Marshal Jude, a man of his later years, loved orchids, and even Jude himself could not tell when this hobby began.
But people know that the reason why Jude loves orchids has a great relationship with a person. This person was Zhu De's close comrade-in-arms and revolutionary partner, Wu Ruolan.
As Zhu De's fourth wife, Wu Ruolan and Zhu De spent an extremely short time together. From acquaintance to acquaintance, and then to final sacrifice. More than a year before and after, it has become an unforgettable memory of Zhu De's life.
This woman, known as the "orchid that never withers on Jinggang Mountain", led a guard squad to negotiate with the enemy in 1929 when Chiang Kai-shek transferred heavy troops from Xianggan and Gansu provinces to besiege Jinggangshan.
After being wounded and captured, he was brutally murdered by the enemy for refusing to sever ties with her husband. Wu Ruolan, one of the three female masters on Jinggang Mountain, fell, and the story in this is really like a legend.
<h1>Young women who joined the revolution</h1>
Wu Ruolan was born in 1903 in Leiyang County, Hunan Province. The father of the family was originally a talent in the late Qing Dynasty, so Wu Ruolan received careful instruction from his father from an early age.
When she was a teenager, Wu Ruolan was a talented woman, not only quite cultural, but also wrote a beautiful and good handwriting. At the age of 12, Wu Ruolan was admitted to the county girls' vocational school with excellent results.
During his time at school, Wu Ruolan was influenced by revolutionary ideas and wanted to be a new woman of the times. To this end, Wu Ruolan rejected a family affair that his father had originally told him, and decided to continue his studies after attending a girls' vocational school.
Wu Ruolan was admitted to the Hunan Provincial Third Girls' Normal School with excellent results, and at that time, Wu Ruolan was also in the same class as Chairman Mao's cousin Mao Zejian. The two were close friends during their time at school, and the two must be a great woman in the future.
Under the guidance of this concept, Wu Ruolan actively participated in various student movements during his time at the Girls' Normal School to oppose the oppression and poisoning of women by the old system. Actively advocate for and lead women in cutting their feet and resisting the old system of cruelty to women.
After the 50th hour, the anti-imperialist and anti-Japanese movements throughout the country were on the rise. Wu Ruolan, who was in Hunan, also actively responded to the struggle of young people with lofty ideals throughout the country, joined the atrocities against the Japanese capitalists, led the students and young women in Hunan to confiscate Japanese goods, and responded to the resistance movement of the Shanghai students with practical actions.
After that, Wu Ruolan began to contact communism and soon became a staunch supporter of the Chinese Communist Party. In 1926, he joined the Communist Party of China.
As a member of the Communist Party, he was elected a member of the local executive committee of the Socialist Youth League in Leiyang in 1927 and served as the minister of women's affairs.
<h1>Pioneer of the women's revolution</h1>
At that time, Hunan Province was still one of the main provinces initiated by the national workers' and peasants' movement. Especially under the leadership of Chairman Mao, the peasant movement in Hunan Province was in full swing.
As the minister of the Women's Department of Leiyang, Wu Ruolan actively participated in the peasant movement, often telling the revolutionary truth to the peasants and women, giving lessons to the peasants, and organizing women to learn cultural knowledge.
In order to arouse the spirit of resistance of the poor people, Wu Ruolan also specially compiled a song to be sung among the people. The lyrics go like this: "Today the world is unjust, the rich are rich and the poor are poor, the rich drink wine in high buildings, and the poor drink the north wind shirtless." ”
A few dozen simple words tell the poor dilemma of the people living in the chaotic world, and also arouse the spirit of struggle of thousands of toiling masses.
After the Ma-Ri Incident, the peasant movement in Hunan Province suffered a blow. Under the leadership of the reactionary authorities, the military and police began to arrest Communists and the masses who responded to the revolution.
Faced with the enemy's rewards and wanted, Wu Ruolan was not afraid and insisted on fighting the reactionary government underground. At that time, Wu Ruolan, who was dressed as a village woman, ran all over the ten miles and eight townships in order to draw the masses with revolutionary spirit to join the revolutionary contingent.
The reactionary government in Leiyang County issued Wu Ruolan's arrest warrant everywhere, and some mercenary villains immediately reported Her whereabouts to the local government after seeing Wu Ruolan.
For this reason, Wu Ruolan was no less on the edge of life and death, fortunately, under the cover of comrades-in-arms and poor people, every time Wu Ruolan was able to turn the danger into a disaster.
In this way, Wu Ruolan persisted in the struggle alone for more than 4 months in the case of missing contact with the organization. It was not until Zonghai was sent back to Leiyang by Hunan Province that he got in touch with the central government.
In February 1928, when the First Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army led by Zhu De began to attack the county seat of Leiyang County, Wu Ruolan and Deng Zonghai led the peasants in Leiyang County to actively assist Zhu De's First Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army and established the Soviet Government of Leiyang County.
