Bid farewell to the field army and come to the organs of the Grand Military Region
In July 1978, I was transferred from the 26th Army of Laiyang County (now Laiyang City) to the deputy director of the Political Department of the Logistics Department of the Jinan Military Region. In 1980, he was appointed deputy political commissar of the Logistics Department of the Jinan Military Region, and left in 1985.
Zhang Zhi, deputy political commissar of the Jinan Military Region in the front row, accompanied by Wang Ping, deputy director of the Logistics Department of the Military Region (second from the right), and Liu Naiyan, deputy political commissar of the Logistics Department (third from the right), inspected the Military Medical School of the Jinan Military Region
83. Obey the organization's arrangements to work in the Logistics Department of the Military Region
In 1978, I received an order from the Jinan Military Region to work in the Logistics Department of the Military Region. After all, I fought and worked in the 26th Army for 38 years. From the beginning of my career as a soldier, I have been in the 26th Army, first in the 230th Regiment of the 77th Division, from 1953 to 1965 I left the 77th Division as the political commissar of the Tank Regiment of the 78th Division and the 98th Regiment of the 33rd Division, and then returned to the 77th Division in November 1965, successively serving as the deputy political commissar and political commissar of the 77th Division, and then working in the Political Department of the Army. I have deep feelings for the 26th Army, I have deep feelings, and I have endless words in my heart, which is the starting point of my becoming a soldier and the blue of the growth of the battle. I poured all my efforts and energies into this unit. Now, suddenly asking me to be transferred away from the 26th Army, I am really reluctant. There have been several times in the past when I was almost transferred out of the 26th Army, but fate allowed me to stay in the old unit. In 1954, I led the tank regiment of the 78th Division of the 26th Army to the 181st Division of the 60th Army of the Nanjing Military Region, and almost stayed in the 181st Division. In 1965, I studied at the Political College of the People's Liberation Army in Beijing, and when I graduated, the school wanted me to stay in school and work in the Organization Department of the Political Department of the College, but I did not agree, and the school respected my opinions and returned to my original unit after graduation. After graduating from the Political Academy of the People's Liberation Army, the military region arranged for me to go to the Huimin Military Subdistrict as the director of the political department, and Wei Boting, then deputy political commissar of the 26th Army, learned of this and consulted with the military region to keep me in the 26th Army.
This time, I was unwilling to let me leave the 26th Army, so I picked up the phone, looked for Xu Hongyun, director of the Political Department of the Jinan Military Region, and expressed to him the idea that I did not want to leave the 26th Army. Director Xu and I are old acquaintances, during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression we were both in the Shandong Column, and later in the 26th Army. After listening to me, Director Xu advised me to come to the Logistics Department of the Jinan Military Region, which was arranged by the Party Committee of the Military Region. Listening to Director Xu's words, my heart gradually sank, as a soldier, obey orders and listen to commands, and work wherever you go.
84. Continue to complete the implementation of the "policy" work tasks
On the eve of bidding farewell to the 26th Army and rushing to Jinan, Chen Fusheng, commander of the 26th Army, and Xu Wei, political commissar, considered that the implementation of the "Cultural Revolution" policy in the army was not over, so they asked the military region to let me complete this work and then report to the military region. More than 2 months later, I completed this work and came to the Logistics Department of Jinan Military Region at the end of 1978 to report to work.
85. The leading group of the Logistics Department of the Jinan Military Region
I used to be fighting in the army, and now I am in the logistics department of the military region, although they are all units, but they are two different fields and different characteristics of the post. To tell the truth, I am not very familiar with the logistics department, the units under my command, and the operations; if I want to do a good job in logistical work, I must first familiarize myself with the history, current situation, nature, characteristics, and laws of the logistics organs and logistics units, as well as the requirements of the party committee of the military region for logistics work, and I must also be familiar with the members of the logistics leading body.
From 1979 to 1985, the leading body of the Logistics Department of the Jinan Military Region was adjusted three times, and its members changed greatly, and the ministers were: Guan Kaitian, Zhou Shuiduo, Jin Zhaoxi, and Shen Hongyi. The political commissars were: Li Jie, Liu Ruxian, Zhang Zhi, and Jin Guoqiang. The vice ministers were: Lai Zhongsheng, Tang Luquan, Du Yonglong, Zong Guozhi, Zhu Chao, Ji Qingyun, Wang Ping, and Wang Yili. The deputy political commissars were: Sun Hengli, Zhang Zonghua, Liu Naiyan, and Wang Chengshan. In the leading group of the Logistics Department of the Military Region, I have successively worked with Comrades Zhou Shuiduo, Governor Jin Zhaoxi, Political Commissar Li Jie, Political Commissar Liu Ruxian, and Political Commissar Zhang Zhi, Vice Minister Lai Zhongsheng, Vice Minister Tang Luquan, Vice Minister Du Yonglong, Vice Minister Zhu Chao, Vice Minister Ji Qingyun, Vice Minister Wang Ping, Deputy Political Commissar Sun Huanli, and Deputy Political Commissar Zhang Zonghua. Most of the members of the logistics team had "old qualifications," and Kaitian, Zhou Shuiduo, Lai Zhongsheng, and Zhang Zonghua participated in the revolution during the Red Army period; Zhang Zhi, Tang Luquan, Du Yonglong, and Zhang Zonghua all worked in the 26th Army, and they and I were "old acquaintances." During the logistics work, I worked happily with them and left unforgettable memories.
