During Genghis Khan's western expedition, one country was fortunate to escape his "clutches", although it was still conquered by his descendants. This country is what we call the "Three Brothers" of India today, and as a great country of agricultural civilization, it was rich even in that era. Why did Genghis Khan give up conquering India?
There has always been such a legend about Genghis Khan's western conquest of India. Legend has it that Genghis Khan withdrew his troops from India because he encountered a monster called Luduan on the Indus River. At that time, Genghis Khan attacked all the way to the north bank of the Indian River in pursuit of Zalandin, but although the Mongol cavalry who penetrated deep into India captured many cities along the way, they never found any trace of Zalandin. So at that time, Yerushalayim persuaded Genghis Khan to withdraw from India and abandon the pursuit. However, Genghis Khan was unwilling to give up the pursuit of Zalandin, just at this time the good news came that the Zhebetsu forces had marched into the Caucasus Mountains, defeated the Chincha reinforcements, and entered Russia. Hearing this news, Genghis Khan was even more reluctant to give up the idea of pursuing Zalandin and annexing India.
But when Genghis Khan's large army arrived at the Indus River, he saw the water vapor in the river and the mist of daylight. The soldiers had dry mouths and drank water one after another, but the heat of the river was boiling, and they could not enter it at all. This made the soldiers complain constantly, eager to return immediately. Yelü Chucai was about to enter the court again when he suddenly saw a large monster appear on the riverbank. Genghis Khan then ordered the soldiers to prepare to bend the bow to shoot, and suddenly heard the monster make a noise, resembling a human voice, as if there were four words" "Lord Ru has returned early". Yelü Chucai immediately stopped the archers and took the opportunity to tell Genghis Khan that this monster was called Luduan, and that the heavens had sent him to warn Genghis Khan to take the life of the whole people as soon as possible. Genghis Khan then returned to Mongolia with his army in accordance with Providence.
This legend is mostly false, or there is no so-called Lu Duan. If there are, it may just be some unique species in India, the Mongols have never been to India, naturally do not know what kind of species it is. In order to get Genghis Khan to withdraw his troops, Yelü Chucai lied that this was Luduan and then extended his cry to "Lord Ru has returned early", in order to persuade Genghis Khan to withdraw his troops. Genghis Khan naturally knew that Yerushalayim was lying, but the situation at that time was really unable to expand the war situation deep into India, so he borrowed a donkey to go downhill and withdraw his army.
At that time, the biggest problem that Genghis Khan faced was the inadaptability of the Mongol cavalry to India's climate and geography. For a long time, the biggest advantage of the Mongol cavalry was that they were good at riding and shooting, and they could run long distances. However, such advantages cannot be applied in the indus and Ganges river basins with dense river networks, and the most important thing is India's hot and humid climate. The Mongols have long lived in the Mongolian plateau and the dry and cold areas of Siberia, and they are afraid of hot and humidity, and they are not tolerant of high temperatures. The scorching heat of India made the fierce Mongol soldiers lose their fighting spirit, and according to the literature, when Genghis Khan invaded India, it was the height of summer, and the heat made the Mongol cavalry only have to advance for miles a day. Indian soldiers, on the other hand, were accustomed to such hot weather. As a result, the Mongols lost their complete superiority in India.
On the other hand, the proud cavalry of the Mongols met their nemesis in India, that is, the elephant soldiers of India. We all know that there are many elephants in India, in India elephants can not only be used for labor, but also ancient Indians will organize elephants into armies to assist in the war, it is precisely because elephants in India's production, war have a high status, so Indians affectionately call elephants "Hadi".
On the battlefield, elephants often take the initiative in the battlefield by virtue of their height, size and strength. The tall war elephant can reach several meters, which allows the towers mounted on its back ridge to shoot arrows and shoot at the enemy from high above. In addition to elephant soldiers, the Indian army also had horse soldiers, chariot soldiers, and infantry. In the middle of the battle, the elephant soldiers and the horse soldiers will have a tacit cooperation, the elephant soldiers will open the way, and the horse soldiers will charge into the battle. After the horsemen had finished charging, the elephant soldiers rushed forward to kill and stomp. Such a method of warfare was unprecedented to the Mongols and brought heavy casualties to the Mongol cavalry.
Later Timur, a descendant of Genghis Khan, once again attacked India from the south. However, they were still hindered by Indian elephant soldiers, and the Mongol cavalry still suffered heavy losses in the first battle. Fortunately, Timur quickly thought of a countermeasure, he referred to the fire bull array of Tian Dan in the Warring States period, prepared many camels, let the camels carry dry firewood, lit it and rushed to the Indian elephant soldiers, carrying the dry firewood on fire, so that the camels were terrified and ran around. The elephants in the Indian elephant soldiers were naturally afraid of fire, and when they saw the camels carrying the fire, they fled in fright. Through the fire attack, the Mongols eliminated the Indian elephant soldiers, and India without the elephant soldiers was soon conquered by the Mongols.