Burdened with the great hatred of destroying the country, he scattered his family wealth and spent more than ten years planning a murder.
The failure of the action, the shattering of the dream of restoration, in the "second half" of life, what mission is waiting for him to complete?
The male protagonist image in film and television dramas.
Key point: Respecting the elderly is a good habit and will often bring you unexpected surprises.
Text | Jiang Yamin
Edit | Li Xue Lookout Think Tank
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1 Can killing one person solve the problem?
In the year 230 BC, Korea, which had been surviving for many years, became the first achievement of Qin on the road to the destruction of the Six Kingdoms, at the age of 173.
This is not a surprising ending, and completely changed the trajectory of the life of the aristocratic young Zhang Liang. His father and ancestors later ran The Seal for 87 years, and his family witnessed how the country gradually became stronger after the change of law, and then weakened under the bullying of powerful enemies on all sides, until it was fatally dealt.
Recalling the glory of the family and the legacy of his father and ancestors, the surging hatred struck, and Zhang Liang wanted to make the King of Qin pay the blood debt!
Therefore, he scattered his family wealth and recruited a wide range of fierce soldiers, and his brother died and was not buried to show his determination. However, more than ten years later, Jing Ke's hero died and Comrade Ji Dan died, and seeing that the king of Qin's long-cherished wish had been fulfilled, he could not do anything about it.
In 218 BC, he finally waited for the opportunity to tour the east of Qin Shi Huang. When the mighty convoy reached Yangwu Bolangsha (present-day Yuanyang, Henan), an unexpected situation occurred: the Qin King's security work was done very well, there were several cars of the same model, and the enemy could not tell which car he was sitting in, and there was only one chance.
Zhang Liang gritted his teeth and ordered the ambushed Hercules to launch an attack, and the 120-pound sledgehammer was thrown out, mistakenly hitting the vice car. The angry Qin Shi Huang issued a national arrest warrant, and Zhang Liang, a hot-blooded young man in his thirties, had to change his name and surname, and since then he has traveled south to the rivers and lakes.
His legendary life began with a shoe-throwing game on a small bridge in Xia Pi (present-day Pizhou, Jiangsu).
An old man in coarse cloth was sitting on the bridge, and when he saw him come over, he kicked off his shoes:
"Boy, get my shoes back!"
Zhang Liang was very angry, just about to have a seizure, thinking about how his cousin Takako could see with an old man in the city, he picked up his shoes and sent them back.
The old man had to inch in:
"You put it on me!"
Zhang Conscience muttered in his heart: Is it possible that he has a leg disability and limited mobility? Good guys do it to the end. He bowed his head and put on the old man's shoes.
Who knew that the old man got up and left, leaving a sentence:
"Wait for me here at dawn in 5 days."
What is this operation? The idea is so clear, it should be a tall person! Zhang Liang, an unemployed vagrant, decided to attend the appointment. Five days later, when he arrived at the bridge, it was just dawn, but the old man with the bad temper actually arrived first! So, the 5-day covenant was repeated twice.
Until the 20th day after the two met, Zhang Liang finally ran a first place and took the lead in coming to the bridge. The old man expressed his satisfaction and took out a copy of the Taigong Art of War ("Su Qing") and gave it to him:
"Boy, you can't do a big thing just by going on a rampage. Your sharpness is almost frustrated, and now you should be able to calm down and study the art of war and think about big things, right? Read this book well and you can become an imperial master! ”
Zhang Liang woke up: Once he acted too recklessly, he should not be impulsive when he became a big thing!
Subsequently, he calmed down and concentrated on the study of the art of war. In the "Taigong Art of War", he learned how to arrange troops and deal with the battlefield situation; after mastering the principles of "Qimen Dunjia", in order to facilitate the application in actual combat, he reduced 72 innings to 18 innings, and then divided into Yin Nine Innings and Yang Jiu innings, completing the third reform in the history of the "Qimen Dunjia" inheritance.
This study reached the time of Qin Shi Huang's death.
One man dies, and the world is in chaos.
In 209 BC (the first year of Qin II), Chen Sheng and Wu Guang rose up in Daze Township, and the world gathered to respond, Zhang Liang took the opportunity to pull up a team of more than 100 people to continue to oppose Qin, and if he had the opportunity, he also wanted to restore Korea.
On his way to Jing ju, the leader of the peasant army, he met Liu Bang.
