In addition to the poet Saint Du Fu and the poet Li Bai, a few decades later, the Tang Dynasty produced another poet, Liu Yuxi. It is said that his ancestors were the royal bloodline of the Han Dynasty, and after Liu Sheng, the King of Jing of Zhongshan, he was also erudite and hardworking since childhood, and was a veritable "child of other people's families".
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > spring wind triumphant horseshoe disease, juvenile Champion YaoJingcheng</h1>
Liu Yuxi (772-842), born in Xingyang, Zhengzhou, Henan, was a Tang Dynasty writer and philosopher, who moved his family south to Suzhou from an early age to escape the war of the Anshi Rebellion, Liu Yuxi grew up, traveled to study at the age of nineteen, entered the priesthood at the age of twenty-one, and two years later ascended to the official department to take the shike, lianzhong sanyuan.
Although it is said that the Tang Dynasty imperial examination was held once a year, only twenty or thirty people were admitted each time, and it was rare to reach three digits, which was really the elite of the elite, so there was a saying of "thirty old Ming Classics and fifty young scholars".
There was a poet from Mengjiao in the Tang Dynasty, who was a zhongjinshi at the age of forty-six, and was very proud of himself, giving poetry:
"The filth of the past is not enough to boast, and the debauchery of the present is endless.
The spring breeze is proud of the horseshoe disease, and the Chang'an flowers are seen in one day. ”
And Bai Juyi, who was twenty-eight years old and the first, could not help but write a poem to boast: "At the inscription under the Ci'en Pagoda, the youngest of the seventeen people." ”
Liu Yuxi, who was already titled on the gold list at the age of twenty-one, cannot be said to be a teenager who became famous. When he is proud, life is full of scenery, every flower can move the capital, he has been the brightest young star in Chang'an City since the day of zhongju!
Liu Yuxi once introduced himself in a spirited manner at the Golden Ruan Hall: "I am after Liu Sheng, the King of Zhongshan Jing. "At the age of twenty-four, he was awarded the title of Prince of The Imperial Household, and later gave up the Beijing official, followed Jiedu to Du You (Du Mu's grandfather) to Huainan, and served as the secretary for nearly ten years, and was highly valued by Du You! Later, he returned to the capital and was transferred to the post of the head of Weinan County in Jingzhao Province, and soon moved to supervise Yushi, and became colleagues with Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan.
Although the rank is very low, he has the right to supervise the prime minister and the local officials at all levels. Liu Yuxi advocated the implementation of a whistleblowing system, and he once proposed the establishment of a box of reeds, a supervisory measure similar to the later whistleblower box. It is necessary to supervise faint officials, reward those who expose and report violations of law and discipline, crack down on the evil forces in society, and severely punish those who deceive and deceive.
In 832, Liu Yuxi went to Suzhou to take up the post of Assassin, where a major flood occurred the previous year, bringing serious disasters to the people, and Liu Yuxi, who had just arrived, immediately inspected the disaster, asked for the people's lives, and provided relief to the victims. Suzhou was a relatively rich place during the Middle and Tang Dynasties, and when disasters occurred, the imperial court thought that it had always been very rich and did not need disaster relief and could save itself. However, this is not the case, most of the people in Suzhou have no grain in their homes, and the people are not happy.
Liu Yuxi kept reporting and tried to obtain an edict from the imperial court to give rice for disaster relief. 120,000 stone meters were allocated from the Changping Yicang of Honshu, distributed to each house, and announced the reduction of military service. In order to express their admiration for the officials, the people of Suzhou, together with Wei Yingwu and Bai Juyi, who had done the history of Suzhou' assassination, called him the Three Masters of Suzhou, together with Wei Yingwu and Bai Juyi, who had done the history of Suzhou, and established the Three Sages Hall for them.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the bleakness of the Bashan Chushui, abandoned for twenty-three years</h1>
After the Anshi Rebellion, the situation of the division of feudal towns did not ease, but intensified under the general trend of the Tang Dynasty towards a downward trend, becoming one of the main sources of social instability. Wars often broke out between the towns and the towns, and the people lived in the depths of the waters. In addition to the feudal division of the tang dynasty, eunuchs interfered in politics very seriously.
