Summer Spring Brocade
Feng Zikai
Feng Zikai is a famous cultural figure in China's modern history, a combination of cartoonists, essayists and other identities. The academic research on Feng Zikai's literary and artistic achievements and life history should be said to have been very comprehensive and in place, especially the experts and scholars represented by Professor Chen Xing have compiled and published such as "Feng Zikai Commentary" (Chen Xing, Shandong Pictorial Publishing House, October 2011 edition), "Feng Zikai's Long Genealogy" (Chen Xing, China Social Sciences Press, 2017 Revised Edition, hereinafter referred to as "Long Edition") and "Feng Zikai's Complete Works" (edited by Chen Xing, Dolphin Publishing House, 2016 edition, hereinafter referred to as "The Complete Works") and other academic achievements have attracted the attention of the academic community. However, due to the wide range of feng zikai's travels, it is inevitable that the research in this area will be sparse, among which the historical facts of the exchanges between Feng Zikai and the famous lexicographer Long Yusheng have not been covered by the writings including the above research results. This article will do some research on the correspondence between the two and related historical materials.
One
The first thing I saw was Feng Zikai's two correspondences and one poem, both of which were written in brush handwriting, included in the "Long Yusheng Shiyou Shuzha". This book was compiled by Zhang Ruitian, one of the "Silverfish Wencong" that the author participated in planning, and was published by Zhejiang Ancient Books Publishing House in August 2019. The contents are:
Letter 1 (The so-called "letter 1" and "poetry" in this article are added by the author, the same below)
Mr. Yu Sheng:
Hui Xie received that the letter had been sent to the Secretariat of the General Assembly today to Mayor Chen, do not read it. Because the mayor did not attend the meeting today, he was unable to hand over in person. When meeting later, when mentioned. Repetition, i.e., ode
Good day.
Brother Fengzi Kai
Letter Zha II
Yesterday,"Guangming Daily" carried an article on the words, and today it is cut down and sent, and the lyricists must be interested in this and have high opinions. That is, the rites of worship.
Brother Feng Zi Kaishang
September 13
Newspaper clippings are attached and do not need to be returned.
In the 1950s, Fengzi Kaizhi Long Yusheng Codex
Poetry
Blue embers fall, dark red bananas on the screen. Idle dream Jiangnan plum ripe day, night boat whistle rain Xiao Xiao, people speak the side of the bridge.
Sleeping upstairs, the curtain under the moon. Dreaming of Moling mournful things, peach blossoms and willows full of river city, hammerheads sitting on the blowing pipe. Huang Fusong "Dream Jiangnan"
Reading the "Selected Words of Famous Artists of the Tang and Song Dynasties" of the Han Dynasty writers led the book Zhixing.
Zi Kai
On December 16, 1953, Feng Zikai sent a letter to Long Yusheng poetry
The writing time of these three historical materials, Zhang Ruitian generally believes in the introduction that it is "about the early 1950s". After repeated analysis by the author, I found that it was too vague, and the following will be examined and hooked from the aspects of writing time and historical facts of communication.
There is no time for the payment of the letter, which makes it more difficult to judge the specific writing time of the letter, but it is not without trace, such as the "Mayor Chen" mentioned in the letter, which should refer to Chen Yi, who served as the first mayor of Shanghai at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Chen Yi was appointed executive vice premier of the State Council on May 28, 1949, the day the Shanghai Municipal People's Government was proclaimed, and was appointed executive vice premier of the State Council until March 1955, when he formally stepped down as mayor of Shanghai and went to Beijing to perform his duties (Chen Yi Chronicle, by Liu Shufa, People's Publishing House, 1995). Therefore, the time of writing of this letter should not fall out of this range. Since Feng Zikai attended the First Congress of Literary and Art Workers in Shanghai as a representative of the art community on July 24, 1950, he was often able to see Chen Yi at relevant meetings because he was highly regarded by the new regime. Long Yusheng entrusted Feng Shi with a letter to Chen Yi for this reason, which should be reasonable. It is just that the "assembly" in the letter does not know what it means, so it is impossible to determine a more specific time.
