Gao Yun (?) ~November 6, 409), courtesy name Murong Yun (慕容云), was a Goguryeo emperor of the Northern Yan dynasty (reigned 407–409), and the adopted son of Murong Bao, emperor of Later Yan.
Quite powerful, loyal and steady, silent. In the second year of Later Yan Yongkang (397), he led an army to defeat the rebellion of Murong Hui, the Duke of Qinghe, and became Murong Bao's adopted son, giving him the surname Murong Shi (慕容氏) and the title of Duke of Sunset. In the first year of the Later Yan Dynasty (407), Feng Bao rebelled, killed Murong Xi, proclaimed Murong Yun as the heavenly throne, and restored the gao surname.
In the first three years (409), he was killed by his favorite vassals, Tao Ren, and his courtesy name was Emperor Huiyi and his temple name was Jingzong.
So today Xiaobian will talk about the tragic life of Emperor Gao Yun of northern Yan Huiyi during the Sixteen Kingdoms period, let's take a look at it!
A brief biography of Emperor Gao Yun of the Northern Yan Dynasty
The adopted son was given a surname
Murong Yun, whose real name was Gao Yun, and whose grandfather Gao He was a side branch of Goguryeo, claimed to be a descendant of the Gaoyang clan, so he took "Gao" as his surname. When the Former Yan emperor Murong Hao defeated Goguryeo, he moved Murong Yun's fathers and ancestors to the Qingshan area, and from then on, they became subjects of Former Yan for generations and later of the Later Yan regime.
Murong Yun was deep and powerful, loyal and steady, and taciturn, and at that time everyone thought he was stupid, only Feng Bao was surprised by his ambition and made friends with him. When Murong Bao was crown prince, Murong Yun served in the Eastern Palace by virtue of his martial arts.
In the first year of Later Yan Yongkang (396), Murong Yun served as an attendant, but later left his post due to illness. In the second year of Yongkang (397), Murong Bao's son Murong Hui of Qinghe rebelled, and Murong Yun attacked and defeated Murong Hui and his rebels, and Murong Bao adopted him as his adopted son, giving him the surname Murong Shi (慕容氏) and the title of Duke of Sunset.
Call Wang Fu surname
In the first year of the founding year (407), Murong Xi's empress dowager Murong Xi died, and when Murong Xunying was buried, Feng Bao saw Murong Yun and told Murong Yun of the plot. Murong Yun said in fear, "I have been ill for many years, and you all know it, so I hope you will consider other ways." Feng Bao coerced: "Murong Clan declined, Murong Xi was fierce and cruel, confused by adulterous women, rebellious and chaotic, the common people could not stand his poisoning, and there were nine out of ten people who wanted to rebel, and this was the time when Heaven was going to destroy Murong Clan." You are from a famous family of the Gao clan, how can you be someone else's adopted son! Chance is hard to find, once in a lifetime, how can you resign! ”
Feng Bao helped Murong Yun out. Murong Yun said, "I have been ill for a long time, and I am completely isolated from the world. You are now building great things, wrongly electing and persecuting me. The reason for my hesitation is not for my own sake, but for the sake of my character not being enough to help the people. Feng Bao and others forced him, so Murong Yun took the throne, restored the high surname, pardoned the territory, and changed the era name to Zhengshi and the country name great Yan. Feng Bao was appointed as the Commander of the Imperial Household, the Governor of the Chinese and Foreign Armies, the General of zhengbei, the third division of Kaifu Yitong, the Secretary of Lushang Shushi, and the Duke of Wuyi County; Feng Wanni was appointed as Shangshu Ling, Feng Sufu was made Chang Liyin, Feng Hong was made the General of Zhengdong, Sun Hu was made the Left Servant of Shangshu, and Zhang Xing was made the General of the Auxiliary State. More than fifty people were also appointed as uncles, sons, men, townsmen, and pavilions, and rewarded soldiers with different rewards. Murong Xi's bureaucrats were all reinstated to knighthoods.
In February of the first year of the reign (407), Murong Yun made his wife Li Shi the Queen of Heaven, and his son Gao Pengcheng (高彭城) crown prince. The Yue Cavalry Lieutenant Mu Youliang plotted a rebellion and was killed by Gao Yun. On March 26 of the first year of the reign (407), Murong Yun buried Murong Xi and Gong Xunying at Huiping Mausoleum. Murong Xi was posthumously honored as Emperor Zhaowen.
Dongtang was killed
Murong Yun thought that he had no merit, but he ascended to the throne, so there was always a feeling of danger and fear in his heart. He often selected and supported some strong samurai as his confidants and minions. His favored courtiers left the shift, and Tao Ren was in charge of the guards of the palace, and he rewarded them countless times, and even their food, clothing, shelter and transportation were the same as his own. And the two of them, Li Ban and Tao Ren, were insatiably greedy, and even so, they were still full of complaints.
On October 13, 409, the third year of the first year ( 409 ) , Murong Yun came to the East Hall , and came in with a sword in his arms and a piece of paper in his hand , claiming that something had happened. Li Ban suddenly drew his sword and stabbed Murong Yun directly, Murong Yun resisted with a tea table, and Tao Ren stabbed Murong Yun from the side and killed him. Feng Bao's subordinates, Zhang Tai and Li Sang, killed Li Ban and Tao Ren respectively. Feng Bao moved Murong Yun's corpse to the Eastern Palace and made him Emperor Huiyi. The Southern Yan Emperor Murong Chao posthumously honored the temple as Emperor Jingzong.