2 Destroy a country, the next goal?
In June 208 BC, Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu's uncles and nephews had grown to 60,000 or 70,000 people, and the grandson of King Huai of Chu was established as king, and the leaders of various rebel armies were gathered at Xuecheng (薛城, in present-day Tengzhou, Shandong) to discuss the grand plan.
Zhang Liang saw Xiang Liang:
"King Lichu is conducive to improving your appeal, you can follow the law, for example, the descendants of King Lihan are kings, so as to have many henchmen." I think Hengyang Jun is good. ”
Xiang Liang was very interesting, Hengyang Jun became the King of Han, and Zhang Liang became Han Xiang (Situ). The long-cherished wish of restoring the motherland and rebuilding the family door has come true! Now, he thought that his mission was to assist King Han in recovering his homeland and creating a new great cause. He fought with the Qin army several times in Yingchuan, winning and losing against each other, and never being able to break the situation.
At the end of the year, King Huai of Chu ordered Liu Bang and Xiang Yu to divide their forces into Qin, and the party that first entered Xianyang was the king.
Liu Bang planned to take Yingchuan and Nanyang and take Wuguan into Guanzhong.
In July 207 BC, Liu Bang led his troops to fight the Qin army at Yingchuan, and asked the King of Han to stay at Yang Zhai (陽翟, in modern Yuzhou, Henan) and let Zhang Liang follow his army south. In September, Liu Jun arrived at Nanyang Commandery (南阳郡, in modern Nanyang, Henan). The Qin army retreated to Wancheng (Nanyang, Henan).
Liu Bang hurried into Xianyang, planning to take a detour and move west.
Zhang Liang thought it was inappropriate and advised:
"There are many Qin soldiers on your way west, and they all hold dangerous terrain. If you take a detour, once the Qin soldiers in Wancheng are chased and killed from behind, your army will be in danger of being attacked by the enemy! ”
Liu Bang suddenly realized, led his army to quietly return by night, and by dawn, he had surrounded Wancheng; then he recruited Nanyang Taishou, pardoned all the officials and people of the city, and took Wancheng without bloodshed. The other city guards in Nanyang County, seeing that their superiors had surrendered, followed suit, and Liu Bang's soldiers were greatly encouraged.
The next difficulty was Yaoguan (峣關, in modern Shangzhou, Shaanxi), which was the last pass in Xianyang, the capital of Qin, which was easy to defend and difficult to attack. Liu Bang, who was worried about Xiang Yu's preemptiveness, wanted to personally lead more than 20,000 people to launch a strong attack. Zhang Liangxian:
"At present, the strength of the Qin army guarding the pass is still very strong, and it should not be taken lightly. Yao Guanshou will be the son of a butcher, and this kind of city servant can be bribed with money. You can send advance troops, set up a large number of army flags on the surrounding hills, bluff, and act as suspects. Then, if he sent Li Shiqi to bring more treasures and treasures to persuade the Qin generals, he might succeed. ”
Liu Bang acted according to the plan, and the enemy defenders surrendered and expressed their willingness to assist in the attack on Xianyang. For this achievement, Zhang Liang is very calm:
"Now what wants to rebel against Qin is only the general, and the soldiers may not obey." If we act rashly, the consequences will be unimaginable. It was better to take advantage of the Qin soldiers' slackness to eliminate them. ”
After a surprise attack, the Qin army was defeated and abandoned the pass and retreated to Lantian (present-day Lantian, Shaanxi). Taking advantage of the victory, Liu Bang chased after him, bypassed Yaoguan and crossed the Yao Mountains, defeating the Qin army, and then the army continued to march westward, reaching Bashang (25 miles east of present-day Xi'an City) in October 207 BC.
At this time, the baby who had just enjoyed the treatment of the King of Qin for 46 days knew that the general trend had gone, tied his neck with a rope, rode a white horse in a vegetarian car, and held the Imperial Seal Rune, and walked out of the city gate to show his surrender.
At this point, Great Qin collapsed.
3 Entering Xianyang, the human heart begins to show its back
Portrait of Zhang Liang.