Dragon Yusheng
There is a month and day in the fall of the letter 2 and there is no year. The article on the arguments contained in the Guangming Daily mentioned is no longer known, but the word "religious" in the greeting at the end of the letter reveals the information. Long Yusheng was transferred from the Shanghai Museum to the Department of Folk Music of the Shanghai Conservatory of Music as a professor in August 1956, and Feng Zikai wrote at the end of the letter that "teaching ceremony" can be described as "teaching ceremony" ("Annals of Mr. Long Yusheng", by Zhang Hui, Xuelin Publishing House, 2001 edition, hereinafter referred to as "Dragon Spectrum"). This letter was written after August 1956.
The content of the poem is the Tang Dynasty poet Huang Fusong's "Dream Jiangnan" written by Feng Zikai, and according to the falling paragraph, Feng Zikai "led the book Zhixing" after reading the "Selected Words of Famous Tang and Song Dynasties" selected by Long Yusheng. So when was this poem written? When the author was examining the materials for this purpose, Mr. Zhang Ruitian, at the author's request, sent a letter from Feng Zikai to Long Yusheng, which had never been published before, all in hard handwriting, and one of the letters involved the words "Now copy the dream of Jiangnan Erzhu Sent":
Letter Za III
Show it up. I remember that the day after my brother moved into this house three years ago, he had been favored, but unfortunately there were other guests at that time, and he regretted that he had not received much lesson. Zhu Xuankuijun once came here to inquire about the honorific site, and later learned of the recent good situation, and was very comforted. Now I promise Huan Xi Sha, the writing is excellent, and it is even treasured! However, my brother has not painted in person for more than three years. (At first, I learned Russian, but then I couldn't master the brush because of the pain in my right hand, but now I am busy translating and painting things. The picture of the school word of the cold is not up to the task. I have to wait until I resume my old karma in the future. (People's Daily and Jiefang Daily have repeatedly come to ask for paintings, all of which have been thanked for in the future.) The enlightened version honors the famous words of the Tang and Song dynasties and is loved by my brother to read. Now copy the dream of Jiangnan Erzhu sent to serve, chat Yahuier. Shunsong
Shi Ann.
Feng Zi Kai
December 16
Attach the alum paper, write one bad one, and the other bifeng. And again.
On December 16, 1953, Feng Zi Kai sent a letter to the Dragon Yusheng Codex
Although the letter does not indicate the year of writing, according to the phrase "now inheriting Huanxi Sha" in the letter, the author found the words of "Huan Xi Sha" written by Long Yusheng to Feng Zikai from the fourth volume of the "Complete Works of Long Yusheng", edited by Zhang Hui, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2015 edition; the "Chronicle Words" in the middle of 1953 of the Dragon Genealogy are also recorded) and found the words of "Huan Xi Sha" written by Long Yusheng to Feng Zikai, as follows:
Raccoon Creek Sand
Gift to Feng Zikai. Zi Kai studied Russian in the evening, and after two years of proficiency, he was able to translate various works
The Fa Milk Cao Xi people are dependent on Jun as a disciple of Master Hongyi, except for Fenxun. A new world. He is accustomed to sound as a Buddhist thing, but from the image to see the vitality of the king is famous for his comics. Feeling talent is like a rare one.
"Aoi Dumping Collection"
The poems in the fourth volume of the Complete Works of Long Yusheng are chronicled, in order of the year of creation, and the Huanxi Sha was compiled in mid-1953. It can be concluded from this that the letter and the poem were written on December 16, 1953, and were sent to Long Yusheng on that date.
Two
Below, the other four correspondences provided by Mr. Zhang Ruitian from Feng Zikai to Long Yusheng are interpreted one by one, and these letters, together with the three links above, are all lost in the "Complete Works" and are therefore extremely precious.
Letter Za iv
Cold Resident:
Come and see. Ling Yuan knew that his brother would travel north, thinking that it was xiao'er Hua Zhan who had passed it on. Xiao'er recently went to Beijing, will marry the sister of the library colleague Ms. Qi, the strong brother went north to marry, in the summer is lazy to travel far, is asking him to come to Shanghai to get married, so the brother's trip has not yet been determined. If you go north, you will certainly be able to meet with Ling Yuan, but you will not dare to do so.
