Chen Jiageng's "Memoirs of Southern Overseas Chinese" recalls the founding of Xiamen University and the initiative to run the site of Xiamen University Yanwuchang School, the operation of Xiamen University fake Jimei Opening Xiamen University President Change Jimei University support Xiamen University to dedicate to the government

Editor's Note:

Living in Quanzhou for many years, he was basically surrounded by Xiamen people. Drinking tea, reading, and chatting, it is difficult not to be affected by the subtle influence of Xiamen University friends. Coupled with the fact that my cousin, who is the most able to read in my family, graduated from Xiamen University, coupled with the research on humanities, history, religion, archaeology, folklore and other aspects of quanzhou's modern localities, it is inseparable from the outstanding dedication of Gu Jiegang, Zhang Liangxiu, Chen Wanli in the 1920s to zhuang Weijie, Wu Wenliang, Fu Zongwen, Wang Mingming and other Xiamen people, and I am close to xiamen nature. In the early qing dynasty and the republic of Fujian, I read the "Memoirs of Southern Overseas Chinese" by mr. Jia Geng, the owner of the school, which contained an introduction to the original intention and site selection of Xiamen University, and the difficulty of creating the school, and also introduced the failure of his three fundraising attempts, which made people sigh, and at the same time felt its greatness and perseverance. I wish the Strong South Xiamen University Students Day Happy, Youth Is Not Old!

<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="01" > initiated Xiamen University</h1>

In the summer of the eighth year of the Republic of China, Yu Huizi, neighboring provinces such as Guangdong Jiangsu Public and Private University, there are many medical schools, more than 10 million people in Fujian Province, there is no public or private university, not only is there a shortage of specialized talents, but also secondary teachers have nowhere to go. He decided to advocate the establishment of Xiamen University, pledged one million yuan for the start-up fee, for two years of expenses, and re-pledged three million yuan for the regular cost, and spent 12 years, 250,000 yuan per year. It is also planned to raise a huge amount of money from the rich overseas Chinese in Nanyang after two years of operation, when it has a slight scale. There are many people who have stolen tens of millions of yuan and millions of yuan of fujian overseas Chinese in Nanyang, and there are many people who are even more difficult to count, and it is not difficult to raise millions of yuan in funds, or raise three hundred thousand yuan a year. The school site issue is the first to be founded; the school site should be the most suitable in Xiamen, and Xiamen is especially the best foothills near the Yanwuchang, facing the sea with the mountains behind it, sitting north to south, with beautiful scenery and vast grounds. Except for the martial arts field, the public and private graves are as dense as fish scales. Although Xiamen lives in the south of Fujian Province, it has a close relationship with Nanyang, and the children of Overseas Chinese in Nanyang live near Xiamen, in this regard, Xiamen is in a moderate position, and there will be many students in the future, and the university address must be vast and ready for future expansion. However, the government may not be willing to give the address of the whole venue, so it intends to request the government to allocate a quarter of the martial arts field as the school site, but it is held in Xiamen to announce the matter.

<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="02" > the operation of the martial arts school site</h1>

