Wang Lu/Wen
Gu Yanwu is studious
Gu Yanwu, a native of Qiandeng Town, Kunshan County, Suzhou Province (present-day Kunshan, Jiangsu), his real name was 绛, his nickname was Fan Han, his aliases Ji Kun and Gui Nian, the characters Zhongqing and Ning Ren, were outstanding thinkers, scribes, historians and phonologists of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and together with Huang Zongxi and Wang Fuzhi, they were known as the "Three Great Confucians" of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.
Because he admired the personality of Wen Tianxiang's student Wang Yanwu, he changed his name to Yanwu. Because there is Tinglin Lake next to the former residence, scholars honor him as Mr. Tinglin, and the world is called Gu Tinglin.
Portrait of Gu Yanwu.
When he was a child, Gu Yanwu studied the scriptures every spring and summer, and his family invited him to sit around him with 4 loud voices.
Gu Yanwu put a sutra in front of him, he first asked a teacher to read a passage of scripture, and when he encountered something different in the words or where he had forgotten, he argued with the 4 people or remembered it again.
One person reads 20 pages of the book, and another reads 20 pages, and he reviews 200 pages of the Scriptures every day.
Gu Yanwu grew up to a veteran and traveled, he rode a lame donkey and used two horses to carry a few boxes of books.
When we arrived at the Biansai Pavilion Barrier, we invited the veterans stationed there to drink and chat together, ask about the local customs and customs, and study the geography and mountains.
If it doesn't match what he usually hears, he will open the book to verify, and must be clear before stopping.
When riding on a donkey, he silently recited the commentaries of various classical works.
Immersed in books and meeting old friends on the road, he often can't remember who the other person is. Sometimes I get too addicted to books, and I fall off a cliff as I walk. He got up and continued walking.
Statue of Gu Yanwu.
When Gu Yanwu was writing the Five Books of Phonology, the second draft of the "Poetry Benyin" that had already been written was bitten by a rat. He did not take the plunge either, and transcribed again.
Someone advised him to eliminate rats, and he said, "Rats bite my manuscripts to encourage me!" Otherwise, how could I change my draft five times? ”
Gu Yanwu did not travel at night
In the 15th year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1676), Gu Yanwu lived in Beijing.
One afternoon, he went to visit his nephews Xu Qianxue and Xu Yuanwen, and the two nephews set up a dinner party to entertain him. At that time, Xu Qianxue and Xu Yuanwen were already university scholars and important ministers of the imperial court.
Xu Qianxue's two brothers thought that they could have a drink with their uncle and not get drunk, but just after drinking 3 glasses of wine, Gu Yanwu stood up and said that he wanted to go back.
Xu Qianxue said, "Don't you worry, when I let someone send you back with a lantern, won't you get it?" ”
Gu Yanwu also did not care that Xu Qianxue was in a high position, and said on the spot: "In this world, there are only two kinds of people who take the night road, elopement and bribery. ”
Frightened, Xu Qianxue quickly stood up straight, and the atmosphere did not dare to take a bite.
If Gu Yanwu lived until now, seeing the big city late at night, I don't know if he would faint?
Gu Yanwu financial management
Gu Yanwu left Jiangnan and traveled north alone.
Whenever he went to a place, he bought a few concubines in the local area and bought a large number of houses and real estate.
Commemorative stamp for the 400th anniversary of Gu Yanwu's birth.
By relying on the field property, he has an economic income and can devote himself to local field research and study.
After two or three years, he recovered the cost, let the doorman manage it, and left without hesitation and walked to the next station. At the next stop, he did the same.
In this way, he has traveled to many provinces and has never had an economic crisis.
In his later years, he settled in Huayin County, Shaanxi Province, and purchased 50 acres of land for the elderly.
Gu Yanwu's calligraphy.
Xu Qianxue and Xu Yuanwen, the two nephews, borrowed money from Gu Yanwu many times before they showed up. Gu Yanwu borrowed every time, accumulatively borrowing thousands of taels of silver before and after.
As the saying goes, there is borrowing and repaying, and it is not difficult to borrow again. But Gu Yanwu did not find two nephews to pay back until his death.
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