In March 1906, Cai Zhong (Cai Lanjie) was born into a landlord family in Shantian Village, Liangjiang Township (now Liantang Ao Town), Youxian County. The picture shows an old photo of his former residence
Yellow dust is in the present and ancient times, and the history of youth is in the human world. The martyr Cai Zhong used his warm blood to paint a magnificent spiritual map of the communists, and used his youthful fanghua to interpret the fearless geng geng and sincerity of a communist hero!
Cai Huiwen and The Cai Zhong (left) brothers in a group photo
Political Commissar of the 101st Regiment of the Red 34th Division of the Long March Rear Guard Division, Acting Director of the Political Department, and Acting Political Commissar.
Cai Zhong, formerly known as Cai Lanjie, is also known as Cai Zhong. He was born in March 1906 to a wealthy family in Shantian Village, Liangjiang Township, YouXian County, Hunan Province.
Cai Zhongsheng is introverted, deep, and does not smile. Cai's father first regarded him as a stupid material, and it was not until he was 10 years old that he entered a private school with his younger brother Cai Huiwen, and his academic performance was also mediocre at that time.
When his brother Cai Huiwen was admitted to Changsha No. 13 Middle School, changjun middle school, with honors in the autumn of 1925, Cai Zhong continued his studies at youxian No. 2 Higher Primary School.
Cai Zhong was influenced by his younger brother, the revolutionary martyr Cai Huiwen (pictured), and embarked on the revolutionary road
In the winter of 1925, when Cai Huiwen returned from Changsha to spend his winter vacation in his hometown, he enthusiastically briefed his brother Cai Zhong on the situation of the revolutionary struggle in Changsha, recounted the situation of students in various schools in the provincial capital who actively participated in the struggle against imperialism and feudal warlords, and publicized to him the revolutionary ideas and propositions of the sanctity of labor, the unity of the people, the opposition to imperialism, the opposition to feudal warlords, the eradication of corrupt officials, and the elimination of the system of class oppression and exploitation.
Mobilize him to break the stereotypical concepts of the exploitation system such as "Honoring the Ancestors of the Emperor" and "Supporting the Mendi", get rid of the shackles of the family, and actively participate in the revolutionary struggle to change society.
Inspired by his brother, he felt that he should no longer be silent. He is determined to join forces with his younger brother Cai Huiwen in the struggle to smash this evil world.
In the autumn of 1926, Cai Zhong was admitted to Changsha Changjun Middle School and followed Cai Huiwen to actively participate in the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal patriotic student movement.
In the autumn of 1926, Cai Zhong was admitted to Changsha Changjun Middle School, and when he entered Changsha, everything Cai Zhong heard and witnessed was the revolutionary struggle of workers and peasants and the patriotic student movement that were in full swing against imperialism and feudal warlords.
Like a child who was slow to learn, and like a slightly slower red morning glow hanging in the middle of the sky, he humbly followed Cai Huiwen and plunged into various struggles with courage and enthusiasm.
At the end of December of the same year, Cai Huiwen told Cai Zhong that according to the instructions of the party organization, he was required to abandon the final examination. We should prepare to return to our hometowns to carry out revolutionary propaganda, organize and launch a peasant movement, and earnestly implement the spirit of the resolutions adopted by the First Peasant Congress of Hunan Province to eradicate corrupt officials and local tycoons and inferior gentry, reduce rents and interest rates, and establish peasant self-defense armed forces and peasant political power.
In their hometown, the Cai brothers actively carried out the struggle to overthrow the local tycoons and inferior gentry, and established a peasant association organization
At that time, the Party members and students of Youxian County who were studying in Changsha were happy and delighted with Cai Zhong's rapid consciousness and progress. At the end of the same year, Cai Zhong was introduced by Liu Zhenguo and gloriously joined the Communist Party of China.
During the winter vacation of 1926, Cai Zhong, Cai Huiwen and other students from Youxian County returned to their hometowns to organize a peasant movement. They actively mobilized the masses to participate in the struggle to overthrow the local tycoons and inferior gentry, and the Cai brothers returned to their hometown of Yamada after some work on the bridge.
