Among the many regimes during the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms periods, one regime was established by the Hu people, but it was continued by the Han people for decades, which was the Northern Yan regime established by the Goguryeo gao yun. After Gao Yun was killed, the Han Chinese Feng Bao took the throne as the second monarch of Northern Yan, and created a stable situation in the northeast for more than twenty years through the consolidation of the imperial program, the elimination of officials, and the development of Nongsang.
Of course, although Feng Bao was born into the Han clan, at that time, the Hu people were suffering for a long time, and they had already become humble Han people. However, regardless of Feng Bao's Han origin or his humble experience, just after he became the monarch of Northern Yan, he created a stable situation in the northeast region that was incompatible with the chaotic world at that time, which can be worthy of the recognition of his merits by future generations.
Fu Li Gao Yun established the Northern Yan
The Northern Yan regime was actually born out of the Later Yan regime of Murong Xianbei, Gao Yun was born in the Goguryeo clan, and when Former Yan Murong Hao defeated Goguryeo, he migrated Gao Yun's clan to Former Yan, so Gao Yun became a subject of Murong Bao, and after the establishment of Later Yan, Gao Yun became Murong Bao's adopted son, so he was also named Murong Yun.
After the Yongjia Rebellion, his grandfather Feng He fled to Shangdang for refuge, and when his father Feng An arrived, he was appreciated by Murong Yong of Western Yan and served as a general in Western Yan. After the fall of Western Yan, Feng Bao fled to Helong, settled in Changgu, and continued to serve Murong's Later Yan court.
After Murong Bao of Later Yan ascended the throne, unable to defeat the rising Tuoba Wei, the capital Chengshan was captured by Northern Wei, and Later Yan retreated back to Murong Bu's old land of Longcheng. After Murong Bao was killed by Lan Khan, his eldest son Murong Sheng killed Lan Khan and took the throne. Soon after, Murong Sheng was killed again, and Murong Chui's youngest son Murong Xi took the throne.
After Murong Xi ascended the throne, he favored Empress Dowager Yu and Murong Xunying, and Later Yan's situation deteriorated. Feng Bao, who was out of later Yan, and his brother Feng Sufu offended Murong Xi, and Murong Xi had the intention of executing Feng Bao's brothers, so Feng Bao fled with his brother to the mountains.
Murong Xi favored Erzhu and the Great Expedition, and the people were miserable, so Feng Bao consulted with many of his brothers to get rid of Murong Xi together. Therefore, Feng Bao and his two younger brothers secretly sneaked back to Longcheng by car and killed Murong Xi. Murong Yun and Feng Bao had always been good friends, so Feng Bao supported Murong Yun as emperor, and Murong Yun changed back to his original name Gao Yun.
The first monarch of the Northern Yan regime was Gao Yun, who was born in Goguryeo and was indeed a Hu monarch. The Northern Yan regime was born out of Murong Yan and was also a complete Hu regime. However, the Han Feng Bao was indispensable to Gao Yun's ascension to the throne and the establishment of Northern Yan, and was one of the founders of the Northern Yan regime.
Feng Bao took the throne and quelled the chaos in the sect
After Gao Yun was put on the throne, he was very worried about being killed because he did not have talent, so he provided a group of samurai to protect himself. Gao Yun very much re-established the departure of the samurai and Tao Ren, and gave the two a very high title. However, The two people, Li Ban and Tao Ren, were so greedy that they actually took the opportunity to stab Gao Yun to death.
After Gao Yun's death, Feng Bao's subordinates Zhang Tai and Li Sang killed Li Ban and Tao Ren. After that, Feng Bao's subordinates elected him to the throne, and Feng Bao wanted to promote his brother Feng Wanni as the main one, but the chancellor strongly persuaded Feng Bao to take the throne in Changli, that is, the heavenly throne, or to take Yan as the national name, and later called Northern Yan.
After Feng Bao ascended the throne, he reused his clans Feng Wanni, Feng Milk Chen, and others, but considered them to be the clan and it was appropriate to guard the domain outside the town, so they did not let them enter the dynasty to serve as the three dukes and auxiliary high positions, which caused dissatisfaction among Feng Wanni, Feng Milk Chen, and others. Feng Milk Chen persuaded Feng Wanni to rebel together, and Feng Bao sent Feng Hong and others to lead an army to fight, and soon put down the rebellion of the two.
After quelling the civil unrest, Feng Bao issued a series of edicts deposing many of the harsh governments and heavy military service of the Later Yan Murong Xi period. Feng Bao also sent people to inspect the counties, promote the support of widows and widows and the elderly, reward filial piety and diligence, and use this to select officials. Feng Bao also reformed the strict rule of officials, and he was even more diligent in political affairs, and every time he sent an official abroad, he must personally inquire in the East Hall, and under the influence of Feng Bao, the Northern Yan Dynasty Hall presented a clear scene. By persuading nongsang and reducing the number of conscripts, the people were also recuperated, and the situation of stability in Northern Yan gradually took shape.
Make friends with foreign tribes and beware of the Northern Wei Dynasty
Although Feng Bao was a Han monarch, Northern Yan maintained relations with various external Hu forces. The Rouran Khan Yujiu Lu Sent Emissaries to Former Yan to ask Feng Bao to marry Princess Lelang and presented Feng Bao with 3,000 horses. The courtiers believed that Princess Lelang should not be married to Rouran Khan, and that it was okay to use the daughter born of Feng Bao's concubine to make peace with Rouran, but Feng Bao thought that Rouran should not be bullied, and still agreed to Yu Jiulu's marriage to Princess Lelang.