<h1>He was married to Zhu Dexi</h1>
After the establishment of the Soviet District Government, Wu Ruolan served as Minister of Women and President of the Women's Federation. In his work, Wu Ruolan showed strong organizational ability and publicity ability.
At the same time, the bold and daring style also makes it no less than that of gay men in work. At this moment, Wu Ruolan's excellence attracted the attention of Zhu De, who was the commander of the First Division.
For Wu Ruolan, Zhu De was very appreciative and loved. Because Wu Ruolan's writing is very smooth, Zhu De often praises her as a "writer".
After a period of time together, in addition to the comradely relationship, the two also produced a little admiration. It is only forced by the comradely relationship that both of them are inconvenient to break through this layer of window paper.
Later, the comrades of the county party committee were careful and found the hints of emotion between the two, so they matched the two. In February 1928, introduced by Liu Tai and Deng Zonghai, then secretaries of the Qiyang County Party Committee, Zhu De and Wu Ruolan formed a revolutionary partner.
Before marriage, Zhu De also said wittily: "You are a Hunan person who is not afraid of spicy, I am a Sichuan person who is not afraid of spicy, and the two of us are spicy to a piece." You have mazi, I have a beard, let's get married! ”
After marrying Zhu De, Wu Ruolan wholeheartedly supported her husband's work. And with her husband went to Jinggangshan, with wu Ruolan's care, Zhu De's life has also been greatly improved. After marriage, in addition to taking care of Zhu De's daily life, Wu Ruolan did not slack off at all for his work.
He was transferred from the prefectural committee to the army and helped the Red Army to do political propaganda work on Jinggang Mountain. After the establishment of the Red Fourth Front, Wu Ruolan was transferred to the Red Fourth Army as the leader of the political propaganda team.
During this time, Wu Ruolan tirelessly went deep into Tangnan Village in Ninggang New Town to carry out land movements. However, due to the great power of the local landlord class, the land movement also faced many obstacles.
In order to combat the arrogance of the landlords, Wu Ruolan actively mobilized the suffering masses, united with the peasants, punished many landlord bullies who had long oppressed the people, and won the extensive support of the local peasants.
Under the leadership of Wu Ruolan, the land movement in Tangnan Village finally achieved good results and was praised by the workers, peasants, and soldiers' government of the Xianggan Border Region. But Wu Ruolan also became the number one public enemy of the local reactionary forces.
After finishing the land work in Tangnan Village, in order to be able to help her husband militarily, but also to prepare for the armed struggle that he could face at any time in the land movement.
Wu Ruolan actively consulted her husband, Zhu De, to learn military skills. From the simplest shooting, bomb throwing, assassination to tactical arrangement, Wu Ruolan studied each one very carefully.
And Wu Ruolan also practiced a good marksmanship, it is said that when he was in the Jinggangshan base area, Wu Ruolan was able to shoot quickly with two guns, and the accuracy was extremely high, even Zhu De's guards admired Wu Ruolan very much.
After learning military skills, Wu Ruolan participated in many battles, and fought several victorious battles with his troops on the way to the Gannan region with the Red Fourth Army, and each battle Wu Ruolan was able to make a contribution.
As a woman, Wu Ruolan not only made outstanding achievements in political work, but also made many achievements in the battlefield, which made the female cadres in the Red Army at that time very encouraged.
At that time, the enemy's "encirclement and suppression" of the revolutionary base areas became more and more severe. The ferocity of the battle was also greater at one time. On January 14, 1929, the Red Army moved to the Gannan region under the encirclement and suppression of the reactionaries.
The cold winter moon makes the Gannan region covered with snow. Heavy snow hindered the enemy's attack, but also brought an unprecedented test to the survival of the Red Army.
<h1>Heroic sacrifice</h1>
On February 1, 1929, Wu Ruolan and his troops were transferred to a temporary garrison for recuperation after fighting in Jitan, Xunwu County, Jiangxi. For several days in a row, they stopped and stopped, and the morale of the troops was low.
Faced with the dilemma of being surrounded by the enemy at any time, everyone seemed extra careful. At this time, Wu Ruolan was already 4 months pregnant, but even so, she still insisted on fighting.
The next morning, the Red Army soldiers were exhausted. At this time, the enemy launched a surprise attack on the Red Army stationed in the garrison, and the army headquarters was surrounded by a regiment led by the reactionary Liu Shiyi. Among them were many senior commanders and political work cadres of our Party, including Chairman Mao and Zhu De.
After the two sides fought, the fighting was extremely fierce. Wu Ruolan was awakened by the fierce gunfire, and immediately took the two guns in his hands and rushed out of the room to shoot at the enemy.