First of all, he led the poor peasants to their own homes for a meeting to divide grain, and then spread the struggle to overthrow the local tycoons and inferior gentry centered on rent reduction and interest reduction to all mountain villages in Liangjiang Township, and helped establish grass-roots peasant association organizations such as Shantian. It has effectively promoted the vigorous development of the workers' and peasants' movement in the whole county.
In February 1927, just after the Spring Festival, Cai Zhong and Cai Huiwen were dispatched by the local executive committee of Youxian County of the CPC to return to Changsha in order to deeply understand the spirit of the Circular on How to Realize Rural Democratic Power by the Hunan District Committee of the CPC.
At the end of 1927, Cai Zhong went to Jinggangshan to join the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army
At this time, Ouyang Changle, a great local tycoon who had committed the most heinous crimes, fled to Changsha in fear of his crimes, and after the Cai brothers received this information from Liu Tanhao, director of the Preparatory Office of the County Agricultural Cooperative, who had tracked down changsha, they immediately gathered more than 10 students from Youxian County, including Liu Zhenguo, Huang Bijiao, and others.
Surrounded by the hiding place of Ouyang Changle and others, this group of local tycoons and gentry, under the protection of the warlords, had absconded to Wuhan that night.
In the face of the reactionary warlords' criminal acts of openly opposing the workers' and peasants' movement, Cai Zhong was very indignant. He said: If the workers and peasants make a revolution, they must also take up guns and do it!
When Cai Huiwen and Cai Zhong reunited, Huiwen wrote to Cai Zhong
On the way, he and Cai Huiwen met unexpectedly, and returned to their hometown of Yamada together, just entered the house, hunger and thirst have not yet been lifted, and the two brothers were besieged by Chen Yangfen, the local regimental defense bureau chief.
The two of them went upstairs, and taking advantage of the entanglement between their parents and Chen Yangfen, Cai Zhong removed the rope from the pick box and climbed down the rope from the window to escape from danger.
Since then, the brothers have been scattered. In the darkness of the night, the bandits held aloft torches. Climb over the mountains, break into villages and break down households, and search and arrest everywhere.
In order to reduce the target, the brothers had to disperse and hide, but they lost contact. Cai Zhong continued to live in exile in a white terror.
Tan Zhenlin, a revolutionary from Youxian County
In the autumn of 1927, Cai Zhong secretly returned to his hometown of Yamada again. Unexpectedly, chen Yangfen, a counter-revolutionary, discovered that Chen Yangfen immediately sent more than a dozen bandits to surround the old house of the Cai family, and the situation was very grim.
But he was still very calm, and quietly climbed to the beam of the bullpen house, and hid it in the straw stack. In the midst of this very crisis, Cai Mu Zhang Stood at the gate with tears in her eyes, and looked at a bamboo forest on the opposite mountain in despair.
Unexpectedly, Cai Mu's demeanor actually brought about a turnaround, and the enemy thought that Cai Zhong was hidden in the bamboo forest opposite, and rushed towards the bamboo forest.
Cai Zhong fought bravely, bravely and well, and always charged forward in battle
Cai Zhong once again escaped danger, and for the next two or three months, he starved and lived an inhuman life in the deep mountains and old forests around Liangjiang and Yinkeng.
In November 1927, the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army captured the county seat of Chaling county and established the Workers' and Peasants' and Soldiers' Government of Chaling County, chaired by Tan Zhenlin.
Subsequently, Cai Huiwen, a party representative of the machine gun company of the First Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, also sent Liu Liansheng, a traffic officer, back to Youxian County to develop the organization, and finally found his brother Cai Zhong.
Decisive battle at the site of the pontoon bridge in Xiangjiang Province
Cai Zhong was overjoyed, and he planned to mobilize a group of like-minded young people in his hometown to defect to the revolution. He also found a classmate of his at the prefectural No. 2 Senior Elementary School, who had been a member of the Enterprising Society.
Li Renxian, who was more progressive in his thinking at that time. Unexpectedly, after the defeat of the Great Revolution, Li Renxian joined the reactionary forces (he later became one of the political leaders of the Kuomintang in Youxian County).
When Cai Zhong asked him to join the revolutionary armed forces, he not only refused, but also wanted to send Cai Zhong to defect to the "Bandit Communists", and Cai Zhong, who could tolerate his slander against the party and the revolutionary cause he had dreamed of, was furious, he set a fire, burned Down Li Renxian's family yard, and then embarked on the road of struggle at Jinggangshan without hesitation.
