The State of Lu (1043 BC – 249 BC), a pre-Qin princely state with the surname Ji (姬) and a marquis, was the first monarch of the state to be The Son of Zhou Gongdan, the younger brother of King Wu of Zhou. At first, the territory of the State of Lu was small, "the territory was not more than a hundred miles", and later it successively annexed the surrounding small states of Ji, Xiang, Xugu, and Genmu, and seized part of the land of Cao, Yi, Ju, Song and other states, becoming a big country of "Fang Bai Li Five". When the state of Lu was at its strongest, its territory stretched from Mount Taishan in the north, Xuhuai in the south, the Yellow Sea in the east, and Dingtao in Shandong in the west, and most of its core areas were located in the territory of present-day Jining, Shandong, including ningyang in southern Tai'an, Shan County in the east of Heze, Yuncheng, And Linyi Andi.
Therefore, in the Spring and Autumn Period, although the strength of the State of Lu could not be compared with the powerful countries such as the State of Qi, the State of Qin, the State of Chu, and the State of Jin, the State of Lu was also a medium-sized princely state. Especially in the eastern part of the territory of the Zhou Dynasty, the State of Lu, as a princely state surnamed Ji, had a decisive position. On this basis, because of the long-term foreign conquest of the State of Lu, naturally also gave birth to many excellent military generals, such as in the Battle of the Long Spoon, Cao Jie led the Lu Army to defeat the Qi Army. In addition to Cao Jie, lu guo also had three more courageous military generals, who were called "three tiger generals of luguo" by posterity. It is worth noting that one of these three people is also the father of Confucius.
Di Yumi
General Lu Guo, brave in battle. In early April of the tenth year of the reign of Duke Xiang of Lu (563 BC), the combined forces of the princely states of Jin, Lu, Song, Wei, Cao, Ju, Qi, Teng, Xue, Qi, and Wu attacked the state of Weiyang. According to the "Chronicle of Yi County", "The state of Weiyang, fifty miles south of the county, is the country of the ancient surname." Zhu Rong's grandson, Lu Zhong's fourth son, was sealed in Weiyang and later destroyed by the Jin dynasty. In this battle, although the combined forces formed by the princely states attacked fiercely, they were slow to break through the cities and pools of the Weiyang state. In this regard, Qin Yan's father pushed the grain and grass cart to the front line, and the soldiers of the Weiyang State went out of the city to rob the grain, and Qin Wei's father led Di Yumi and other soldiers to attack the city. The defenders of the State of Weiyang fell into the jack-blank gate and wanted to annihilate the Lu army that had entered the city. Di Yumi used a wheel armor as a shield, holding a shield in his left hand and a halberd in his right hand, and went to the challenge alone, praised as "powerful as a tiger". As a result, for Di Yumi, because of his bravery in battle, he became a member of the Lu state.
Father Qin
Father Qin Yan, a vassal of the Meng Sun clan. Together with the famous generals of the State of Lu, Di Yumi and Shu Liang, they were known as the "Three Tiger Generals of the State of Lu". Zi Qin Pizi is one of the Seventy-Two Sages of Confucius. In the campaigns of the Jin and Lu states against the state of Weiyang, Qin's father also made military achievements. It is worth noting that in the Warring States period, Qin Kai, a descendant of Qin Yan's father, also became a famous general of the Yan State. Qin Kai, born of the Qin clan of the State of Lu, was a general of the State of Yan during the Warring States period. In his early years, he was a hostage in Donghu, and was very trusted by Donghu and was familiar with folk customs and customs. After King Ji of Yanzhao ascended the throne, Qin Kai fled back to the State of Yan and was highly valued by King Yanzhao. In 300 BC, Qin Kai led the Yan army to break through Donghu, forcing Donghu to retreat more than a thousand miles north and take more than 2,000 miles of land for the Yan state. On this basis, the State of Yan was able to establish five counties of Shanggu, Yuyang, Youbeiping, Liaoxi, and Liaodong, and built the Great Wall of Yan. That is, during the reign of King Yan Zhao, Qin Kai, like Le Yi, became an important military general in the Yan kingdom towards prosperity. And Qin Kai, as well as his grandson Qin Wuyang, were both descendants of Lu Guohu's father Qin Yan.
Shu LiangYi
Shu Liang (622 BC – 549 BC), courtesy name Kong, courtesy name Shu Liang, was born in the Spring and Autumn Period of the Song Dynasty (present-day Shangqiu City, Henan Province, six kilometers north of the city of Xiayi County, Wanggonglou Village), in order to escape the war in the Song Dynasty, so he came to Lu Guochang Pingyi (present-day Qufu City, Shandong Province). In the campaign against the state of Weiyang, the soldiers of the state of Weiyang opened the city gates, and the soldiers of the princes took the opportunity to attack. The people of Weiyang's inner city suddenly lowered the gate, and Shu Liangyi supported the gate with both hands and released the soldiers who had already invaded the city, buying time for the withdrawal of the combined forces of the princes. Regarding Shu Liang's bravery, Meng Xianzi praised: "This is what the Book of Poetry calls a person who is 'as powerful as a tiger'. ”
In the autumn of 556 BC, the Qi monarch Qi Linggong attacked the border of the State of Lu, and Gao Hou besieged Zang Wuzhong in the defensive area, and Shu Liang, Zang Yu and Zang Jia led 300 soldiers to attack the Qi army at night, sending Zang Wuzhong to Lusong and returning to the defensive area. In this regard, the State of Qi soon withdrew. Therefore, for Shu Liang, he was still neutral in the contest with the State of Qi. It was precisely because of the three tiger generals Di Yumi, Shu Liang qi, and Qin Yanfu that the state of Lu became a princely state that could not be ignored during the Spring and Autumn Period.
In addition to being a tiger general in the state of Lu, Shu Liang was also the father of Confucius. The specific birthday of Confucius is disputed, with the Ram Biography as The Day of Gengzi in the 21st month of the 21st year of Lu Xianggong (September 28, 551 BC); the Biography of Gu Liang as the Day of Gengzi in October of the same year; and the Chronicle of History as the following year, not the day of the month. Confucius's 51st Grandson Of Confucius, Kong Yuancuo's Records of kong Yuancuo, sets Confucius' birthday on August 27, 22 ,551 BC (September 28, 551 BCE), but there is still controversy in later generations. In the twenty-fourth year of The Duke of Luxiang (549 BC), confucius was three years old when his uncle Liang Qi died of illness.
After Shu Liang's death, Confucius's birth mother Yan Zheng was expelled by Shu Liang's wife Shi Shi, so she took Confucius's brother Meng Pi and Confucius to Qufu Queli to live a life of poverty. Eventually, Confucius became an ancient thinker, educator, and founder of the Confucian school. In the late Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius pioneered the practice of private lectures and advocated benevolence, righteousness, and wisdom. Confucius had three thousand disciples, of whom seventy-two were sages. After being forced to leave the country of Lu. Confucius led some of his disciples to travel around the world for thirteen years, and after returning to the Country of Lu in his later years, Confucius revised the Six Classics (Poems, Books, Rites, Music, Yi, Spring and Autumn). After Confucius's death, his disciples and re-disciples recorded the words, deeds, and thoughts of Confucius and his disciples, and compiled them into the Analects. The book is enshrined as a Confucian classic.