Entering Xianyang and seeing luxurious palaces, beautiful palace women and countless rare treasures, Liu Bang indulged in them. Zhang Liangrou expressed his concern in a firm manner:
"You see, because the King of Qin has committed many acts of injustice, you have eradicated the scourge for the people of the world, and only then can you have a chance to enter Xianyang." Now, you should cloth vegetarian food to show frugality, so that the world can really see that you are very different from the King of Qin. However, as soon as the army entered the Qin Land, you were busy enjoying yourself, which was tantamount to aiding and abetting abuse. ”
Compared with the direct confrontation of other subordinates, this expression was more popular with Liu Bang, so he ordered:
* Seal the Qin Palace, treasury, and property;
* Return the army to the top of the army to wait for Xiang Yu and other rebel armies;
* Covenant with the common people on "death, wounding and theft of murderers" and widely publicized.
After several performances, Liu Bang won the hearts of the people and laid a good social foundation for the future operation of Guanzhong.
Xiang Yu led his vassals to Hangu Pass (present-day Lingbao, Henan), saw Liu Bang order the defenders to close the gates, and immediately ordered the Yingbu overseers to launch a strong attack.
In December, Liu Bang's army was hegemonic, and Xiang Yu was stationed at Hongmen, and the two armies were 40 miles apart. At this time, Cao Wu was injured and informed ("Pei Gong wants to be crowned king in Guanzhong"), and in anger, Xiang Yu decided to send an army to destroy his opponent the next day. Uncle Xiang Immediately met with his old friend Zhang Liang and asked him to flee for his life quickly.
Taking advantage of the fact that the two uncles and nephews Gu Xiaoyi disregarded the overall situation and wanted face and did not distinguish between public and private, Zhang Liang not only saved Liu Bang at the Hongmen banquet, but also successfully diverted the attention of the overlord -- making him let Liu Bang's troops ignore, lead troops to slaughter Xianyang in the west, kill children and babies, burn the Qin Palace, and loot his treasures and beautiful women, and then decide to "return to his hometown".
In January 206 BC, Xiang Yu demoted the King of Chu to "Emperor Yi" and exiled him to Chen (陳州, in modern Chenzhou, Hunan), and in February, he established himself as the "Overlord of Western Chu", with the capital at Pengcheng and the princes. Of course, Xiang Yu did not completely let go of his guard against Liu Bang:
On the one hand, he violated the agreement and divided Liu Bang to the desolate Bashu and left Guanzhong to 3 Qin generals to contain his opponents; on the other hand, he left The King of Han under his own eyes on the grounds that "King Han has no military merit" and "Zhang Liang still follows Liu Bang".
At this time, Zhang Liang's plan was still to return to the han king's side, and he handed over to Xiang Bo all the jin baiyi and zhu erdou that Liu Bang had rewarded, and begged him to ask him to seal Hanzhong for the king of Han in front of his nephew. In this way, Liu Bang occupied (at least nominally) the three counties of Ba, Shu, and Hanzhong south of the QinLing Mountains, and established the capital of Nanzheng (present-day Zheng, Shaanxi).
4 The old lord died, and the dreams of the thirty-year-old nation were shattered
In April, Liu Bang set out for the country and went to Baozhong (潣中; present-day Baocheng Town, Hanzhong City, Shaanxi) to release Zhang Liang back to Pengcheng as promised. Looking at the elevated boardwalk above the mountains, Zhang Liang suggested:
"There is no other way to march here except for the boardwalk, and after your army has passed, you should burn this road to show that you have no intention of looking east, so as to temporarily dispel Xiang Yu's doubts and prevent other forces from attacking the King of Han."
In August, Liu Bang's army secretly crossed Chen Cang (present-day Baoji, Shaanxi), raided Sanqin, and captured Guanzhong.
An aerial boardwalk in Chencang District, Baoji, Shaanxi. Figure | Figureworm Creative
Xiang Yu was furious and decided to lead his troops to fight back.
Zhang Liang stood up and interceded:
"You have already given Hanzhong to Liu Bang, and now he is just listening to your orders to take back his land, what is the crime?" Moreover, the more urgent thing now is that Qi Wang Tian Rong plotted rebellion! You have to plan ahead! ”
Xiang Yu felt that this statement was reasonable, moreover, the King of Han was still in my hands, and Zhang Liang did not dare to deceive me, so he swung his division to attack Sanqi in the north. Liu Bang escaped another disaster and seized the time to accumulate strength.