86. Logistics in the war years
Logistics is a completely new field for me, and to do a good job in logistics, we must understand its past, present and future.
Over the past few years, I have gradually become familiar with and understood the development history and current situation of the Logistics Department of the Military Region.
Let's start with the logistics of the war years
The logistics organs and logistics units of our Jinan Military Region originated from the logistics organs of Shandong's armed forces before the founding of the People's Republic of China.
With the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in July 1937, anti-Japanese armed forces in various parts of Shandong were established and developed one after another. In order to expand and develop the anti-Japanese guerrilla war in Shandong, the 115th Division and one 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army were ordered to advance into Shandong in September and October 1938 respectively, opening up and expanding the base area of the Jilu Border Region, and the logistical work was also strengthened. In December 1938, the Central Committee decided to establish the "Shandong Column of the Eighth Route Army", set up the Supply Department and the Ministry of Health, and began to establish the rear, successively establishing some small arsenals, quilt factories, hospitals, etc., logistics supply and health service work has a certain foundation.
Before 1940, the troops mainly used the method of collecting donations and self-financing to solve the problem of military supplies. At that time, the Shandong base areas were extremely financially and economically difficult, there was insufficient grain, and some troops often filled their hunger with wild vegetables. The supply of clothing is also difficult, and some troops even wear single clothes to fight and train in the cold winter. Ammunition and medicines are in short supply, some troops have only a few bullets per person, and the wounded and sick often do not have medicines to treat them.
From 1940 to 1944, I fought successively in the 2nd Battalion and 5th Company of the Mengshan Independent Detachment of the Shandong Column and the Armed Workers' Brigade in Linfei District.
In winter, there are no cotton pants, only single pants, and it is common to not be able to eat. The bullets I was given were often only three or five rounds. I was hospitalized with injuries, basic medicines such as anti-inflammatories, narcotic drugs, and so on. However, our troops have carried forward the spirit of arduous struggle, created many methods, overcome all kinds of difficulties, and survived the stage of hardship and suffering in the early stage of the War of Resistance Against Japan.
In August 1942, the Shandong Column and other local troops were reorganized into the Shandong Military Region, unifying the supply and health system, and initially formulating some necessary supply standard systems and corresponding regulations. In the autumn of 1944, the Shandong Military Region held a military work conference and determined the basic guiding ideology and principles of logistics work. It was proposed that supply work must serve the war, and the principle of supply work is to first wounded and sick after ordinary personnel, front and rear, first troops and then organs, first soldiers and then cadres. In the same year, the Shandong Military Region also held a medical work conference and issued instructions on health work, requiring medical units at all levels to implement the principle of "prevention first, medical treatment first, first aid first, and surgery later" and strengthen field rescue and rehabilitation.
In January 1947, the Shandong Army's Factory, Hospital, and Military Station were reorganized and expanded. In May and June of the same year, the rear mobilization departments (divisions) were established for units at and above the regimental level, and stretcher companies were formed to strengthen support for the front.
From March to May 1948, the Former Committee of the East China Field Army held a Puyang conference, proposing that logistics and supply "must consider the burden of the people and the issue of clothing and eating for the troops, take care of the masses everywhere, love the masses, and at the same time ensure supply and improve the lives of the troops." ”
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, the Shandong troops mainly adopted the following channels and measures to implement logistical support. The first is to take it from oneself, rely on oneself, and develop production. The second is to take it from the people and closely rely on the support of governments at all levels and the masses of the people. The third is to take from the enemy and feed the war with war. I have the deepest understanding of the third article, in the war years, the weapons and ammunition of our troops, even the supplies, were taken from the enemy. In March 1947, I was appointed as the instructor of the mortar company of the 68th Regiment of the 23rd Division of the 8th Column of the East China Military Region, and my superiors ordered me and the company commander to form a mortar company. The company commander and I each brought a correspondent, and the backbone cadres transferred from various units came to report one after another. The vast majority of the gunners were liberators in the Lunan Campaign and the Laiwu Campaign; the brother troops transferred 2 artillery squads (only people, no guns), the livestock were transferred from various battalions, there were 9 mortars, 2 machine guns, our company artillery weapons, all from the captured enemy's booty, there were more than 170 people in the whole company, the company was assembled, more than half of them wore gray uniforms, and the soldiers who were liberated from the Kuomintang army did not change their uniforms, and only issued the cloth plates of the Eighth Route Army and nailed them to their chests to show the difference.