As a new warrior, Cai Zhong showed great bravery in the struggle of Jinggangshan. In January 1928, soon after he joined the army, he threw himself into the battle to open the county seat of Suichuan.
In November 1934, Cai Zhong's Red 34th Division, in order to cover the main force moved to the Xiang River for 7 days and nights, and finally ran out of ammunition and food, and the entire army was destroyed
In mid-February, he conquered the county seat of Ninggang with his troops, and he not only strictly observed revolutionary discipline, was not afraid of hardships and hardships, but also actively engaged in mass work, and he was one of the outstanding members of the soldiers' committee.
In February 1928, he was transferred to the heavy brigade of the 31st Regiment of the Red Fourth Army, and his work was always hard work, immersed in hard work, and completed various transportation tasks well.
In January 1929, Cai Zhong left the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base Area with the Red Fourth Army and moved to gannan and western Fujian in order to open up the central revolutionary base area. Actively propagate and mobilize the masses in the base areas to fight local tyrants, divide up the land, and establish a revolutionary power of workers and peasants.
In June 1930, the Red Fourth Army was reorganized in Dingzhou, Fujian Province, based on the former Third Column of the Red Fourth Army, and some personnel were drawn from the Fourth Column and local troops in several counties in western Fujian to form the Red Twelfth Army, with Wu Zhonghao (later Luo Binghui) as the commander and Tan Zhenlin as the military political commissar.
Cai Zhong's comrade-in-arms, the martyr Chen Shuxiang, commander of the Red 34th Division, was martyred
In this reorganization, Cai Zhong was promoted to political commissar of the Thirty-fourth Division of the Red Twelfth Army. During Ding Zhou's rectification training, Cai Zhong used Comrade Tan Zhenlin's compilation of "How to Establish Branches" and "How to Educate Party Members" as teaching materials to conduct ideological and political education for the officers and men of the units under his command. The work style and discipline building of the troops have been strengthened.
In late June 1930, the Red Twelfth Army was ordered to advance towards Jiangxi Province. At the end of July, Cai Zhong led his troops into the Mishijie area southwest of Nanchang.
On August 1, an attack was launched on Niuhang Station, and a demonstration was fired across the Ganjiang River to the city of Nanchang to commemorate the third anniversary of the Nanchang Uprising, and in the middle of the month, in order to support Peng Dehuai's troops who had withdrawn from Changsha, Cai Zhong led his troops to attack Liuyang Wenjia City with his troops, fought in coordination with the brother troops, and achieved a major victory in annihilating more than 1,500 people of the enemy's Dai Douyuan Brigade.
In September of the same year, the Red Army attacked Changsha again. On the 12th, the whole army withdrew to Zhuzhou, and the next day Mao Zedong, secretary of the General Front Committee, presided over a meeting of the General Front Committee, and decided to abandon the attack on Changsha, return to Jiangxi, and capture Ji'an.
New countryside in Youxian County
On the way back to the division, the Red Twelfth Army took the road to Liling and captured Youxian in one fell swoop on the 17th, helping to establish the revolutionary regime in Youxian County.
In order to open the passage to ganxi, Cai Zhong led his troops to occupy the first line of Shuishuidu, Shalingpi, Liantang Pass, and Liangjiang, and returned to his hometown, where his father Cai Kaixian was already bedridden.
In order to express his consolation for his father's years of involvement in the revolution and the torture of local reactionary forces because of their brothers' participation in the revolution, he lifted his dying father out of bed and took a photo with him to fulfill the father-son relationship.
For the sake of command convenience, Cai Zhong quickly withdrew to his mother's uncle's house, and then asked the guards to call her mother, call her bankrupt, and distribute all the land to the poor peasants, and only take a few acres of land to become a nun, so as to avoid the reactionaries persecuting his old man.
It is located in the surrounding rural new atmosphere of the new county seat of Youxian County
He also mobilized his third brother Yuwen to join the revolution, because the third brother did not answer, and Cai Zhong was furious and asked his subordinates to set fire to the compound of the third brother-in-law's mother-in-law's house (the landlord) to show his determination to destroy his relatives in righteousness and swear not to go back to death.