So, will Zhang Liang joke about the lives of the Han king who has been loyal to his family for three generations? The author believes that there are three main reasons why he is willing to help Liu Bang:
First, Liu Bang had the grace to help the King of Han - defeating the Qin army and occupying Yingchuan, the King of Han had a place to live;
Second, Liu Bang has the grace of knowing himself, and he can show his strengths under his command, compared with the wanton Xiang Yu, Liu Bang is really a good leader who can listen to advice;
Third, Xiang Yu's family was not good for himself and the King of Han. The atrocities of the King of Qin were all in his sights, and if Xiang Yu wanted to unify the world, he would surely destroy these original princely states one by one, and then Korea would not even be able to ask for the opportunity to survive. The growth of Liu Bang's power helps to balance the hegemon, and South Korea can find a little vitality in the cracks.
This arrangement seems very rational, but it is still wrong, and it is wrong to use it on an irrational person.
Soon, the deceived overlord ordered the execution of King Han, completely shattering Zhang Liang's original intention. In a winter when the bone marrow was cold, Zhang Liangtou, who was nearly fifty years old, fled from Pengcheng without returning and defected to Liu Bang. In a troubled world, there are more important missions waiting for him to complete.
The times are ruining the people, but also breed heroes;
How big the pattern is, how wide the heavens and the earth are.
5 Get three people, and the broken Chu will be completed!
In 205 BC, the five princes of Changshan, Zhang Er, Wang Shenyang of Henan, Wang Chang of Han, Wang Bao of Wei, and King Yin of Yin were successively annexed, and Liu Bang received 560,000 troops; in April, Xiang Yu concentrated his forces on attacking Tian Rong, led his troops to cut down Chu, and directly attacked Pengcheng.
After the small victory, Liu Bang's bad habits recurred, and he was addicted to wine-colored wealth and could not extricate himself.
When Xiang Yu personally led 30,000 elite soldiers from the small road to quickly return to Pengcheng, Liu Bang's hundreds of thousands of troops became a ragtag crowd, and they were defeated in the first battle. The princes who looked at the wind and turned their heads to Chu one after another.
Liu Bang left his father, wife, and children behind, and fled with only Zhang Liang and dozens of other horses.
Fleeing to XiaYi, he was horrified:
"I don't want the Kanto region, and whoever can make a meritorious contribution, I will divide the Kanto equally among them." Who do you see? ”
Facts have proved that Liu Bang would rather throw blood relatives to the enemy than take Zhang Liang, which is definitely a good value for money decision. Zhang Liang offered a Jedi counterattack strategy:
"King Yingbu of Jiujiang was a fierce general of the Chu State, and at the Battle of Pengcheng, Xiang Yu ordered him to send troops to help, but he did not move. Xiang Yu is a narrow-minded person who will definitely wait for an opportunity to take revenge, and Yingbu knows his situation. Xiang Yu divided the princes, and Peng Yue, who was not enthroned, must have a grudge. Of your generals, only Han Xin can stand alone.
If the great king can use these three people well, the chu is just around the corner! ”
Therefore, the famous debater Sui He led the order to Jiujiang to plot against Yingbu; at the same time, Liu Bang sent envoys to contact Peng Yue and sent Han Xin to lead troops to attack Yan, Zhao and other places in the north, to strengthen the strength of the Han army, and to encircle the Chu army in a roundabout way.
In May, Liu Bang was besieged by Xiang Yu at Xingyang, and Han Xin made smooth progress on the Northern Road Front, successively pacifying Wei, Dai, Zhao, and Yan.
In the winter of 204 BC, the Chu army tried its best to cut off the Han army's grain routes. The trapped Liu Bang was greatly anxious, and after his dedication to the restoration of the Six Kingdoms and the monarchs of the Six Kingdoms, in order to buy people's hearts, believing that "virtue and righteousness have been carried out, His Majesty will be able to dominate the south, and the Chu people will have to retreat to the north." ”
Liu Bang quickly ordered people to engrave a seal and make Li Shi seal it in various places.
When Zhang Liang learned of this, he immediately shouted to stop:
"The situation in ancient and modern times is different, and this law is tantamount to drinking and quenching thirst, and according to this practice, the world will be in chaos again, and Your Majesty's great affairs will be broken."
Liu Bang immediately ordered the destruction of the seals of the Six Kingdoms that had been engraved, avoiding a major strategic mistake.
6 Use trickery to do your part in this
By 203, Han Xin occupied the homeland of the State of Qi and wanted to establish himself as the King of Qi.
Liu Bang was very angry, but Zhang Liang said: This transaction is too cost-effective! You exchange a false name for a fierce general to fight for you, why not enjoy it?
