family who were high officials, so Wei Zhuang could only rely on his own cold window to study hard and squeeze the one-wood bridge. After the rebel army entered Chang'an, Wei Zhuang fell into war, was separated from his younger sister, and could not live in the capital, so he ran to Luoyang, Henan Province, and opened a wandering mode, during which he basically read and wrote poetry while working among the low-level staff of the shogunates in various places. At that time, the Tang Dynasty was about to run out of qi, and the evil consequences of the division of the feudal towns had finally come, and the warlords with heavy troops were busy with themselves, ignoring the central court. In the chaotic world, hundreds of industries are depressed, and the shadow of precariousness hangs over everyone's head, so before the giant ship of Datang is about to sink, all people can do is to live in time to count the day, a scene of doomsday carnival. This phenomenon was all seen by Wei Zhuang's classmates, and he wrote in his memoirs many years later:
Zhu Lang feasted on the silver lantern, and the fairy swam back to the Biyue oblique.
People seem to know today's events, and urge the string pipe to send the years.
"Xiantong"
This poem writes about the extravagance and lascivious pleasures of the bureaucratic aristocracy in the "Xiantong" era, and the mortal world will decline, and it will first become the norm with luxury, and one day will be counted as a day. Wei Zhuang's parents died early, and his family's situation was cold. He has been a lonely and poor man since he was young, and he is sensitive to others. Although the Tang Dynasty is almost over, Wei Zhuang's life did not string and send Hua Nian, but insisted on reading a lot of books, strong in the chaotic world, to experience the era of great changes in mountains and rivers, family destruction, and displacement. The land of Shenzhou was full of flames, Wei Zhuang was also displaced, floating in all directions, and in his wandering career for many years, Wei Zhuang could write good poems everywhere he went, just like Du Fu, many things happened in his pen. Reading Wei Zhuang's poems is simply very different from his words, his words are plain and beautiful, writing about life, while his poems are recording the times and writing about life.
Thousands of households shine at sunset, and the old wind and smoke during the new century.
The palace officials tried to travel to three cities, and the dancers took a boat for nine days.
Hu rode north to enter the lord in the air, and the Han Emperor went west to ascend the immortals.
Now the father is weeping, and he has not seen Chengping for forty years.
"Luoyang Yin"
The Tang Dynasty no longer had the rule of Zhenguan, and Kaiyuan was prosperous.
In Weizhuang outside Luoyang City, he met a beautiful Chang'an woman, he saw that Wei Zhuang was also a fallen person in Tianya, so he began to tell about his experience of being trapped in Chang'an by Huang Chaojun for three years, and Wei Zhuang had the feeling of creating an epic poem that could be called his life's work- "Qin Woman Yin". How powerful this poem is, when it comes to long narrative poems, we can think of Du Fu's "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells", Bai Juyi's "Long Hate Song", "Pipa Line", these poems are very long, the longest "Long Hate Song" 840 words, many students say to recite the whole text, really have a long hate mood. And "Qin Women's Yin" is longer, more than 1600 words, and all the long stories in front of him are short stories. Of course, the value of a poem cannot be measured by numbers, and like Du Fu's "Three Officials" and "Three Distinctions", he is a documentary of the times and a history of poetry. Details not found in the official history books are clearly written in this poem.
In the spring of March, the flowers outside Luoyang are like snow.
The east, west, south, and north roads are crowded, and the green poplars quietly disappear into the dust.
On the side of the road, I suddenly saw a flower person, resting alone in the shade of the green poplar.
The phoenix side of the luan sideburns are oblique, and the red eyebrows are folded.
At the beginning, he explained the time, place, and character of Tang Xizongzhong and the third year of Yangchun March, and met this beautiful Chang'an woman, Qin Woman, outside Luoyang City, and he saw that Wei Zhuang was also a fallen person in Tianya, so he began to tell his experience of being trapped in Chang'an by Huang Chaojun for three years.
The blood of the family was boiling, and the cries of injustice were everywhere.
Maiko Kaehime secretly donated, and the babies and girls were abandoned.
There are new paintings of female eyebrows in the east, and the country is not known for price.
Chang Ge hugged the car and looked back at Xiang Boo with tears.
Spinning gold thread to learn to sew flags, only to carve saddles to teach horses.
Sometimes I see a good person right away, and I dare not look back at the empty tears;
There are Jurchen fairies in the west, and an inch of horizontal wave cut autumn water.
Makeup is only in the mirror in the spring, young do not know the outside world.
A husband jumps up the golden steps, leaning half a shoulder in shame.
The lead refused to go out of the Zhu Gate, and died under the red pink balsam knife.
There are women in the southern neighborhood who do not remember their surnames, and yesterday the good media was newly hired.
There is no smell on the glass steps, and there is a shadow between the emerald curtains.