The leader of the Kumoxi tribe in the northeast, Yu Kuzhen, personally led three thousand tribes to Northern Yan to request mutual trade and offer a thousand horses, and Feng Bao also agreed to Kumoxi's request and placed them in Yingqiu. Later, the Khitan Kumoxi tribe, which had not yet completely divided, came to defect to Feng Bao, who made their tribal leader the King of Guishan.
At that time, although the internal situation of Northern Yan was relatively stable, the Northern Wei established by Tuoba Bu had already become a trend, and it was quite contemptuous of Northern Yan, which was located in a remote corner of the northeast. Northern Wei once sent an emissary Geng Yi to Northern Yan, and Feng Bao sent a Yellow Gate Attendant Chang Wu to greet him, and according to the etiquette of the head of a country, he came to receive Geng Yi as an emissary. However, Geng Yi was very arrogant towards Feng Bao, so Feng Bao detained Geng Yi in Northern Yan.
Sun Boren, Sun Lingzhi, Sun Yiba, and others, who had been involved with Feng Bao, all wanted to get kaifu after Feng Bao became the heavenly king, but Feng Bao refused, so he was very dissatisfied with Feng Bao and often said rebellious words. When Feng Bao learned of this, he executed them and then promoted Sun Hu to an official position to comfort him. However, after the death of several younger brothers, Sun Hu was often sullen, so he angered Feng Bao and killed him soon after. Later, there was also Liaodong Taishou Yinti, who thought that his merits were not lost to Sun Hu and others, so he plotted to rebel against Feng Bao, and was also killed by Feng Bao.
The Rouran Khan Yujiu Lu Hulu was expelled by his brother and led his entire family to Feng Bao, who properly placed them and married the daughter of Yu Jiu Lu Hulu. Later, Yu Jiulu returned to Northern Sai, and Feng Bao sent his troops to escort Wan Ling with an army, but Wan Ling was reluctant to go to Northern Sai, and returned to Northern Yan after killing Yu Jiu Lu Hulu on the road. Later, after Northern Wei Tuoba Tao took the throne, he sent troops to attack Northern Yan, and Feng Bao took precautions in advance, and the Northern Wei army had to withdraw.
In the dying coup d'état, Feng Hong took the throne
Feng Bao ascended the throne in the fifth year of Yixi (409) and became seriously ill in the seventh year of Yuan Jia (430), and he asked the crown prince Feng Yi to preside over the imperial government to avoid accidents in the dynasty. However, Feng Bao's concubine Lady Song wanted to establish her own son Feng Fu on the throne, so she deceived Feng Yi into saying that Feng Bao's condition had improved and asked him to return to the Eastern Palace to no longer preside over the imperial government. After that, Lady Song issued a false edict to prevent Korean and Chinese officials from entering the palace to visit the sick, leaving only the eunuch Hu Fu in charge of the palace guards.
Hu Fu was worried that Lady Song was plotting rebellion, so he told Lady Song's ambitions to Feng Hong, the Duke of Zhongshan in Northern Yan, and Feng Hong led his guards into the palace, and in the confusion Feng Bao was frightened and died. Subsequently, Feng Hong forced the crown prince Feng Yi to commit suicide, and also executed many of Feng Bao's heirs, and he succeeded him as the monarch of Northern Yan.
However, soon Northern Yan Tuoba Tao led an army to attack Northern Yan, and Feng Hong sent emissaries to Tuoba Tao to surrender, but Tuoba Tao refused. Northern Wei continued to attack Northern Yan, Feng Honggu defended himself, the Northern Yan state was breached, Feng Hong fled to Goguryeo for refuge, and Northern Yan was destroyed. Two years later, the King of Goguryeo killed both Feng Hong and his heirs.
The Beginning and End of the Yellow Dragon Kingdom
From Murong Yun's establishment of Northern Yan to Feng Hong's escape to Goguryeo, it lasted for more than twenty years, and because of its capital Longcheng, the Liu Song regime in Jiangzuo called it the Yellow Dragon Kingdom. Northern Yan went through murong yun, Feng Bao, and Feng Hong's three generations of monarchs died, only during the reign of Feng Bao, he was able to make friends with foreign tribes such as Ruoran and Khitan to the outside world, and was still able to resist the Northern Wei regime in the Central Plains.
At the beginning of the establishment of Northern Yan, it was the stage of northern Wei and Later Qin and Later Yan at the end of the Sixteen Kingdoms, so it gained a rare opportunity for development. During Feng Bao's reign, he corrected Murong Xi's harsh government in Northern Yan and befriended foreign tribes such as the Khitans that Murong Sheng and Murong Xi had attacked during his reign, thus promoting the stability of Northern Yan in Murong Xi's old lands. However, when the Northern Wei Emperor Tuoba Tao ascended the throne, the Later Yan, Later Qin and other regimes collapsed one after another, and the Northern Yan, which was located in the northeast, could not escape the end of the end.
However, as far as feng Hong's various measures during his reign were concerned, he was indeed a rare Saint Ming monarch from the end of the Sixteen Kingdoms to the Northern Dynasty.
(The picture in the text comes from the network, invasion and deletion)