Next, Zhang Liang took the seal of Han Xin as king, and at the same time recruited his army to attack Chu. As soon as Han Xin's army arrived, the war situation took a major turn -- Han gradually formed a siege of Chu, and the Han army shifted from strategic defense to strategic counter-offensive.
Han Xin continued to attack the Chu army in Qidi, and Peng Yue repeatedly sent troops from Liangdi to cut off the Chu army's grain route. The Chu army was exhausted, and Xiang Yu had no choice but to send back Liu Bang's father, wife and children, hoping to make peace.
The two sides agreed to divide the world in the middle of the divide with the gap as the boundary, and return the east to Chu and the west to Han. Xiang Yu returned to the east as promised, and Liu Bang also wanted to lead his troops west to Hanzhong. At this critical time node, Zhang Liang and Chen Ping advised together:
"Now that Han has two out of three in the world, it is a favorable time to destroy Chu, and it is advisable to pursue the poor and do everything in this move."
Liu Bang personally enlisted Xiang Yu and ordered Han Xin and Peng Yue to encircle him. However, the army pursued the Chu army to Guling (固陵, in modern Taikang, Henan), but was defeated by the delay in receiving reinforcements from Han Xin and Peng Yue.
Zhang Liangdao broke through the mystery:
"The State of Chu was about to perish, and although Han Xin and Peng Yue had been crowned kings, they had not demarcated a fiefdom. If the two do not come this time, the problem lies here. ”
Solving this problem, two months later, Han and Peng did send troops to help.
The soldiers and horses of the Han army gathered one after another to gather under the tu (present-day Tuohe River in Lingbi County, Anhui), and saw the overlord of the father and elder of Jiangdong without a face, and was defeated and killed himself.
At this point, the 4-year Chu-Han War came to an end.
The foundation of the country was laid at the beginning, and the world was determined.
In February 202 BC, Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor; in May, he feasted on the courtiers at the Southern Palace in Luoyang, praising Zhang Liang:
"In the midst of the husband's planning and planning, the decisive victory is thousands of miles away, and I am not as good as the sub-room."
The next conundrum is the capital, which is crucial for the emerging dynasty.
Lou Jing, a Qi man, said that the terrain in Guanzhong was dangerous, and advised Liu Bang to make the capital of Guanzhong; there were also a number of ministers who tried to build the capital Luoyang for the benefit of The Capital. Zhang Liang comprehensively analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the two places: although Luoyang is naturally dangerous, its hinterland is too small and it is easy to be attacked on all sides; Guanzhong has dangers to defend on the north, west, and south sides, and can control the princes to the east; the Yellow River and Weishui can open water transportation to transport grain from all over the world and supply the Beijing division.
The Han Dynasty thus established the capital of Guanzhong.
7 Resign the emperor and be alone in the land
Now, it is necessary to sum up: why was Zhang Liang able to build such a great cause in the chaotic world?
Keywords: thick accumulation, strategic.
Zhang Liang, who was born in many generations, was educated by his family since childhood, and later inherited the military book, and the experience and self-precipitation of the chaotic world created his strong observation and analysis ability, good at plotting, from the late Qin uprising, the Chu-Han War to the establishment of the Han Dynasty, this specialty played a great role.
[Note: In the process of helping Liu Bang overthrow the Qin Dynasty, pacify the Zhuhou, and defeat Xiang Yu, Zhang Liang's most commonly used method was the method of simultaneous progress of heaven, earth and three qi in the Qimen Dunjia, which was tried and tested repeatedly. 】
Before the Qin Dynasty gathered its troops throughout the country, he judged that the most important task was to quickly overthrow this crumbling and tyrannical regime, to find out the psychology of all parties involved, to attack accurately, to care properly, to bribe the spirit, and to annihilate fiercely, leaving no opportunity for the Qin army to counterattack.
Subsequently, ShunChu and Han competed for the strategic posture of the world and formed a joint army of princes, in the process Zhang Liang made one plan after another, using the contradictions between the various forces to reverse the defeat, split the enemy camp, contain the main force of the enemy army, and finally formed a decisive victory to surround and annihilate the enemy army.
Of course, his "scheming" was not only used on the enemy. Liu Bang was a man who could use a Confucian hat as a urinal, and did not know the book Dali. For such a leader, Zhang Liang lowered his posture and spoke in a more gentle tone to avoid provoking the other party and influencing the overall situation; he knew how to choose the timing of opening his mouth and prescribe the right medicine for his strongest needs, such as when he was to the left with Liu Bang's opinions, starting from the great cause of the world, making simple and decisive advice, to the point, and repeatedly saving the crisis.