Ignoring the sound of the inter-court blade, his head was scattered in Russia.
Looking up at the sky and hiding her face and crying, the female brother and the female brother entered the well together;
……
The prosperity of the past is buried, and the eyes are desolate and unprovoked.
The inner library is burned to splendid ash 57, and the heavenly street tramples the bones of the public secretary
The whole article is easy to understand, and after a thousand years, we still don't have too many barriers when we read it, and behind the bloodshed and complaints everywhere, we can feel the nature of this event. This is not war, this is massacre. The dead died tragically, and the living, such as maihime prostitutes and babies and children, were inconvenient to escape, and could only be abandoned, and their fate could be imagined. The beautiful girl in the eastern neighbor who fell into the city was snatched by the rebel army and brought back to the barracks, sewing the flag to learn to ride a horse to fight, and did not dare to say hello when she saw her husband on the road. The little girl in the neighbor's house to the west was very beautiful, and the rebels wanted to humiliate him, and he desperately resisted being hacked to death with a knife. The daughter of the neighbor in the south had just been betrothed, but she hid in the deep boudoir but was beheaded by the rebels who broke in, and his sisters did not want to be humiliated together and committed suicide by jumping into the well together. The former prosperous Chang'an had nothing left, the palace was full of splendid jewelry, all burned to ashes, and the corpses of noble secretaries were everywhere on Suzaku Street.
Later, Qin Woman talked about the encounter of an old man, who was a small landlord who had experienced the Huangchao rebellion and government officers and soldiers.
Since the Luoxiatun Division Brigade, day and night patrols into the village dock.
In the autumn of the box, the water pulls out green snakes, and the high wind on the flag blows white tigers.
If the entrance is like a whirlwind, the room is poured into the air.
The family wealth has been exhausted, and today it is a bitter year.
Since the government troops came to Luoyang, they began to loot day and night, they held the sword of the autumn water green snake, carrying the white tiger flag to the whirlwind, the family's savings were swept away, and now my family is broken, only an old bone is left.
It can be seen that the government army is not much better than the Huangchao rebellion army, or even more cruel. This was the case in ancient China every time there was a change of dynasty, and the Tang Dynasty was no exception. Rather than saying that the Yellow Nest Uprising was a fatal blow, it was better to say that he himself had rotted to the bone. The social contradictions that have been backlogged for many years will always erupt one day. Huang Chao, a salt dealer who had no prominent family, no support from a consortium, and no status in the literary world, was able to respond to everything, which was enough to explain the sharpness of social contradictions at that time, which was the value of "Qin Women's Yin". There are also people who believe that the value of "Qin Women's Yin" is beyond the Tang Dynasty, and should be placed in the entire history of Chinese poetry, with "Peacock Flying Southeast" and "Mulan Poem" in the same position, called Lefu Sanjie.
This poem hit the hearts of countless people in the chaotic world, and the name of "Qin Woman Yin Xiucai" did not go away. The national poet Wei Zhuang could only go into exile in the torrent of history. Wei Zhuang arrived in Luoyang not long ago, but who knows, the flames of war also burned to Luoyang. The two capitals fell, there were no relatives, nearly half a hundred years old Wei Zhuang struggled to find a way out, the Tang Emperor Xuanzong xue had fled to Sichuan, but Wei Zhuang thought of Jiangnan, for the Tang Dynasty literati doctors, Jiangnan will always be their dream. That was also the place where Wei Zhuang had traveled in his early years, there was no war in Jiangnan, and he was deeply impressed by the scenery.
The horns have been neglected, and the sword song Hugh hates to eat no fish. Cijia willow three and a half spring, linlu locust flowers in early July. The river wants to find the fisherman's father drunk, and when the sun is on the side, he gets the book of the deceased. Qingyun did not know Yang Shengmian, and the Son of Heaven asked Zi Fei why. - "Journey to the East"
In this way, Wei Zhuang's family came from Guanzhong to Yuezhong, wandering around Jinling, Runzhou, Wuzhou and other places, and wrote many popular poems along the way. In Nanjing, he wrote "Shangyuan County":
Thirty-six heroes of the Southern Dynasty, competing for the rise and fall of this.
Some countries have dreams, and dragons and tigers are also empty.
Remnants of the old house of the sad river order, sunset green mountains hanging Xie Gong.
What is the hegemonic map, Shi Lin has no master to sleep in the autumn wind.
Uehara is today's Nanjing City, which probably means that the heroes of the Southern Dynasty who made meritorious achievements here, whether they are dragons or tigers, are now floating clouds. Jiang Qi Xie An also left only a grave, the country and mountains were ownerless, and the autumn wind was cold.
When Wei Zhuang came to Jinling, stood on Taicheng, and saw that this once luxurious and magnificent Palace and Hedonistic Place of the Six Dynasties Emperors was now just a ruined and desolate relic, hidden in the rain and rain of the river, like in the green grass.