87. Logistics of the military region after the founding of the People's Republic of China
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the organizational system and various constructions of logistics in the Jinan Military Region have gradually developed and expanded.
The predecessor of the Jinan Military Region was the Shandong Military Region. The Shandong Military Region was established in Qingzhou in March 1949 when the organs of the East China Military Region marched into Jiangnan. In April of the same year, the Supply Department of the Shandong Military Region was established, and the Finance and Grain Section, the Military Reality Section, the Direct Supply Section, the Transport Section, and the Audit Office were set up. In May, the East China Forward Health Department was transferred to Shandong and changed to the Ministry of Health of the Shandong Military Region.
In February 1951, the Supply Department, the Ministry of Health and the Ordnance Department of the Shandong Military Region were merged into the Logistics Department of the Shandong Military Region, which was subordinated to the Secretariat, the Finance Department, the Health Department, the Ordnance Department, the Quartermaster Department, the Transportation Department, the Political Department of the Production Department, the Ministry Management Department, the Horse Administration Section, the Barracks Management Section, and the Direct Supply Section. At this time, the Logistics Department of the Shandong Military Region had a total of 2,741 personnel, of which 528 were in the organs of the Logistics Department (including detachments directly under the organs), 7 warehouses, 5 hospitals, 4 transit stations, epidemic prevention teams, horse convoys, and repair centers, totaling 2,213 people.
In June 1954, in order to strengthen the leadership of financial work, the financial department of the Logistics Department of the Military Region was reorganized under the structure of the Military Region and was directly under the leadership of the head of the Military Region.
In May 1955, in accordance with the decision of the State Council and the Ministry of National Defense, the Jinan Military Region under the former East China Military Region was transferred to the direct leadership of the Ministry of National Defense and renamed the Jinan Military Region, and the Logistics Department of the Shandong Military Region was renamed the Logistics Department of the Jinan Military Region. In October of the same year, the logistics organs of the military region were organized into a headquarters, a political department, a cadre department, an inspection office, a quartermaster department, a health department, a car and tractor management office, an oil department, a barracks management office, and a veterinary department. The establishment of the organ is 297 people, 7 subordinate warehouses, 4 repair and inspection centers, 4 training institutions, automobile regiments, transfer stations and other 21 units a total of 2427 people.
In September 1962, in accordance with the spirit of the Instruction of the Central Military Commission to "streamline organs and enrich companies", the Logistics Department of the Military Region abolished 5 divisions, 30 sections, and operational departments and renamed them departments. According to the new establishment, the headquarters, the political department, the finance department, the ordnance department, the quartermaster department, the agricultural and sideline production department, the ministry of health, the transportation department, the oil department, the barracks department, the military and horse department, and the directly subordinate supply department are established.
In October 1969, in accordance with the "Plan for Streamlining the Organs of the Great Military Region" issued by the Central Military Commission, the logistics organs of the Military Region were greatly adjusted, and the former Oil Departments of the Finance Department, the Quartermaster Department, the Materials Department, and the Transportation Department were merged into the Supply Department; the Equipment Section, the Vehicle and Ship Management Section of the Transportation Department, and the Ordnance Department of the Former Military Affairs Department of the Military Region Headquarters were merged into the Equipment Department; and the Military Communications Department and the Logistics Department of the Military Region Headquarters were merged into the Military Transport Department; The Ministry of Military And Horse Production was merged into the Ministry of Health, and the Department of Military And Horse Production was merged into the Production Management Department. After the reorganization, the organs are: the headquarters, the political department, the supply department, the ministry of health, the equipment department, the military transportation department, the production management department, the barracks department, and the directly subordinate supply department.
By 1983, the Logistics Department of the Military Region and its subordinate (detachment) units had undergone a road of gradual development, and had gradually developed from a relatively simple logistics support department from a small to a large one to a theater rear support system that initially possessed a complete range of categories, was of a professional and technical nature, and had the ability to organize rear command and comprehensive support.
Over the past 30 -odd years, the organs of the Logistics Department of the Military Region have undergone eleven major reorganizations. Generally speaking, these reorganizations were adapted to the needs of army building at that time and were necessary. However, due to frequent reorganization, some departments have been dismantled, withdrawn, rebuilt, merged, and re-integrated, which has also had some negative impact on maintaining the continuity of logistics work, on the operational construction of logistics organs, and on the building of the contingent of cadres.
88. Logistics support system and supply methods
When the Supply Department of the Shandong Military Region was established in April 1949, its task was to be responsible for the material preparation and supply of the Jiaodong, Bohai, and Luzhongnan Military Regions and their divisions and regiments.