Therefore, he gained more and more trust from Liu Bang, and basically could make a plan.
Zhang Liangzhizhi, not in the handsome tent, not in the general's case, but in the temple--he is a master strategist in the center of strategy (no matter how important others are, they are also operating around its overall layout), thus pushing the ancient Chinese warrior family to a new height, providing a successful model for the strategic planning of future generations.
At the beginning of the world, Zhang Liang took the opportunity to retreat from the position of "Emperor's Master" to the position of "Emperor's Guest", and gradually retreated to avoid being involved in the cruel struggle of the Early Han Dynasty to destroy the kings with different surnames and even the imperial family for power.
Faced with the heavy reward of "choosing 30,000 households in the country of Qi as food", Zhang Liang was not allowed to do so, and only asked feng to seal the place where he first met Liu Bang (present-day Pei County, Jiangsu), expressed his humility in a gentle manner and played the emotional card, so that the leader who was good at rabbit and dead dog cooking would leave a glimmer of life for himself with his past love.
On August 26, 2021, the ancient building in the courtyard of Zhangliang Temple in Liuba County, Shaanxi Province. Figure | IC photo
In 186 BC, a generation of legendary masters Zhang Liang died in the beautiful Huangpao Mountain (located in the southeast of Tongcheng County, Hubei Province), with the nickname Wencheng. His son Zhang Buxi succeeded him as Marquis Ofe, and in the fifth year of Emperor Xiaowen's reign (176 BC), he lost the last vestige of the king's righteousness—he lost his fiefdom for the crime of "disrespect".
Resources:
1. (Western Han) Sima Qian's "Records of History"
2. (Eastern Han) Ban Gu compiled the Book of Han
3． (Northern Song Dynasty) Sima Guang compiled the Zizhi Tongjian
In peacetime, the lessons of war are collectively forgotten again and again, until another war suddenly arrives, and only after paying a bloody price will it be suddenly awakened. The Bing family has flourished again and again in Chinese history, and then, again and again, it has been suppressed and forgotten.
A mature country and a mature nation must not forget the disasters and lessons of war; even when the country is at peace and prosperity for a long time, it is still necessary to carry forward the tradition of attaching importance to national defense and the military, so that the alarm bells will always sound and the armament will always be renewed.
The worldwide research boom of Chinese bingjia theory has been enduring, and it is of great significance to re-excavate and discover the value of ancient Chinese bingjia at the key historical node of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Therefore, Uncle Ku invited Jiang Yamin, a researcher at the Former Department of Combat Theory and Doctrine Research of the Academy of Military Sciences, to launch a series of articles on "Ancient Chinese Soldiers", one per week, for the benefit of readers.
Spanning 4600 years, this series tells the stories of 38 representative figures of soldiers who exerted a major influence on China's military and even historical progress from the beginning of Chinese civilization to the end of the Qing Dynasty, and interprets the legendary military books and ancient formations that have been enshrined or even deified by posterity.
Note: In order, Xuannu, Yi Yin, Wu Ding, Jiang Ziya, Xian Yun, Ghost Guzi, Tian Hoang Tho, Sun Wu, Sun Zhen, Mo Zhai, Le Yi, Li Mu, Wu Qi, Bai Qi, Wei Ji, Wang Qi, Zhang Liang, Han Xin, Wei Qing, Ban Chao, Zhuge Liang, Yang Su, Li Jing, Xue Rengui, Guo Ziyi, Yelü Hugo, Yue Fei, Genghis Khan, Battu, Zhu Yuanzhang, Xu Da, Qi Jiguang, Xing Jie, Zheng Chenggong, Shi Lang, Fu Kang'an, Zuo Zongtang.
Uncle Ku welfare
Uncle Ku's book donation activity has always been there! CITIC Publishing Group provided Uncle Ku with 15 copies of Turbulent Times for enthusiastic readers. The former Governor of the Bank of Japan recalled major economic events such as the "bubble economy collapse" after Japan's rapid growth in the early 1990s, and reflected on Japan's economy and monetary policy from a global perspective from the perspective of monetary policy makers. Please comment under the article, the top 2 likes (more than 50 numbers) will receive a book donation.