In September 1931, after the victory of the Third Anti-"Encirclement and Suppression" War, the General Front Committee of the Red Army decided to adjust the organization of departments and bureaus, and the Thirty-fourth Division of the Red Twelfth Army, where Cai Zhong belonged, was incorporated into the battle sequence of the Red Fourth Army.
From then on, Cai Zhong became a commander of the main Red Army. The fourth anti-"encirclement and suppression" war was thrown into a larger scale and won greater victories. Meritorious achievements have been made in consolidating and expanding the central revolutionary base areas.
In June 1933, according to the order of the Central Military Commission, the whole army implemented a unified organization, and the former Red Nineteenth Army was merged with the Thirty-fourth (Small Division) of the Red Twelfth Army, and it was still the Thirty-fourth Division (Master).
Located in the red base of the high-rise community in Liantang Ao Town, the Monument to the Revolutionary Martyrs of the Su District of Xiangganyou County
The division was commanded by Zhou Zikunjian, commander of the Fujian Military Region, and Acting Political Commissar and Director of the Political Department of the Division by Cai Zhong. The division had three regiments under its jurisdiction: the 100th Regiment, regimental commander Han Wei, political commissar Cai Zhong (concurrently), and later Fan Shiying; the 101st regiment, regimental commander Yang Meisheng, and political commissar Peng Zhufeng; the 102nd regiment, regimental commander Zhang Jing, Hou Lu Guanyin, and political commissar Cai Zhong. In October, Peng Shaohui was replaced by Peng Shaohui as the division commander, Cheng Cuilin as the political commissar of the division, and Cai Zhong as the director of the division's political department.
On 18 November, the 34th Division was assigned to the Red Seventh Army. Under the unified command of Peng Dehuai and Yang Shangkun of the Eastern Army, they participated in the operation into Fujian.
In the winter of 1933, although his younger brother Cai Huiwen, commander-in-chief of the Red Army of the Xianggan Military Region and general political commissar, was attacked and persecuted by the erroneous line of the "Left", Cai Zhong believed that his brother was loyal to the party, and he did not forget the magnificent and fierce scene when his brother took a group photo with him in June 1930 when the Red Fourth Army was reorganized in Dingzhou and wrote an inscription: "On the third anniversary, we both have the determination to sacrifice and struggle."
In the spring of 1934, the 34th Division came under the command of the Fifth Red Army. In October, with a deep heart, Cai Zhong bid farewell to the heroic land in the Central Soviet Region and the heroic masses of the people in the base area, and embarked on a long journey of strategic retreat.
Landscape lotus pond pass, good scenery since the natural
After the Central Red Army began the Long March, the Fifth Red Army served as the general rear guard of the whole army, the Red Thirty-fourth Division served as the rear guard of the general rearguard, and Cai Zhong served as the political commissar of the 101st Regiment, the acting director of the Political Department of the Thirty-fourth Division, and the acting political commissar.
Under the correct command of the commander of the First Army, Cai Zhong led his troops to cut off the "claws of Chiang Kai-shek" from various places countless times, and turned dangers into disasters again and again; in the long battle that lasted for 4 months in Guizhou, he experienced hundreds of battles, large and small, not only crushing the enemy's encirclement, pursuit, and interception, but also leading the troops to actively engage in mass work and win the support of the minority nationalities for the Red Army.
The Red Thirty-fourth Division made great contributions to the neutrality of the Red Army's Long March, and from the beginning of the Long March, it covered the main force while fighting and walking. The Red Thirty-fourth Division had three regiments, totaling more than 6,000 men, and in the fierce battle, the troops were sacrificed and reduced along the way.
Visit the Revolution Memorial
In the Battle of the Xiang River at the end of November 1934, after this unit covered the last unit of the Red Army leaving Guanyang (Guangxi), it fell into the enemy's heavy siege and was cut off on the east bank of the Xiang River, and the remaining soldiers only survived after Han Wei jumped off the cliff, and the rest finally ran out of ammunition and food and all died.
Cai Zhong, then political commissar of the 101st Regiment, acting director of the Political Department of the 34th Division, and acting political commissar, died heroically in this battle to cover the main force of the Red Army to cross the Xiang River. He gave his precious life for the revolutionary liberation of the Chinese people.
Beautiful county seat of Youxian County
Text/Zeng Jianrong Source/Fang Zhi Zhuzhou
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