The river rains and the grass are in unison, and the six dynasties are like dream birds crying in the air.
The most ruthless is Taicheng Willow, still smoke cage ten mile causeway.
《Taicheng》
He passed through Yangzhou and came to the Twenty-Fourth Bridge, when the flowers were blooming, but now he can't see a few figures in the air, the green poplar trees by the bridge are destroyed by the wind and rain, and only the Grand Canal is still flowing quietly, with a lot of feelings, leaving a poem: "Crossing Yangzhou"
At that time, people did not know the soldiers, and everywhere the Qinglou sang at night and night.
Spring is eternal in the flower hair cave, and there is a lot of wind on the moon's clothes.
After the King of Huai left, there were no chicken dogs, and emperor Qiu returned to bury Qi Luo.
The twenty-four bridges are empty and lonely, and the green poplars destroy the old Guanhe River.
The buildings will fall to the Li Tang Dynasty, and those great cities are painted with the color of the end of Xiao Suo's ruin.
Originally in a foreign land as a stranger, but Jiangnan has become Wei Zhuang's second hometown, Jiangnan scenery is picturesque, the landscape is beautiful, let him seem to see a bright color of the turbulent years, this stay, is ten years. These ten years have become an important journey in Wei Zhuang's life, and have also changed his style of words. Wei Zhuang's five poems in his later years, "Bodhisattva Man", four capitals are reminiscent of his indulgent years of traveling in Jiangnan, these words all express a meaning, Jiangnan water, good, good wine, good girls, I like Jiangnan so much.
For example, his most famous "Bodhisattva Man" is written like this.
Everyone says that Jiangnan is good, tourists only meet Jiangnan old, spring water is blue in the sky, painting boats to listen to rain sleep.
The people on the edge of the village are like the moon, the wrists are frozen frost and snow, and the old Mo returns to his hometown, and he must break his intestines when he returns to his hometown.
Now I remember Jiangnan Le, when I was young and thin. Riding a horse leaning on the bridge, full of red sleeves.
Cuiping Jin bent, drunk into the flowers, this degree to see the flower branches, white head vows not to return.
These words all express a meaning, Jiangnan water, good, good wine, good girl, I like Gangnam so much. He did his best to write about the good of Jiangnan, the clear water of spring, the incense lamp of the red chamber, the red wine and green, the smoke and willow alleys, the better Jiangnan, the more it reflects the sadness that he has no return to his hometown and cannot return to his home, which is the homesickness of people who avoid chaos in his hometown. He did his best to write about the good of Jiangnan, the clear water of spring, the incense lamp of the red chamber, the red wine and green, the smoke and willow alleys, the better Jiangnan, the more it reflects the sadness that he has no return to his hometown and cannot return to his home, which is the homesickness of people who avoid chaos in his hometown.
That's the case in the home country, isn't it? No need to do it, no. During this period, Wei Zhuang has also been actively preparing for the exam, then falling on the list, and then preparing to take the exam and fall off the list again. It was not until 894 that Wei Zhuang finally entered high school at the age of 58. What can an old man who is nearly a year old man do? As soon as Wei Zhuang reported to the official's office, the officials arranged the corresponding work and were sent to Chengdu by the imperial court, and before leaving, he once again looked at the war-torn Chang'an Fu poem:
The walls are full of deep grass, and the wounds are even more sad when they are hurt.
Where the wheel horse trail is now, the Twelve Jade Buildings are nowhere to be found.
"Chang'an Old Lane"
The glory of Chang'an was no longer there, and even the Twelve Jade Towers were destroyed. Life is like this, there are hearts to plant flowers and flowers, and there is no heart to plant willows. This trip to Chengdu, which was not optimistic, became the best destination for Wei Zhuang.
In Chengdu, a nobleman who pretended to be destined was there to seek talent, and he was Wang Jian, the envoy of Xichuan Jiedu. Not long after arriving in office, Wei Zhuang was promoted to the position of chief secretary, which was equivalent to the first-in-command secretary giving advice, and the military finance was involved in everything, and Wei Zhuang's years of hard reading finally came in handy. At that time, the Huangchao rebel army had already quelled the chaos, and in the process of quelling the chaos, the warlords everywhere suddenly found that the original imperial court was such a weak chicken, and since the salt merchant with the surname Huang dared to call himself emperor, why couldn't I. In 904, Tang Zhaozong was killed by Zhu Wen, and three years later Zhu Wen forced the Tang Emperor to establish the Throne of Hou Liang for himself, and the bullish Tang Dynasty completed his life at the age of nearly 300, becoming the past of history, and the chaotic Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms began.