The People's Literature Publishing House will publish classical literature and has sent it from a catalogue for comments. The famous words of the Tang and Song dynasties were selected and revised, and it was more beautiful. The mayor attaches great importance to this work and invites lay people to write a special statement, which shows that the national treasure loves the classical heritage and carries forward the national spirit, which is gratifying. Dedicated to this, that is, praise
Wen An.
July 22
Press: Long Yusheng name Mu Xun, the word Yusheng, the number of the word Forbearance Cold, etc., and once with the Ninhan Lu and other self-list books, so the "Ninhan" that looks up is Long Yusheng. In this letter, Feng Zikai said that "Xiao'er has recently gone to Beijing and will marry the sister of her library colleague Ms. Qi", referring to the marriage between Feng Huazhan and Qi Zhirong. The two married in Beijing in the second half of 1954, and hoped that Feng Zikai would "go north to marry the main marriage", but Feng Zikai was "lazy to travel far in the summer", and then he was hospitalized due to illness and did not make the trip. In addition, the letter also said that "the mayor attaches great importance to this work and invites laymen to specialize in writing", which is consistent with the 1954 statement in the "Dragon Genealogy": "In July, Mayor Chen Yi sent a letter to Xu Pingyu, chairman of the Cultural Management Committee, to instruct the director of the Shanghai Museum to allow Mr. Chen to concentrate on writing and not have to go to work according to the rules. (Dragon Genealogy, p. 175) It is determined from this that this Zadang was written on July 22, 1954. The "Lingyuan" mentioned in the letter is Long Yu's female dragon Shunyi, who was working at the Beijing Library at that time.
Letter 5
Driving the temporary brother in the hospital recuperation, lost very sorry! Blessed and good, the child was sent to the hospital, the doctor is forbidden to read, and he has to make a big minus magnolia chant Oh, comfort me a lot! My brother was discharged from the hospital a few days before Chongyang, and he was suffering from tuberculous pleurisy, the costal membranes have been healed, and tuberculosis requires three months of absolute rest, so he is recently doing a thorough idleness. Unfortunately, this disease prohibits alcohol, and the sentence "Tao Tao into a covetous way" is only a heart! The house where the brother moved, at the intersection of the old Alpine Road (South Shaanxi Road) and Henry Road (Xinle Road), that is, Verdun Garden, is not far from Zunyu. Brother can not go out, when there is time, hope Hui Lin talk freely, is very welcome. Sincerely
salute.
October 23
Press: The "good system" mentioned in this letter is the "masterpiece" mentioned later in the article, "Minus Magnolia Flower". This phrase is also included in the "Poetry Collection" in the fourth volume of the Complete Works of Long Yusheng, and was compiled in mid-1954 (the "Chronicles" in the Dragon Genealogy in 1954 are also included), and the content is as follows:
Minus magnolia
In the morning, there is HuaiFeng Zikai, because of the two words "qingxiao", do not continue to send it. Zi Kai Fang lay sick Song Bin, chatting with this comfort also
The dream is broken at night, and the writer has the spirit to know me. Go to the end of the embrace, Ji Moonlight wind under the eyes. Vimal chamber, flowers do not wear what disease. Close to Chongyang, you can tao tao into a look.
The preface to the word says "Zi Kai Fang is sick in Songbin, talk about this consolation", which is in line with Feng Zikai's statement in the letter 5 that "my brother was discharged from the hospital a few days before Chongyang, and what he suffered from was tuberculous pleurisy". It is from this that it is determined that this Zadang was written on October 23, 1954. According to Feng Zikai's letter to Pan Yingren on October 31, 1954, "I have moved here in September (see the letter), and unfortunately suffered from pleurisy and tuberculosis, and was hospitalized for one month. Therefore, life has been very dull these days. (Feng Zikai: "To Pan Yingren and Lu Yaxiong", see The Complete Works, vol. 20, edited by Yang Ziyun and Yang Chaonian, p. 155)
This letter is compared with the letter 5, and the content of the hospitalization of illness is basically the same. It can also be seen from this that Feng Zikai was admitted to the hospital in September, not august as stated in the Long Edition (Long Edition, p. 620). According to the "Long Compilation", on September 1 of that year, the Feng family moved from No. 1, Lane 671, Fuzhou Road, to No. 93, Lane 39, South Shaanxi Road, and it was the later famous Riyue Lou that moved in.