The government allowed one-fourth of the martial arts field to be the site of the university, and it was entrusted to the American technicians in Shanghai to draw a map of the school building. Its schema is made of glyphs every three times, saying that it must be so beautiful that it is strongly advocated. However, Yu did not approve of the pin-shaped school building, because it occupied the position of a martial arts field in the future, which hindered the use of future sports meetings or anniversary conferences, so the glyph in the picture was changed to a zigzag, and the middle seat leaned on the Wulao Mountain, and the south side of the Taiwu Peak. The foundation stone was laid on may 9, the National Shame Remembrance Day. There are many stones in the left and right near and behind the dock tombs, the large one is more than ten feet high, the circumference is tens of feet, Yu is the need for masonry to open the school building base and build the wall, which is not only strong but also beautiful. And the owner of the tomb came to negotiate with many people, saying that the stone feng shui was natural, each with its own name, and the depth of the superstition was indescribable. Yu Ze gently explained that when he had to, he suspended the work to go according to his wishes, and then started construction immediately after he left, because there were many stones, and most of them had been destroyed in two or three days, although they could not negotiate again. A few months later, it was planned to build other school buildings, and it had to be relocated to the dock tomb, which was the site of the public and private tombs after the martial arts field, marked with a monument, and relocated within a limited period of time, and published in Xiamen in the daily newspapers, if not automatically relocated, the university would be relocated on behalf of the university, and the allowance for the relocation fee was stipulated. And buy a section of open space on the mountainside a few miles away for burial status. From this order, according to the limit of self-migration or relocation, there will be no further negotiations, or other accidents. The boundary area of the martial arts field is about 200 acres, the lower layer is sandy, the rainy season is not wet, flat and solid, and the grass is like felt. It is north of the mountains, south of the Yanghai, west of Xiagang Xujia Village, east of the slopes and flat land. In the past, it was a military parade ground, which was used as a racecourse for trade with foreigners in Xiamen, and later the parade and running horses were abolished, and it was opened by foreigners as a "Goref" stadium, and the construction of Xiamen University was reclaimed. The cause of education is endless, with the masses of the overseas Chinese in Fujian and Nanyang, the future development is immeasurable, and the centennial tree people are basically great, not to mention, so the demarcation of the school boundary must be long-term. The west is close to the countryside and the south is bordered by the sea, and there is no possibility of expansion in these two aspects. Although the north of the mountain if you open up the car road, build a teacher and student residence, can be made many levels from the bottom up, refreshing and beautiful, as for the eastward aspect, although there are many Fuling undulating, but the terrain is not high, the comprehensive can be built, quite suitable. Jixi from Xujia Village east to HuliShan Fort, north from Wulao Mountain, south to the seashore, statistical area of about 2,000 acres, most of them are barren public mountainous areas, all of which should be classified into the boundaries of Xiamen University. However, the South Putuo Buddhist Temple may still remain, or double as a campus, to the temple in front of the field, Xiamen University needs to use, then the valuation of the purchase. Xiamen Port is wide and deep, and tens of thousands of tons of giant ships are convenient in and out, ranking first among China's coastal provinces. In the future, when the railways of Fujian Province are accessible and the mineral, agricultural, and industrial industries will flourish, Xiamen will develop into a more prosperous commercial port and the only export port in Fujian and Gansu Provinces. Another example is the shipyard repair yard and the large and small docks, which are no less numerous than the coastal provinces. Fan Chuan takes the Southeast Europe and the United States and the northeast of the country, those who enter and leave Xiamen should pass in front of the Xiamen Gate, as for the beauty of the scenery of the mountains and seas, there is no need to add much. In the future, if or private persons purchase from any party the mountainous land within the boundaries of the school mentioned in the preceding section and build private dwellings, they shall be prohibited or confiscated, so as not to imitate each other, because of private misconduct.

<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="03" opened > Xiamen Fake Jimei</h1>

Wang Jingwei met Yu in Singapore, and in the nine years of the Republic of China, Zhangzhou visited Chen Jiongming, and Yu invited him to visit Jimei. After returning home, he wrote a letter to the willing president of Xiamen University, and Yu replied that his wife also came to live in Gulangyu Island. However, soon after the success of the Guangdong army's return to Guangdong, he wrote a letter of resignation, saying that he would return to Guangdong to take care of politics. The Preparatory Committee of the Xiamen University Organized, citing Cai Yuanpei, Guo Bingwen, Yu Rizhang, Hu Dunfu, Wang Jingwei, Huang Yanpei, Ye Caizhen, Deng Cuiying, and Huang Menggui as the preparatory members, held a meeting in Shanghai and cited Deng Cuiying as the president of Xiamen University. Deng Jun immediately sent Zheng Zhenwen and He Gongdang to Jimei to prepare everything. At that time, the xiamen xiamen university school building was not built, and it was planned to open the fake Jimei school building. On April 6, 1000 of the Republic of China, Xiamen University was officially opened in Jimei. Dr. Dewey traveled to Shanghai in the United States, so he invited him to attend the school, and President Deng also arrived in the near future. There are 120 students, and min students account for about half. President Wen Deng was about to return to the north after the opening, he was originally a counselor of the Ministry of Education in Beijing, when the Preparatory Committee was publicly hired, Guan Yue declared that he must resign from the Ministry of Education, but he did not resign, so he wanted to return urgently, and the president of Xiamen University was actually named by him, and the school affairs were handed over to Zheng He Erjun. Although such nominal principals often exist elsewhere, of course, Xiamen University cannot. Zheng He Erjun knew Yu's will, and urged him to stay and not return, so Deng Jun received the anonymous letter from the students at the end of the month, scolding him for being talentless and wanted to be a nominal principal, if he did not automatically dismiss, the next student jointly attacked, the first person listed was me, Deng Jun then wrote a letter to resign, and Yu did not stay.

<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="04" > the president of Xiamen University</h1>

After Deng Jun left, Yu Jidian asked Lin Jun Wenqing to serve as the principal, and Lin Jun arrived before the start of the class in the autumn. After the class starts, the students are summoned to take the English test, ask you where you come from, you can't answer, and you can't answer the name of the question, especially the students in Fujian Province. At that time, the secondary school was a four-year system, so the new students of the university had to study for two years of preparatory courses, and the new students of Xiamen University of course had two years of preparatory courses, and then entered the main department. According to the four years of graduation of middle school students, English has a foundation, Zi Nai is still shallow English is not yet known, its degree can be known, although after reading two years of preparatory department, how can pass the promotion to the main subject. Careful examination of the reasons, the public and private middle schools in Fujian Province, mostly do not take English professors seriously, although Xiamen Provincial Thirteenth Middle School is the same. The reason is mostly economic relations, the monthly salary of English teachers is eighty yuan, and it will be paid at the end of the month, which is not like Chinese teachers' salaries are small and can be owed. Xiamen University has written this letter to all public and private secondary schools in Fujian Province to improve them quickly and avoid misleading young people.