Among them, the founder of Great Shu was Wang Jianshi, who was called Former Shu, and Wei Zhuang naturally became the prime minister of the Shu Dynasty. This poet, who has been reduced to a bureaucrat all his life, can finally show his ambitions. According to ancient standards, a literati who after hard reading, entered the career path and finally entered the core of the imperial court and became the prime minister of a country, which was a perfect ending, and the highlight moment of his life could be frozen. But becoming the founding prime minister was not Wei Zhuang's biggest stroke. The wheel of history rolled forward, how many emperors will eventually disappear and return to dust, not to mention that the former Shu who hid in the southwest corner of the great chaos cannot be compared with the Tang Dynasty in the annals of history.
In 903, nearly 150 years had passed since Du Fu wrote about the destruction of the mountains and rivers in the country; it was only nearly dusk, and it had been more than 50 years since Li Shangyin's sunset was infinitely good. At this time, the dark night of Datang was about to end his glorious life.
This year, an old man on the banks of Huanhua Creek in Chengdu came to an old house, surrounded by ruins and walls, overgrown with weeds. The retinue told him that this was Du Fu's grass hall, and the old man sat quietly on the stone in front of the hall for a long time with tears in his eyes, and said leisurely: "The house can be simply repaired, I want to live here." ”
A person next to him took a step forward and said, "Brother, the imperial court has built a garden for our house, and specially invited Luoyang craftsmen." ”
This man was called the brother of the old man of Wei Cai.
Before he could finish speaking, the old man waved his hand and interrupted: "Needless to say, I have already made up my mind, and only Du Shiyi can bring me to the hall of poetry." “
"Brother, the name of your poetry collection."
"The old man pondered for a moment, since he was on the bank of Huanhua Creek, let's call it "Huanhua Collection.""
This old man was the secretary of the Nishikawa Festival at that time, named Wei Zhuang. Wei Zhuang wrote many poems in his lifetime, only a small part of the Huanhua Collection is recorded, and the rest has been lost, but these are enough to make him rank among the Tang poetry halls and be worshiped by posterity. In the impression of posterity, Wei Zhuang is mainly a wandering talent in the words of the flower, who makes the words in the flower are full of beauty and femininity, some talented women rush to sing, he writes so recognizable, and he is the second leader of the word between the flowers, so it is often regarded as his whole. Wei Zhuang is famous for the flower word school, and indeed it is also contaminated with the pink atmosphere between the flowers.
As we all know, in the late Tang Dynasty, words were equivalent to dizhan literature, at the bottom of the chain of contempt, even if the time came to the Song Dynasty, although the content and realm of Su Shixin's abandonment of the disease have been greatly broadened, those who write articles look down on writing poetry, write poetry, and look down on writing words, especially the words describing Qinlou Chuguan have been criticized. But Wei Zhuang's "Qin Women's Yin" is beyond all the poems in Wei Zhuang's "Huanhua Collection", even if it is placed in Du Fu's "Three Officials" and in Bai Juyi's "Long Hate Song" and "Pipa Line", "Qin Women's Yin" is not inferior, so looking back at Wei Zhuang, is he still only the second leader of the Huajian Sect who rides on a horse and leans on the bridge?
Later scholars who studied Tang poetry generally divided Tang poetry into 4 stages, each with its own advantages, the early Tang Dynasty was undoubtedly a teenager, chaos began to open, such as the sun rising, naïve and rambunctious. At this time, although the poetry could not be perfect, it revealed a youthful heroism, swept away the indulgence of the Southern Dynasty, and made a good start for Tang poetry. Li Bai, Du Fu, Wang Wei, and Wang Changling of the Sheng Tang Dynasty were like young people in their 20s, like the sun in the sky, with high morale, and pushed poetry to the peak with pure words. Bai Hanmeng of the Middle Tang Dynasty, like a middle-aged person, the cruelty of reality and the hardships of life make them no longer naïve and replace them, moving forward with maturity and pragmatism, like a calm father. The late Tang Dynasty was a psychedelic era, with a mixture of old and beautiful styles. Three hundred years of datang, if the three hundred years of data is a poetry chanting meeting, then the late Tang dynasty is the end of this concert, there is no longer a major play on the stage, only small dishes and wine are left at the banquet, people are packing up things and preparing to leave, just at this moment Wei Zhuang came on the stage with his "Qin Women's Yin". Luo Binwang's ju'an siwei in "Emperor Jing", Lu Zhaolin's arrogant aristocrats in "Chang'an Guyi", Du Fu's reality of "Zhumen wine smells of meat, and the road has frozen bones", Bai Juyi's poor charcoal seller and Li Shangyin's pitiful night half empty seat, do not ask Cang Sheng to ask the irony of the ghost god, Wei Zhuang's "Qin Women's Yin" seems to be responding one by one, Wei Zhuang is not only the door opener of song ci, the leader of the Huajian sect, but also the last person of Tang poetry in the past three hundred years, and the guardian of the cultural peak of Tang poetry.
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