Letter Za VI
Show it up. The Tang and Song Dynasty famous word selections and nearly 300 word selections will be reprinted in the world, and it is even gratifying! It is very difficult to obey orders for drawings. Because my brother has been putting away his paintbrush for several years, specializing in Russian language study and translation, although he wants to make an exception, he has no choice but to obey orders! Proverb: The fist does not leave the hand, the song does not leave the mouth. Once the cover technique has been abandoned, it must be trained for a long time before it can be performed, and the painting technique is also changed from boxing. Therefore, recently, all walks of life (People's Daily, Liberation Daily, magazines, and old friends) have asked for paintings, and all of them have regretted (wand) their thanks. Sir this choice, in the word to offer (tribute) to the very big! The words of the Tang and Song Dynasties, magnificent and gentle, have immeasurable beauty in themselves, and do not need to use painting accessories; accessories are painted, and they lose their integrity. I wonder what Takami thinks? If you want to attach a clumsy painting, then if the brother's old works can be found (the brother's own collection has been lost in the war of resistance, the □), choose its applicable accessory, as a supplement, it is indispensable, begging for honor.
Mr. Wen was working in the museum, and his brother Posi came to visit and visit, only because of recent anemia, easy to faint, and did not dare to go out alone. And to be visited after rehabilitation. Sincerely
March 3
Press: The two books mentioned at the beginning of this letter should be "Selected Words of Famous Artists of the Tang and Song Dynasties" and "Selected Words of Famous Artists in the Past Three Hundred Years" selected by Long Yusheng. The former was revised in August 1954, completed on January 6, 1955, and published by Shanghai Classical Literature Publishing House in May 1956; the latter was revised on March 31, 1956, and was also published by Shanghai Classical Literature Publishing House in September of the same year. According to the "Words of the Tang and Song Dynasties" discussed in the second half of the letter, it can be seen that Long Yusheng's "instructions for drawing" should be the book "Selected Words of Famous Tang and Song Dynasties", so this letter should be written between 1954 and 1955.
According to the clues in the letter, the writing time and related historical facts of the six correspondences are analyzed separately. Because there is no accurate historical data to support it, xinzhaqi can only make some limited speculations for the Fang family to further investigate. The letter reads as follows:
Letter Seven
Brother traveled yesterday and returned, showing the offering. The former gave great works, which are convenient for young people to study and can be admired. Chairman Mao's words are elegant in meaning and profound in meaning, and my brother did not dare to take the liberty of painting, so he apologized! I send a picture to you to answer Yayi, please correct it. Hurry, to
Di Fengzi Kai
March 15
Press: The letter begins with "the tour began to return yesterday", according to the payment time "March 15th" investigation, it is currently known that Feng Zikai had a trip to Yangzhou and the West Lake in the spring of 1958 in the spring of 1958, and after returning from the spring tour, he wrote two essays on "Yangzhou Dream" and "West Lake Spring Tour". It is speculated that the letter may have been written in 1958.
Three
Regarding the interaction between Feng Zikai and Long Yusheng, when the two met and why they knew each other, it is still unknown. What can be judged on the basis of the above historical data is that their contacts are mainly concentrated in the first half and middle of the 1950s, and the relationship between them should be said to be relatively close. In the fourth volume of the "Complete Works of Long Yusheng", "Poetry Collection", it can also be found that the lyrics written by the three Dragon Yusheng to Feng Zikai can also be found, which are also recorded here:
Man Ting Fang
Chun Zhong passed through the Feng Zi Kai Yu Garden, and the spring colors were full of colors, in order to pick this song
Willow thread rubbing gold, plum branches and jade, small garden swinging spring light. Dongjun is always busy with makeup. For a few days, the clouds were not accurate, the rain passed, and the road was full of flowers. Yan Xi sense, wonderful solemnity, Zhou Ze is boundless. Looking for Fang, go hand in hand, the suburbs are embroidered wrongly, and do your best to wander. Qing Weimo became ill and was shallow drunk. Fixed from the bottom of the wrist of the gods, collect the scenery and rhyme into the palace business. Jiangnan is good, warblers and swallow dances, and helps the teenagers to be crazy. Zi Kai Jingyin Theory, part-time comics, prestigious, for years with a sick wrist can not paint, so the film and it.