In February 1951, after the establishment of the Logistics Department of the Shandong Military Region, its task was not only to be responsible for the supply of materials for the troops in Shandong, but also to be responsible for the technical support of health, veterinary medicine, oil, ordnance, vehicles and so on. The supply method is directly supplied from the Logistics Department of the Military District to the division (independent regiment). After the promulgation of the new supply standards in 1953, in order to do a good job in the physical supply of troops, the Department of Commerce of the Shandong Provincial Government, the Supply and Marketing Cooperative, and the Logistics Department of the Shandong Military Region jointly formulated the "Method for Implementing The Method of Raising, Purchasing, and Distributing Supplies," stipulating that regiments as units (individual scattered battalions and companies) should uniformly purchase daily necessities, sideline foods, and coal from nearby companies or cooperatives.
In May 1955, after the establishment of the Rear Dynamics Department of the Jinan Military Region, the scope of supply included Shandong Province and Xuhai District of Jiangsu Province. Its task is to provide material, sanitary, veterinary and technical support to the troops belonging to the region. The supply method is still direct supply to the division of the Logistics Department of the Military Region. According to the instructions of the General Staff Department and the General Logistics Department, since January 1964, the logistics department of the military region has uniformly raised and supplied the general materials of the naval and air force units stationed in the Jinan Theater, and the general materials of the navy and air force troops stationed on the islands have been supplied by the fortress district and the garrison division. In February 1961, the Logistics Engineering Headquarters of the Jinan Military Region was established, and in September of the same year, it was reorganized into the 10th Logistics Division. In July 1962, the Zaozhuang Logistics Engineering Management Office was established, and in October of the same year, it was reorganized into the 11th Division of the Rear Movement. In January 1965, Yidu Military Station was established, and in July of the same year, it was changed to the 12th Logistics Division, and later changed to Zibo Military Station and 9 Division. The main task of the three divisions is to be responsible for the construction and management of the rear bases of the military region. At the same time, it is also responsible for the combat readiness logistics support of the military region's duty units. In 1965, the divisions were expanded. Since July 1, 1966, in line with the principle of "focusing on wartime, taking care of peacetime, combining peacetime and wartime, and facilitating the supply of troops", the supply of troops has been implemented, and the whole region has been divided into four supply areas of Laiyang, Xuecheng, Boshan, and Jinan. The general supplies of the Navy, Air Force and the Ministry of Public Security are still supplied by the Logistics Department of the Military Region.
Since January 1976, in line with the principle of "unified planning, hierarchical management, and nearby supply", the supply units of the sub-divisions have been changed from the logistics department of the military region to the field army (district), the special forces division, and the organs and schools at and above the division level of the military region, and the units below the military level are supplied according to the establishment system. In order to facilitate the troops and reduce the backward transportation of materials, the Logistics Department of the Military Region implements the supply method of "planning to the army (district) and physical goods to the division" for all direct supply units.
When it comes to the role of the division, I understand it. During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, I entered the KOREAN War with the 26th Army of the 9th Corps of the Volunteer Army and deeply felt the key role of logistics in winning victory. In the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the US military's air force mainly attacked our logistics. The meals, clothing, and treatment of the wounded and sick of more than 100,000 of our 9 Corps have become a big problem; in the battle to encircle and annihilate the 1st Marine Division of the United States, because of the lack of logistical supplies, the non-combat attrition was quite large, and the combat effectiveness of the troops was greatly reduced, and the expected purpose was not achieved. Our 26th Army took over the 20th Army's mission, and I personally saw the 20th Army coming down from the front line, many soldiers were hungry and cold, and their physical strength was exhausted to the limit. In the Battle of Chosin Lake, our division chased the enemy of the US 1st Marine Division to the south, and I led more than 800 wounded and sick people to solve problems such as eating and seeing a doctor by relying on the branch.
Judging from the practical situation, the implementation of zoning and supply has brought into full play the role of the logistics branch, and it is desirable in terms of linking campaign and tactical logistics support, combining peacetime and wartime and wartime support, and providing timely supply in the vicinity of the area. Its disadvantage is that it has not given full play to the functions and roles of logistics at the military level, and there is a problem of disconnection between the command system and the supply guarantee system. After the military region organized the supply to the various armies (districts) and the subordinates were implemented according to the organizational system, the problem of disconnection between the command relationship and the supply system was solved, but the logistics branch did not supply troops in peacetime, and in wartime it had to undertake the task of supporting the division of the region, and the problem of the detachment's work being disjointed with peacetime and wartime was also created, and the role of the sub-division could not be brought into full play in peacetime.
wp Lao Ma is based on the oral accounts and related materials of his father Liu Naiyan
March 21, 2021