In the later years of Emperor Dezong of Tang, the crown prince Li Shu wanted to reform dynastic politics, and in addition to the central Wang Shuwen, the most influential of the middle and lower-level bureaucrats were Liu Yuxi, Liu Zongyuan and other eight inspectors of imperial history. In the twenty-first year of Zhenyuan, the crown prince Li Shu succeeded to the throne, historically known as Tang Shunzong. The famous Yongzhen Revolution began.
The Book of the Yuan Envoys of Rao Prefecture is a famous passage by Liu Yuxi, who believed that winning the trust of the people was the first priority, doing things impartially, and punishing adultery and evil as a supplement. "The reward of thick hair and adultery, the curse of deception." Liu Liu and others took many progressive measures, but because the reform violated the interests of the feudal towns, eunuchs, and big bureaucrats, under the joint counterattack of conservative forces, in less than 100 days, the reform quickly failed. Emperor Shunzong of Tang was forced to give way to the crown prince Li Chun, Wang Shuwen died, Wang Pi fell ill and died after being demoted, and Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan, including eight others, were first demoted to the title of Yuanzhou Assassin, and then demoted to Sima of Yuanzhou. This is the famous "Eight Sima Incident" in history (a total of eight people who were also demoted to Sima of Yuanzhou, known in history as "Eight Simas").
From then on, Liu Yuxi began a 23-year degraded political career. Soon after, Liu Yuxi was assigned to Langzhou as Sima (司馬), which was in present-day Changde, Hunan, on the banks of Dongting Lake, near Jingzhou, where Liu Yuxi stayed for ten years.
It was also in Changde that Liu Yuxi wrote the famous "Autumn Words"
Autumn words two songs · one
Liu Yuxi
Since ancient times, autumn has been sad and lonely, and I have said that autumn is better than spring dynasty.
A crane in the clear sky lined up on the clouds, and it led the poetry to the blue sky.
In the ninth year of Yuan He, Liu Yuxi, who had been degraded for ten years, was ordered to return to Beijing. After returning to Beijing, when visiting Xuandu to see the peach blossoms, Liu Yuxi waved a large pen and wrote a poem satirizing the magnates.
Drama gifts to see the flowers of the gentlemen
Purple and red dust came to the face, and no one looked at the flowers back.
The peach trees in the Xuandu Temple were all planted after Liu Lang went there.
This poem is ostensibly to describe the scene of people going to Xuandu to watch peach blossoms, but in fact, Liu Yuxi borrowed the thousand trees of peach blossoms to refer to the upstarts who have become more and more proud in politics due to opportunism in the past ten years, and the people who watch the flowers are those who tend to be inflammatory, climb the ladder and marry the nobles. For the sake of wealth and prosperity, they ran to the power gate, just like in the purple and red dust, rushing to see the peach blossoms.
The last sentence, "All Liu Lang planted after he went", mocked these seemingly great upstarts, but they were only promoted after they were expelled.
Liu Yuxi's bitter sarcasm once again offended the magnates, so he was relegated to a more distant Prefecture to serve as an assassin, but fortunately with the help of Pei Du and Liu Zongyuan, he changed it to Lianzhou (present-day Lianzhou, Guangdong). After that, Liu Yuxi spent nearly five years in Lianzhou.
Lianzhou was a relatively desolate and culturally backward place during the Tang Dynasty, Liu Yuxi pioneered a generation of customs, re-taught and re-educated in Lianzhou, and drove the local culture into a prosperous period, which had a great impact on Lianzhou and even the entire Lingnan region.
In the Tang Dynasty, there were 48 jinshi in Guangdong, twelve in Lianzhou, and in the Northern Song Dynasty, there were 127 jinshi in Guangdong and forty-three in Lianzhou, so Lianzhou was called "Lianzhou Kedijiatong Province".
"The source is clean, the shape is straight", the famous philosopher of the Northern Song Dynasty who wrote "The Saying of Love Lotus", recognized by the academic community as the founder of the science of science, Zhou Dunyi remembered Liu Yuxi when he traveled to Lianzhou, and he was very emotional, and on the stone cliff on the side of the water in Quanzhou, he wrote down the four big characters of "The Source of Lianquan Spring".
In the second year of the Bao calendar (826), Liu Yuxi was transferred back to Luoyang and served in the eastern capital Shangshu Province. From the first time he was demoted to this time, a total of twenty-three years passed. This time back in Beijing, Liu Yuxi traveled to Xuandu Temple again, and made a big stroke.
