Cotton
First, the current occurrence of diseases and insect pests
1, cotton bollworm: according to the lantern lure generation of adult insects began to feather on June 15, according to the observation of sexual traps, the number of lure moths increased on June 21, and the number of eggs in the cotton field began to increase on June 22. Due to the overlap of the times, the larvae of all ages in the field exist, and at present, the main 2-3 instar larvae are the mainstay, the egg plant rate in the cotton field is 0-1%, the highest is 3-5 grains, the highest 100 larvae are 1, the amount of eggs and larvae in the cotton field is less than that of the same period last year, and the cotton field with strong growth is controlled around June 24-28. According to the monitoring of weeds (amaranth and dragon flower), the amount of eggs per plant is 1-3 grains, the maximum is 4-8 grains, and the number of larvae is 1-2. Larval borer buds are rarely seen in the field, and the bud rate is low at 1-3%. Monitoring lamps monitor the feathering of a generation of adult insects as shown in the figure:
Feathering condition
2. Cotton leaf mite: The climatic conditions on June 14-25 are conducive to the growth and development of the insect, and the spread and spread of the field is relatively fast, and some heavier plots are controlled before the topping. At present, due to the vigorous growth of cotton, covering up the occurrence of the insect in the field, it is invisible in the field, the field generally has a mite rate of 0--1%, up to 2-3%, the amount of 100 mites is 3-5, up to 13, the current agricultural operation (topping) is very favorable to the spread of the insect, the current overall incidence of cotton leaf mites is mild to moderately mild occurrence.
3, cotton aphid: affected by the recent climate, is conducive to the growth and development of cotton aphids, the number of cotton aphids rises rapidly, mostly wingless aphids, there are very few winged aphids, there is an increase in the rate of aphid plants, there are general aphid plant rates in 1-2%, up to 5-8%, serious plots of oil, leaf curl rate of 10--15%, in late June on the individual heavy plots were prevented.
4, blind bugs: at present, the harm peak period of blind bugs, 0-1 hundred insect mouths, 2-4 hundred plants near the alfalfa plot. The current overall degree of occurrence is mild.
5, double-spotted fluorescent leaf beetle: after the prevention and control of mid-to-late June, the current amount of field occurrence has been reduced compared with the middle of June, there is no harm to the cotton field, according to visual measurement of 0-1 hundred plants, the highest 2--3 heads, the overall degree of occurrence is mild, and individual plots belong to moderate occurrence.
6, cotton wilt, verticillium wilt: into the late June the disease in the field is sporadic occurrence, according to the census, the incidence of wilt, verticillium wilt is 0-1%, the highest point of 3-5%.
7, grape disease: at present is the peak period of the incidence of downy mildew, timely prevention and control, for the plots without disease, adhere to the prevention of the main, 7-10 days to prevent once.
8, natural enemies: according to observation, the occurrence of natural enemies in cotton fields is less than the same period in the past year, according to the survey, 0-1 hundred grasshoppers in cotton fields, 1-2 spiders, 0-1 ladybugs.
Second, the relationship between recent climatic factors and the occurrence of pests and diseases
1. Climatic factors
The average temperature in the reclamation area in mid-June was 25.2 to 27.0 °C, which was 1.2 to 2.1 °C higher than the average of the same period in the calendar year and 0.4 to 1.9 °C lower than the same period last year. In mid-June, the precipitation in Shihezi Reclamation Area was 1.6-22.9mm, which was 10%-1.9 times more than the average of the same period of the calendar year, and 80% more than that of Shihezi in the same period last year. It is estimated that the average temperature in the reclamation area in late June will be 27.0 to 28.0 °C, which is 1.6 to 2.5 °C higher than the average of the same period of the calendar year; 3.7 to 4.7 °C higher than the same period last year. In late June, the precipitation in various parts of the reclamation area was 8 to 12 mm, which was 40% to 50% more than the average of the same period in the calendar year; it was 20% to 70% less than the same period last year.
2. Prediction of the occurrence trend of diseases and insect pests in the next stage
(1) Cotton bollworm: According to the development progress and accumulation temperature method, it is predicted that the second-generation cotton bollworm larvae will last until about July 5.
(2) Cotton leaf mite: Due to the current vigorous growth of crops, it covers up the occurrence of the insect, which is invisible, it is recommended to closely monitor the occurrence of the insect, and control the occurrence of the heavy plot in early July.
Cotton leaf mites
(3) Cotton aphid: According to the recent climatic conditions conducive to the reproduction and development of cotton aphids, it is expected that the cotton aphid will be aggravated in early July, migrating and spreading, and it will occur in cotton fields. The next stage of cotton aphid occurrence is moderate.
(4) Double-spotted firefly beetle: Due to the early control, the insect gradually faded in the cotton field, and the number is expected to decline in early July, which is no harm to the cotton field.
III. Comprehensive defense recommendations
Various diseases and insect pests have entered the farmland one after another, and in view of the occurrence of various diseases and insect pests, each unit mainly does the following plant protection work:
1. According to the current situation, all units should strengthen the investigation of diseases and insect pests and grasp each in a timely manner
Species of pests and diseases occur dynamically.
2. All units continue to use physical measures such as insecticidal lamps, poplar branches, cotton boll insect sex attractants to trap adult insects, and each unit arranges personnel on duty to collect moths every morning to cross plant protection stations, and effectively reduce the amount of eggs falling in cotton fields; strengthen the investigation of cotton boll eggs and larvae on the enticing belts such as cotton, processed tomatoes, wheat, and alfalfa and corn, and timely control and control of the prevention and control indicators. For plots that are being topped, take the top out of the field and bury them. When the cumulative number of eggs in the cotton field reaches 10 or the number of 100 larvae reaches 5, use pesticides such as methylaminoavermectin benzoate, BT, indigovirus, cotton bollworm karyotype polyhedrovirus, chlorhexabenzamide and other pesticides in a timely manner, and pay attention to the rotation of pesticides.
3. Strengthen the investigation and prevention of cotton leaf mites in cotton fields, timely control and control of cotton leaf mites at the central point and plot of cotton leaf mites, and comprehensively prevent and control avermectin + thiomethoxone and arvedic mite esters when the multi-point occurrence and mite rate reaches 5% after the topping, and control the leaf mites in the stage of spot tableting. Pay attention to the rotation of pesticides.
4. Cotton aphid: closely monitor the occurrence and development of cotton aphid. For the plots of the central aphid source that has occurred, the medicinal agents flufenacil, acetamiprid, pycnoxazine, thiamethoxine, imidacloprid, etc. are used to prevent the migration and spread of cotton aphids, and the convection oil and leaf curl rate reach more than 10% for general prevention.
5. Strengthen the investigation and prevention of grape downy mildew, powdery mildew, felt disease and other diseases and insect pests. Powdery mildew is controlled by pesticides such as glutazole, nitricoxazole and pyrimidine esters, and downy mildew is controlled by pesticides such as downy mildew hydrochloride, enoylmorpholine, and frost urea.
6. Scientific and rational use of pesticides to ensure the safety of agricultural production and the environment. Adhere to the scientific rotation of pesticides, timely packaging and processing of various agents and burying.
Author: Liu Ruihong, Reviewer: Liu Yongjian, This article was compiled and published by the Corps Plant Protection