Press: This work was made in 1955. From the small preface, it can be seen that in that year, "Chunzhong" Long Yusheng visited Feng Zikai's new home on South Shaanxi Road. Because of the "spring colors" around it, touching the scenery, there is this work. The footnote says "Zi Kai JingYin Theory, Part-time Comics, Prestige", which can be described as a pertinent comment, and Long Yusheng, as a lexicographer, is also proficient in musical rhythms, and the so-called "Jingyin Theory" is not a polite remark. And "I can't paint with a sick wrist for many years" echoes the above-mentioned "right hand with crazy pain and can't grasp the brush" mentioned in the above letter.
Fix the storm
Feng Zikai will go up the Jiangxi River to Lushan on July 26 to live in Shuyun: "This summer's heat is unprecedented in Shanghai in a hundred years, and the brother town is in trouble, looking directly at this six-foot body as a superfluous thing, the word Weng wants to also reduce Yaxing, I don't know if there is also a 'ice muscle jade bone' system? On the eve, Yu Fang went to the Majestic Cinema to watch the Yugoslav song and dance, and the words in the book were hidden in the seat, and Zi Kai smiled
The summer heat is unbearable, how to come from jade bones and ice muscles. Looking at this body is really like a heavy body, sleepy, vivid and wanting to be at peace. Tonight the river wind blows dreams away, like rain, half-empty waterfall wet people's clothes. Myōma Kiyoshi shrouded in lights and shadows, competing for competition, Matsuma Izumi rhymes with bamboo chess.
Press: This work was made in 1956. The time of Feng Zikai's visit to Lushan with his family is "July to August" (Long Edition, p. 628), and the exact date of departure is not specified, but the "July 26th" in the small preface reveals this definite date. What is even more valuable is that this poem is based on fengshi's letter "implicitly", and the small preface even copied the "book of coming", inadvertently retaining a letter from Feng Zikai. In addition, the Fengshi letter quoted in the preface asks "I don't know if there is also the system of 'ice muscle jade bone'", using an allusion from Su Shi's "Dong Xian Song Ice Muscle Jade Bone", indicating that Feng Zikai is asking for words from Long Yusheng, which shows that the relationship between the two is not ordinary.
Waves and sand
Feng Zikai sent a letter of fate to the Tang of Fate, a small smile, and a pregnant horse Zhanzhang Hangzhou
Long memory of Shimen Bay, clear water loop. At four o'clock, the wind is general. Lingqi Pipan Village wine beauty, long stationed in Zhuyan. How to use Qing Huan, directly back to the true source. The dragon snake flew and watched. The knot has been empty, gossip fate.
Press: This work was made in 1957. According to the small preface, it was only because of the "Feng Zi Kai's Work of Sending Words and Fortune Halls" that it was felt. Feng Zikai has written two works related to the "Ciyuan Yuantang", one of which is "The Second Song of ciyuanyuantang", which is a seven-word sentence; the other is "Ciyuanyuantang", which is a prose. According to the meaning of the words, it should be Feng Zikai who sent Long Yusheng the prose of "Ciyuan Yuantang". There are two reasons: First, the article "Ciyuan Yuantang" writes about Ma Yifu's letter from Tonglu, because Long Yusheng and Ma Yifu are also friends for many years, so long will naturally add a sentence in the small preface "Concurrently Huai Ma Zhanzhang Hangzhou". 2. According to the "Long Edition", in November 1957, the new edition of Feng Zikai's "Essays on Yuanyuantang" and "Feng Zikai's Collected Writings" were published by the People's Literature Publishing House, and the titles of the two books were different but the content was completely the same, and both included the article "Ciyuanyuantang". Feng Zikai was either revising this article at that time, and it was not impossible to have a sample in his hand or a copy to send to Long Yusheng.
Editor-in-Charge: Zheng Shiliang
Proofreader: Yan Zhang