Character evaluation
Fang Xuanling issued an evaluation of Murong Yun, and the evaluation was higher Fang Xuanling and other "Book of Jin": "Yun Shen has a deep bureau, thick and heavy, and when people think they are foolish, only Feng Baoqi is a friend of his ambitions." ”
Character controversy
History is very controversial about whether Murong Yun was a member of the Murong clan of Later Yan, and because of the different views on whether Murong Yun was a member of the Murong clan of Later Yan, some people believe that Murong Yun was the last emperor of Later Yan, and some people regard him as the founding emperor of Northern Yan.
Who was the adoptive father of Emperor Gao Yun of the Northern Yan Huiyi?
Murong Bao (355–398), courtesy name Daoyou (道佑), courtesy name Kugou ,小字庫勾), was the fourth son of Murong Chui, Emperor Wucheng of Later Yan, and empress dowager Duan of The Tang Dynasty (Empress Duan), the second emperor of Later Yan during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. When Murong Bao was young, he was untrustworthy, lacked ambition and conduct, and preferred to be greeted by others.
In 369, Murong Bao fled from Former Yan to Former Qin with his father Murong Chui and others, and during the reign of the former Qin lord Jian Jian, he served as the crown prince to wash horses and order wannian. Jian Jian launched the Battles of Huaishui and Shuishui and appointed Murong Bao as the general of Lingjiang. In 398, he dispatched 30,000 infantry and horses to march south from Longcheng, and the soldiers fled in fear of war. He retreated to Dragon City and was killed by Lan Khan, the king of Dunqiu. After Murong Bao's death, the temple name was Liezong and the courtesy name was Lingdi.
Who was Gao Yun's adoptive mother, Emperor Huiyi of Northern Yan?
Duan Shi (?) –399), Empress Murong Bao of the Later Yan Emperor. Xianbei people. Before Murong Bao ascended the throne, he took her as his wife and gave birth to a son, Murong Ce.
In the third year of Yongkang (398), Northern Wei moved south, and Later Yan collapsed. On April 26, Murong Bao, who had fled to Longcheng, was lured and killed by the chancellor Lan Khan, and the crown prince Murong Ce was also killed at the same time. Subsequently, Murong Baoshu's eldest son Murong Sheng killed Lan Khan and took the throne, and his mother Empress Duan was made empress dowager. On the 25th day of December of the first year of Changle (6 February 400), Empress Duan died with the honorific title of Empress Huide.
Who was Empress Gao Yun of the Huiyi Emperor of Northern Yan?
Li Shi (李氏), empress of Murong Yun, the founding monarch of Northern Yan. When Murong Yun was still serving as Empress Dowager Yan, he married Li Shi and gave birth to a son, Murong Pengcheng.
In July of the first year of the reign (407), Murong Yun seized the throne of murong Xi, the younger brother of his adoptive father Murong Bao, the Later Yan Emperor, and proclaimed himself The Heavenly King of Great Yan. Since Murong Yun was Murong Bao's adopted son, his original name was Gao Yun, and "Murong" was his surname. His grandfather, Gao He, belonged to a group of Goguryeo offshoots and claimed to be a descendant of Emperor Gaoyang of the Goguryeo Dynasty. Therefore, there are different views on whether Murong Yun is a member of the Murong clan of Later Yan, so some people think that Murong Yun was the last monarch of Later Yan, and some people regard him as the monarch of the Northern Yan state.
In the first month of the second year of the first year (408), Murong Yunli's wife Li Shi was the queen. Some people believe that the crown prince Gao Pengcheng was born of the Li clan, but the history books do not clearly record this. On October 13, 409, Murong Yun was killed by the guards and Tao Ren, and there was great domestic unrest, and Empress Li was also killed by the rebel army. The following year, the new Northern Yan emperor Feng Bao buried Murong Yun and Empress Li with royal ceremonies.
Who was the son of Emperor Gao Yun of northern Yan?
Gao Pengcheng (?) –409), a Chinese figure of the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms era, the eldest son of Emperor Gao Yun of Yanhuiyi, whose mother was Empress Li.
Gao Yun was adopted by Murong Bao as a righteous son and changed his name to Murong Yun. In 407, Murong Yun killed Murong Bao's son, Murong Xi (慕容熙), the then Heavenly King, and established himself as Heavenly King, restoring gao's surname and making Gao Pengcheng crown prince. In 409, Gao Yun was killed by his vassals Andi Ren, and Gao Pengcheng was also killed in the rebellion, and his subordinate Feng Bao took the throne.
Expanded Information: An Introduction to the Northern Yan of the Sixteen Kingdoms
Northern Yan (407–436) was a regime established by Murong Yun and Feng Bao during the Sixteen Kingdoms period.
In 407, Feng Bao launched a coup d'état to destroy Later Yan, and installed Murong Bao, the adopted son of Murong Bao, the Emperor hui of Later Yan, and the Goguryeo gao yun (慕容云) as emperor, with the capital at Longcheng, still using the name of the State of Yan, known in history as "Northern Yan".
In 409, Murong Yun was killed by his subordinates Li Ban and Tao Ren, and was given the title of Emperor Huiyi. Feng Bao was located in Changli Longcheng after the coup d'état. It is founded in the southwest of present-day Liaoning Province and the northeast of Hebei Province. It was destroyed by Northern Wei in 436.
Northern Yan is also known as the Yellow Dragon Because of its capital Dragon City, so the Southern Liu Song Dynasty called it the Yellow Dragon Kingdom. There are also history books that call it Eastern Yan because of its location in the northeast, but it is relatively rare.
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