<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="05" > set of support from The United States</h1>

Yu's business began in the fifteenth year of the People's Republic of China, and from the end of the twenty-second year, in the past eight years, such as the decline of rivers and rivers, not only has there been no profit for a long time, but also a loss and expenditure of more than one million yuan year by year. There are four losses, the price reduction of the goods and the housing land, the xiamen university and Jimei school fees, and the bank interest, each of which is 300,000 to 400,000 yuan per year, totaling more than 10 million yuan in eight years. The prosperity and decline of malaya's cause is related to the two products of glue and tin, and especially gum is important. The price of gum per quintal in the fourteenth year of the people was reduced to the nineteenth year of the Republic of China year by year, and the price was more than ten yuan per carton, and then reduced to seven or eight yuan. When the city was in full swing, the Malayan government issued 170 million yuan of paper money in circulation, which fell to more than 50 million yuan after 20 years. The inhabitants are more depleted and miserable than before. Foreign banks were told to stop the school fee due to the huge amount of money owed by the surplus, so the autumn of the 20th year of the Republic of China was changed to a limited company, the bank also participated, and cited many people as directors, stipulating that the school fee should be 5,000 yuan per month. (Shen Guo coin more than 7,000 yuan) Ranxia University still needs 25,000 yuan month by month, jimei more than 10,000 yuan, a total of more than 30,000 yuan. In addition to the subsidy of the state government of 5,000 yuan, other income is 2,000 yuan, and the limited company is 7,000 yuan, a total of 14,000 yuan, which is not enough for 22,000 yuan. By the end of the 22nd year of the Republic of China, the company closed, and the total of two years spent more than 600,000 yuan, which was donated by the Family of ZengJiangshui in Malacca with 150,000 yuan. Mr. Ye Yudui donated 50,000 yuan. Xiamen Xiamen University sold more than 100,000 yuan in business, and Jitong (in Xiamen specialized in the finance of the two schools) borrowed more than 200,000 yuan from people, which is the actual situation of Yu vigorously maintaining the two schools.

<h1 class="pgc-h-decimal" data-index="06" > xiamen to the government</h1>

Since the close of the limited company, Yu Ji wrote to ask Xiamen University President Lin Wenqing to come to the yang to raise donations, and a few months later, as a result, Singapore raised 100,000 yuan of national currency, Malaya 150,000 yuan, but after years of collection, Malaya only more than 100,000 yuan, Yu made a resignation, a total of more than 200,000 yuan of national currency was collected. The funds of Xiamen University have been reduced to 20,000 yuan per month, 6,000 yuan in Jimei, and in addition to the subsidies and other income of the state government, they have not yet covered 20,000 yuan every month. The debt must be repaid one after another, fortunately, the ash residual dividend (the former rubber factory renter ordered the dividend) was quite good in the first half of the year, so the chat can be supported. The Republic of China bought 400 acres of gum garden in 25 years, costing more than 160,000 yuan, planning to be used as a Xiamen University fund, with a monthly income of about 2,000 yuan, which was donated 50,000 yuan to Li Guangqian Chen Liu envoys, Chen Tingqian 10,000 yuan, and Li Juncheng 5,000 yuan, which was not enough for Yu to make up for it. In the spring of the 26th year of the Republic of China, although Yu Nianxia Ji No. 2 School could maintain the status quo, there was no hope of progress, and the purchase of various items was also lacking, which was inevitable to mistake the youth. If the government is willing to accept Xiamen University and Yu has to concentrate on maintaining Jimei, it will be beneficial to both, because this is a last resort, but the Chairman of Shushu Min Province and the Minister of Education of Nanjing have voluntarily and unconditionally changed Xiamen University into a national state. After that, there was no news, President Shi Kong Xiangxi would go to Europe to crown Emperor He Ying, moored in Singapore, and the rest of the ship was sent off, and the Executive Yuan had passed the important matter of Yu Yunxia. After receiving a letter from the Minister of Education, and appointing Saben Dongjun to receive it for the principal during the summer vacation, Yu immediately wrote to Principal Lin to prepare for the surrender, and after the surrender, the July 7 War had already occurred. Xiamen University was established in ten years, and the company closed for twelve years, and until the handover of a total of sixteen years, the remaining expenditure was in line with the amount of four million yuan pledged at that time, which happened to be so. Every thought is to do their best to promote learning, to fulfill the duty of the people, not to exhaust the economy, to do good, to tire the government, sorry nothing. Recall the old saying cloud, "The one who starts well does not have to end well", but also talks about self-understanding.

Excerpt from Memoirs of Nanqiao, 2014.8, Shanghai Sanlian Bookstore

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