Northern large-scale loach rice field breeding technology, master the following key points, to achieve a win-win situation for rice loach
Large-scaled loach is a very popular fish in the market, its meat is tender, rich in nutrition, but also has therapeutic and nourishing value, very popular with consumers. Large-scaled loach is also the fastest species of indigenous loach in the north, rice field breeding has the characteristics of less investment and high returns, which can achieve a double harvest of rice loach, which is a good way for farmers to get rich.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >, rice field selection and field engineering</h1>
1. Rice field selection
Choose fields with sufficient water sources, convenient drainage and irrigation, strong water retention capacity, and no flooding when rain falls. The area of a single field should not be too large, generally 3 to 15 acres.
2. Field engineering
The rice field mounds for raising loach should be heightened, reinforced, and compacted. The field should be 50 to 60 cm above the water surface of the rice field, and a circle of polyethylene mesh cloth (20 to 25 mesh) should be buried on the inner side of the field as an anti-escape wall, the wall height is 40 to 50 cm, the depth of the soil is 15 to 20 cm, and fixed with a bamboo pole. The inlet and drainage outlets should be located diagonally diagonally in the rice field to prevent dead angles when injecting water, and there should be a closed eye to stop fishing nets. Generally, before soaking the field, dig a fish ditch and fish slip, and after the field is raked, it is also necessary to clean up the fish ditch and fish slip once. Dig a circular fish ditch in the shape of a "mouth" in the field, the fish ditch is 0 to 50 cm from the field, the width of the ditch is 50 to 100 cm, and the depth is 40 to 50 cm; the fish slip is generally located at the water injection port to the fish ditch, with an area of 3 to 5 m2. The area of fish slip and fish ditch generally accounts for 5% to 10% of the rice field area, which is convenient for summer high temperatures, pesticides and fertilizers and rice drying as a habitat for large scaled loach, and it is easy to concentrate on fishing. In addition, the excavated fish slip and fish ditch can not affect the mechanical operation, mainly mechanical planting and mechanical harvesting after rice maturity, to leave a convenient way for rice transplanters and harvesters to enter and exit.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > two, rice planting</h1>
According to the accumulated temperate zone, the japonica rice varieties with lodging resistance and excellent rice quality are selected, and it is not recommended to plant across regions. The rice planting time in Heilongjiang Province is generally from late May to early June, and the transplanting method can be machine-inserted and hand-inserted, with wide and narrow rows (large ridges and double rows) as well, with a wide row spacing of 40 cm and a narrow row spacing of 20 cm. In addition, pay attention to fish ditches and fish slip edges when planting seedlings.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > three, loach stocking</h1>
Before the loach species are stocked, sufficient basal fertilizer should be applied in fish ditches and fish slips. According to the area of fish ditch and fish slip, the amount of fertilization is calculated, and the fermented organic fertilizer is applied 0.4~0.5kg/m² to cultivate bait organisms. After that, it is also necessary to appropriately topdress according to the specific situation, and the amount of topdressing is generally 0.15kg/m². No chemical fertilizer applied. In terms of stocking time, it should be "early planting, early stocking", generally 10 days after planting. Generally stocked loach species of 3 to 5 cm are 5 to 20 kg/mu. Loach species can be derived from artificially bred or wild loach species, and artificially bred loach species have a relatively good breeding effect. Free-range loach species should be neatly sized, physically robust, disease-free and injurious, and should not be stocked with loach species that have been temporarily raised at high density for too long.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > four, feed</h1>
When the natural bait is insufficient, animal feeds such as fishmeal, animal liver, crushed animal scraps and plant feeds such as soybean meal, corn flour, wheat bran, rice bran, vegetables, etc., can also be fed artificially combined granular feed. The feed can be kneaded into balls with water and fed. Loach species are generally not stocked in the first week of stocking. After a week, feed every 3 to 4 days. After a month, when the large-scaled loach is fed normally, it is fed twice a day, feeding 30% from 9:00 to 10:00 in the morning, 70% to 70% at 15:00 to 16:00 in the afternoon, and 3% to 8% daily feeding rate. The amount of feed for each feeding should be eaten within 2 hours, and the amount of feeding should be reduced after 2 hours. The water temperature drops below 15 °C and the feeding is stopped. The initial feeding method is based on the sprinkling method, that is, the feed is evenly spread on the surface of the field, and then the feeding field is gradually reduced, and finally the feed is put into a fixed fish ditch to facilitate the concentrated feeding and fishing of the large-scaled loach.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > five, daily management</h1>
It is necessary to insist on patrolling the fields every morning and evening to check the activities of the escape prevention facilities and the large scaled loach. When the rain is heavy, special attention should be paid to prevent the large scaled loach from escaping from the field. The water level should be adjusted in a timely manner according to the needs of rice or large scaled loach, from planting to tillering, the water should be appropriately shallow, so as to promote the rooting and tillering of rice, and the water level should be appropriately deepened during the jointing period of rice. The water depth is maintained at 5 to 8 cm in the early stage. The middle stage is the pregnant ear stage of rice, which requires a lot of water, and the water level is maintained at 15 to 18 cm. In the later stage, the rice ear filling matured, and the water level was maintained at 10 to 12 cm.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >6</h1>
In heilongjiang, Jilin and other provinces in alpine areas, fishing generally begins in late August when the rice fields are released. After fishing too late, after entering September, as the water temperature drops, the large-scaled loach will burrow into the mud and it is difficult to catch. The survival rate of the large-scaled loach that is not caught in the rice field is very low in the second year after wintering. The following two methods can be used: (1) Cage net fishing: In the evening, the cage is set in a fishing ditch, in the fish slip, and the next morning. Note that combined with the inlet and drainage flushing stimulation, after the water on the surface of the field is drained, the large scaled loach will collect into the fish ditch. (2) Whisker cage fishing: put a few grains of feed in the whisker cage, place it in the fish ditch and fish slip, and check the large scaled sub-loach in the whisker cage after a period of time, and take it out.