Then visit the Xuandu Temple
Half of the 100 acres of garden is moss, and the peach blossoms are pure and cauliflower.
Where the Tao Daoist returned, Liu Lang came again.
Half of the large courtyard of Xuanduguan is covered with moss, and the original blooming peach blossoms have disappeared, only cauliflowers are blooming. Where are the Taoist monks who worked hard to cultivate peaches now? I was relegated from Chang'an last time for reading inscription poems - Liu Yuxi is back!
Liu Yuxi was once again demoted to Lianzhou for writing a poem about the powerful, and it took fourteen years before he was recalled to Chang'an to take up his post. In these fourteen years, the emperor was changed from Emperor Xianzong, Muzong, Jingzong to Emperor Wenzong, and changed four, and the vicissitudes of the sea and the changes in personnel have long been completely different.
And Liu Yuxi, who has experienced 23 years of eunuch ups and downs, is still the uninhibited young man of that year, who did not change his original intention at all, and the twenty-three years of demeaning life did not smooth out his sharpness, "the former Liu Lang is here again" Liu Yuxi, with his open-mindedness, he finally stood on the side of victory with his tenacity.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > ancient wind autumn sad and lonely, I say autumn is better than spring dynasty</h1>
If Li Bai is crazy, then Liu Yuxi is Hao. Liu Yuxi wrote poems, the style of poetry is heroic and majestic. Liu Yong said, "Amorous parting from ancient wounds, more kan, snubbed the Qingqiu Festival." Today, Meng Haoran sighed, "Because of the thin twilight, xing is the autumn hair." "Du Fu ascended to a high level and was sentimental" Wanli Was often a guest in the autumn of sorrow, and he was sick for more than a hundred years. ”
Instead, the poet Liu Yuxi wrote on the way to being degraded: "Since ancient times, autumn has been sad and lonely, and I have said that autumn is better than spring dynasty." A crane in the clear sky lined up on the clouds, and it led the poetry to the blue sky. ”
His friend Bai Juyi was old and sentimental, and wrote a poem "Yong Lao Gift Dream" to him, in which he said, "With Junju Laoye, ask yourself how old he is." Liu Yuxi wrote "Reward Lotte Yong Old See" to give back comfort: "Mo Dao Sang Yu evening, for Xia Shang full of heaven." ”
When Liu Yuxi was degraded, he encountered Hezhou Zhixian deliberately making things difficult and falling into the well. Many times lowered Liu Yuxi's accommodation standards, and finally directly arranged for him to live in a hut in the south of the city facing the river, Liu Yuxi not only had no complaints, but was very happy, and also wrote two couplets and pasted them on the door: "Facing the white sails of the great river view, I am arguing with Zhou Si." ”
Hezhou Zhixian was very angry when he found out, and ordered the servants to move Liu Yuxi's residence from the south gate of the county town to the north gate of the county town, reducing the area from the original three to one and a half rooms. Liu Yuxi still did not care, the new residence is located on the desheng River, near the weeping willow Yiyi, the environment can also be hearted, touching the scenery, and wrote two sentences on the door: "Weeping willow Qingjiang River waterside, people in the heart of Liyang in Beijing." ”
The Zhixian saw that he was still leisurely and self-interested, and did not care, and once again sent someone to transfer him to the middle of the county town, only to give him a hut. In half a year, Zhixian forced Liu Yuxi to move his home three times, the area was smaller than once, and finally it was just a bucket room. But Liu Yuxi still didn't care, but happily wrote down the famous "Buried Room Ming" with a wave of joy. It is written that "the mountain is not high, but the immortal is named." The water is not deep, there are dragons and spirits. Si is the Burrow, but Wu Dexin. ”
Nowadays, we call Liu Yuxi a poet, not only because of his flamboyant style of poetry, but also because of his own upright and uninhibited personality.
After 23 years of degrading career, Liu Yuxi was already 55 years old, and later he spent his old age in Luoyang, during which time he sang and sang with Bai Juyi and called him the best partner. In the second year of Huichang (842), Liu Yuxi died of illness in Luoyang at the age of seventy-one, posthumously awarded the title of Hubu Shangshu, buried in Xingyang, Henan (present-day Xingyang, Zhengzhou), the Si people have gone, but the heart of the naked child revealed in his poems has infected our descendants!
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