Wu Ruolan and the soldiers of the guard company resisted the incoming enemy army and desperately covered the transfer of the leadership of the military department. The enemy was not far away, and soon they were meleeing with the soldiers of the guard company.
In order to cover the transfer of Chairman Mao and Zhu De, the two leading comrades, Wu Ruolan led several soldiers of the guard company to launch an attack on the enemy's flank, firmly containing the enemy's firepower and attracting the enemy who rushed up behind him.
Wu Ruolan and the soldiers of these guard companies took the cover of the university, fighting and retreating, firmly attracting the enemy and buying time for the chief to break through. When the sky was completely light, the chiefs were finally out of danger, but Wu Ruolan was hastily surrounded by the enemy.
After the enemy commander saw Wu Ruolan, he expected Wu Ruolan to be a female cadre of the Red Army, so he ordered Wu Ruolan to be captured alive. Therefore, in the process of "encircling and suppressing" Wu Ruolan, he did not shoot at his key points.
Wu Ruolan was wounded in the leg and could not move, and the bullets of the two guns in his hands had also been exhausted. Eventually, under the siege of the enemy, Wu Ruolan was captured by the enemy. Liu Shiyi was overjoyed to hear that Zhu De's wife had been captured, and immediately asked Chiang Kai-shek in Nanjing for credit.
In accordance with Chiang Kai-shek's instructions, Liu Shiyi interrogated Wu Ruolan overnight, asking him to explain the whereabouts of the Red Army and the whereabouts of Chairman Mao and Zhu De.
Liu Shiyi said to Wu Ruolan, "Why are you a bandit?" ”
Wu Ruolan looked at Liu Shiyi fiercely and said, "The real bandits are you!" I am the Communist Party, I am a revolutionary, and I want to destroy you reactionaries! ”
Embarrassed and angry, Liu Shiyi ordered wu Ruolan to be tortured. All kinds of inhumane means were used on Wu Ruolan's body, and in the process of execution, Wu Ruolan was unconscious several times.
But the reactionary executioners woke him up with water and continued to torture him. However, in the face of the enemy's torture to extract a confession, Wu Ruolan was loyal and unyielding, always gritting his teeth and insisting.
Finally, Wu Ruolan said: "The revolution will be successful, and you must perish." Seeing that wu Ruolan could not be asked about the whereabouts of the Red Army and Zhu De from his mouth, Liu Shiyi began to use Wu Ruolan's pregnancy as an excuse to try to trick him into disassociating with Zhu De.
But Wu Ruolan said, "I want to break away from Zhu De, unless the water of the Ganjiang River flows backwards!" ”。 At this time, Wu Ruolan had been tortured to death, but every word he said was sonorous and powerful, and he was very loud. In the end, Liu Shiyi killed Wu Ruolan.
On February 12, 1929, at the age of 23, Wu Ruolan was brutally murdered in the dungeon of Ganzhou Weifu. After Wu Ruolan was sacrificed, his head was cut off and hung above the gates of Ganzhou.
After hearing the news, Zhu De almost passed out, but in order to take the Red Army out of the enemy's encirclement, Zhu De could only endure the grief in his heart and continue to move forward. Only tears fell in front of Chairman Mao, which was extremely rare in Zhu De's life.
Many years later, although Zhu De became a family again, he could not let go of Wu Ruolan's sacrifice that year. When Zhu De was in Yan'an, he once recalled Wu Ruolan to the American writer Mattley and said: "She is a tenacious peasant organizer, a rare woman who can engage in propaganda and fight wars, who can write and fight, and who can write and fight.
After Wu Ruolan's sacrifice, Zhu De was extremely fond of orchids. No matter where you go, you always have a few orchids. Sometimes they will look at the pot of orchids in a daze and think about it.
In 1962, Zhu De also wrote a poem when he revisited Jinggangshan. The poem says: "Jinggang Mountain produces Youlan, and the trees and forests are grassy; Man Daolin knows very well that he has looked back several times in search of Fangfang" Presumably, what is pinned on this is the longing for Wu Ruolan.
This year, when Zhu De came down from the mountain, he also took a pot of Jingganglan with him. On the way back to Beijing, Zhu De recalled the past with tears in his eyes, and Wu Ruolan's heroic gestures of that year once again appeared in front of Zhu De.
If it were not for Wu Ruolan's sacrificial cover, it is presumably impossible for the smooth breakthrough of the Red Army's military headquarters, let alone the victory of the Chinese revolution.
Wu Ruolan (March 1906 – February 12, 1929) was a revolutionary martyr from Jiuyantang Village on the outskirts of Leiyang County (now Leiyang City), Hunan Province, from an intellectual family. At the age of 8, he entered a private school, and at the age of 12, he entered the Leiyang County Girls' Vocational School. In 1924, he was admitted to the Third Girls' Normal School of Hunan Province.
Text/Nangong Qin